Characteristics of the study population across intervention groups.

<p>Characteristics of the study population across intervention groups.</p

Effect of dietary strategies with or without physical activity on intramyocellular triacylglycerol over 18 months of intervention.

<p>Values in the Figure are means ± standard errors. Multivariate linear model adjusted for age, sex and visceral fat changes. *p<0.05, Mediterranean/ Low-carbohydrate diet with physical activity significantly increased intramyocellular triacylglycerol as compared to each of the other intervention groups. # p<0.05, paired t-test was used to test changes over time. LFPA-: Low fat diet non-physical activity; LFPA+: Low fat diet with physical activity; MED/LCPA-: Mediterranean/low-carbohydrate/ diet non-physical activity; MED/LCPA+: Mediterranean/low-carbohydrate/ diet with physical activity.</p

Associations between 18-month changes of intramyocellular triacylglycerol and body fat, metabolic syndrome and selected biomarkers.

<p>Associations between 18-month changes of intramyocellular triacylglycerol and body fat, metabolic syndrome and selected biomarkers.</p

Additional file 1 of The effect of high-polyphenol Mediterranean diet on visceral adiposity: the DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial

Additional file 1: S1. Adherence to the intervention. S2. Sensitivity analysis. S3. Inclusion and Exclusion criteria. S4. Physical activity recommendations protocol. S5. Polyphenol-rich foods, provided at no cost to participants. S6. Magnetic resonance imaging. S7. Clinical parameters, laboratory methodology, and blood and urine polyphenols assessments. S8. Sample size and power calculations. Fig. S1. DIRECT PLUS flow chart. Fig. S2. Heatmap of abdominal adipose depots and metabolic and cardiovascular parameters at baseline. Fig. S3. The effect of green Mediterranean diet on 18-month abdominal adipose tissues change, men only (n=252). Fig. S4. Illustrative MRI image. Fig. S5. The association between Mankai consumption and lipid profile change among the green-MED group (DIRECT PLUS). Fig. S6. Interaction model of red meat consumption and serum folate change (tertiles) for VAT% dynamics. Table S1. Outline of dietary and PA recommendations

Additional file 1 of The effect of polyphenols on DNA methylation-assessed biological age attenuation: the DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial

Additional file 1: Table S1. Correlation of epigenetic clock measurements with the energy-adjusted fish, meat, fruit, legumes, and vegetable intakes. Table S2. Differences in mAge residuals (age acceleration) with/out controlling for cell type (Intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration). Table S3. Specific CpGs associated with the GMD score. Top correlations (p<0.05). Table S4. Biological aging across intervention groups in subgroups of health status, women only. Fig. S1. The residuals from a regression model of mAge on actual age. Fig. S2. Overlap between available CpGs for each clock. Fig. S3. 18-month absolute change in methylation age clocks across intervention groups for the entire cohort. Fig. S4. 18-month absolute change in methylation age clocks across intervention groups, men only. Fig. S5. The distribution of the 9 components in the GMD score in each intervention group. Fig. S6. Correlation between changes in different mAge clocks and specific urine polyphenols