Antioxidative potential of daedaleopsis tricolor basidiocarps and mycelium

Although some members of the genus Daedaleopsis have been prized for their medicinal and spiritual powers since Neolithic times, modern science has not yet sufficiently dealt with their bioactivities. This study aims at defining the antioxidative ac­tivities of extracts of Daedaleopsis tricolor wild and cultivated basidiocarps and mycelium and assessing their dependance on substrate type. Ethanol extracts (at a concentrations from 0.25 mg/mL to 16.00 mg/mL) of mycelium and wild fruiting bodies showed a considerable antioxidative potential (88.65% and 81.57%, respectively), which was almost the same as the commercial antioxidant BHA (88.91%). These radical scavenging abilities were reflected in EC50 values, which were 12.45 mg/mL for the extract of cultivated basidiocarps, 8.29 mg/mL for the extract of wild basidiocarps, 7.93 mg/mL for mycelium one, and 0.10 mg/mL for commercial antioxidant. Despite the fact that phenol proportion in the extracts was no neg­ligible (between 20.41 μg GAE/mg of the extract of dry wild basidiocarps and 146.37 μg GAE/mg of the extract of dry cultivated basidiocarps), its correlation with antioxidative activity was moderate. Flavonoids, in significant concentration, were detected only in the extract of cultivated fruiting bodies (28.64 μg QE/mg of dry extract), but no correlation with radical scavenging capacity was noted. A remarkable antioxidant potential, especially of the submerged cultivated mycelium, put D. tricolor high on the list of promising new natural antioxidants. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 173032

Stimulation of Wood Degradation by Daedaleopsis confragosa and D. tricolor

Biological pretreatment of the lignocellulosic residues, in which white-rot fungi have a crucial role, has many advantages compared to the chemical, physical, and physico-chemical methods of delignification and therefore attracts increasing scientific attention. Regarding the fact that properties and capacities of the ligninolytic enzymes of Daedaleopsis spp. are still unknown, the aim of this study was to research how nitrogen sources and inducers affect the potential of Daedaleopsis confragosa and Daedaleopsis tricolor to degrade cherry sawdust. NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, and peptone were tested as nitrogen sources, while veratryl alcohol, p-anisidine, vanillic acid, and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride were the studied inducers. As Mn-dependent peroxidase and laccase were the leader enzymes and cherry sawdust/peptone medium the best stimulator of their activities, the effect of inducers on delignification potential of these species was studied during fermentation of that substrate. Veratryl alcohol was the best stimulator of laccase and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride of Mn-dependent peroxidase activity (27,610.0 and 1338.4 U/L, respectively). These inducers also increased cherry sawdust delignification selectivity, particularly in D. tricolor in the presence of phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (lignin:hemicellulose:cellulose = 32.1%:0.9%:11.7%). Owing to the presented results, studied species could have an important role in the phase of lignocellulose pretreatment in various biotechnological processes. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature