Oral health-related quality of life of children with oral clefts and their families

Abstract Oral health problems can influence people's Quality of Life (QoL) because of pain, discomfort, limitations, and other esthetics problems, affecting their social life, feeding, daily activities, and the individual's well-being. Objective: To compare oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with and without oral clefts and their families. Materials and Methods: 121 children aged from 2 to 6 years, from both sexes, enrolled in the treatment routine of the Pediatric Dentistry Clinics of a Dental School and a Hospital for Cleft Treatment were divided into two groups: Group 1 - children with cleft lip and palate; Group 2 - children without cleft lip and palate. The OHRQoL was assessed using the validated Portuguese version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS). The questionnaire was answered individually, only once, at a private place. Mann-Whitney U test was used to verify differences between groups. Spearman's Rho test was used to associate sex and age with quality of life. The level of significance was set at 5% (

Oral health-related quality of life of children with oral clefts and their families

Abstract Oral health problems can influence people's Quality of Life (QoL) because of pain, discomfort, limitations, and other esthetics problems, affecting their social life, feeding, daily activities, and the individual's well-being. Objective: To compare oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with and without oral clefts and their families. Materials and Methods: 121 children aged from 2 to 6 years, from both sexes, enrolled in the treatment routine of the Pediatric Dentistry Clinics of a Dental School and a Hospital for Cleft Treatment were divided into two groups: Group 1 - children with cleft lip and palate; Group 2 - children without cleft lip and palate. The OHRQoL was assessed using the validated Portuguese version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS). The questionnaire was answered individually, only once, at a private place. Mann-Whitney U test was used to verify differences between groups. Spearman's Rho test was used to associate sex and age with quality of life. The level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). Results: According to the parents’ perception on the OHRQoL of children with and without cleft lip and palate, oral health of children with oral clefts (Group 1) had a statistically significant impact on OHRQoL. The correlation of sex with impact on OHRQoL did not show statistically significant differences. On the other hand, the higher the age the higher the impact on QoL. Conclusions: The group comparison revealed that the cleft lip and palate negatively impacted on OHRQoL of 2 to 6-year-old children and their parents

Effect of cheiloplasty on the jaws of children with cleft lip and palate: 3D analysis of linear measurements, area and overlapping of the dental arches

O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar qual o melhor tempo cirúrgico para realizar a queiloplastia, avaliando o efeito nos maxilares de crianças com fissura labiopalatina por meio de análise 3D das medidas lineares, área, sobreposição e índice oclusal. A amostra deste estudo longitudinal retrospectivo foi composta 252 modelos digitais divididos nos seguintes grupos: Grupo 1 (G1) 50 participantes queiloplastia realizada aos 3 meses de vida, Grupo 2 (G2) 50 participantes queiloplastia realizada aos 5 e 6 meses de vida, Grupo 3 (G3) 26 participantes queiloplastia realizada dos 8 aos 10 meses de idade. Todos os participantes realizaram a queiloplastia pela técnica de Millard e palatoplastia total pela técnica de von Langenbeck. Os modelos digitalizados foram avaliados no Tempo 1 (T1), antes da queiloplastia e a partir dos 5 anos de vida, Tempo 2 (T2). As seguintes medidas lineares foram analisadas: distância intercaninos (C-C) e intertuberosidade (T-T), comprimento anterior (I-CC) e anteroposterior (I-TT) do arco dentário, distância anterior do arco dentário lado sem fissura (I-C) e lado com fissura (I-C), distância anteroposterior do arco dentário lado com fissura (I-T) e lado sem fissura (I-T), além das amplitudes anterior (P-P) e posterior da fissura (U-U). A área, sobreposição dos arcos dentários e índice de Atack, também foram mensurados. Para análise estatística o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse foi utilizado para a avaliação da confiabilidade. Teste T pareado e Teste de Wilcoxon foram aplicados nas análises intragrupos. ANOVA seguida do Teste de Tukey e Teste de KruskalWallis seguido do Teste de Dunn foram aplicados nas análises intergrupos. Correlação de Spearman foi utilizado para avaliar a correlação entre a área da fissura e o índice de Atack (p<0.05). No G1, a comparação intragrupo apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante nas medidas I-C\', C-C\', I-CC\' e soma das áreas dos seguimentos com médias menores em T2 (medidas lineares, p<0.0001 e soma das áreas dos seguimentos, p=0.003). No G2, a comparação intragrupo apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante nas medidas I-C\', C-C\', I-CC\' e soma das áreas dos seguimentos com médias menores em T2 (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.0466, respectivamente). No G3, a comparação intragrupo apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante nas medidas I-C, C-C\', I-CC\', soma das áreas dos seguimentos com médias menores em T2 (p<0.001, p=0.0007, p=0.0009 e p=0.0170, respectivamente). Em T1, a análise intergrupos, G1 apresentou médias estatisticamente significativa menor das medidas I-C\', I-C, C-C\' e soma das áreas dos seguimentos em comparação a G2 (p=0.0140, p=0.0082, p=0.0004, p<0.0001, nesta ordem). Em T2, a análise intergrupos, G1 apresentou média estatisticamente significativa da medida I-C\' quando comparado a G3 (p=0.0461). A análise da taxa de crescimento intergrupos, G1 e G2 demonstraram diferença estatisticamente significativa da medida I-C em comparação a G3 (p=0.0003). Na análise do índice de Atack, Grupo 1 apresentou maior quantidade de participantes com índice 4 (n=22, 44%). Enquanto, nos Grupos 2 e 3, o índice 3 foi o mais frequente (G2, n=24, 48% e G3, n=11, 42.4%). Desta forma, concluiu-se que os pacientes operados tardiamente apresentaram melhores resultados no crescimento e desenvolvimento dos arcos dentários.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the best surgical time to perform cheiloplasty, evaluating the effect on the jaws of children with cleft lip and palate through 3D analysis of linear measurements, area, overlap and occlusal index. Methodology: This is a retrospective longitudinal study. The sample consisted of 252 plaster models divided into the following groups: Group 1 (G1) 50 participants cheiloplasty performed at 3 months of life, Group 2 (G2) 50 participants cheiloplasty performed at 5 and 6 months of life, Group 3 ( G3) 26 participants cheiloplasty performed from 8 to 10 months of age. All participants underwent cheiloplasty using the Millard technique and total palatoplasty using the von Langenbeck technique. The digitized models were evaluated at Time 1 (T1), before cheiloplasty and from 5 years of age, Time 2 (T2). The following linear measurements were analyzed: intercanine distance (C-C\') and intertuberosity (T-T\'), anterior (I-CC\') and anteroposterior (I-TT\') length of the dental arch, anterior distance of the dental arch without cleft (I-C) and side with cleft (I-C\'), anteroposterior distance of the dental arch on the side with cleft (I-T\') and side without cleft (I-T), in addition to anterior (P-P\') and posterior amplitudes of the fissure (U-U\'). The area, overlapping of the dental arches and Atack index were also measured. For statistical analysis, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was used to assess reliability. Paired t test and Wilcoxon test were applied in intragroup analyses. ANOVA followed by Tukey\'s Test and KruskalWallis Test followed by Dunn\'s Test were applied in the intergroup analyses. Spearman\'s correlation was used to assess the correlation between the cleft area and the Atack index (p<0.05). In G1, the intragroup comparison showed a statistically significant difference in the measures I-C\', C-C\', I-CC\' and sum of areas of segments with lower means at T2 (linear measures, p<0.0001 and sum of areas of segments , p=0.003). In G2, the intragroup comparison showed a statistically significant difference in the measures I-C\', C-C\', I-CC\' and sum of areas of the segments with lower means at T2 (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.0466, respectively). In G3, the intragroup comparison showed a statistically significant difference in the measures I-C\', C-C\', I-CC\', sum of areas of the segments with lower means at T2 (p<0.001, p=0.0007, p=0.0009 and p =0.0170, respectively). In T1, the intergroup analysis, G1 presented statistically significantly lower means of the measurements I-C\', I-C, C-C\' and sum of areas of the segments compared to G2 (p=0.0140, p=0.0082, p=0.0004, p<0.0001 , in this order). In T2, the intergroup analysis, G1 presented a statistically significant mean of the I-C\' measure when compared to G3 (p=0.0461). The analysis of the intergroup growth rate, G1 and G2 showed a statistically significant difference in the I-C\' measure compared to G3 (p=0.0003). In the analysis of the Atack index, Group 1 had a greater number of participants with index 4 (n=22, 44%). While, in Groups 2 and 3, index 3 was the most frequent (G2, n=24, 48% and G3, n=11, 42.4%). Thus, it was concluded that the patients operated on late showed better results in the growth and development of the dental arches

Oral health-related quality of life of children with oral clefts and their families

Abstract Oral health problems can influence people's Quality of Life (QoL) because of pain, discomfort, limitations, and other esthetics problems, affecting their social life, feeding, daily activities, and the individual's well-being. Objective: To compare oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with and without oral clefts and their families. Materials and Methods: 121 children aged from 2 to 6 years, from both sexes, enrolled in the treatment routine of the Pediatric Dentistry Clinics of a Dental School and a Hospital for Cleft Treatment were divided into two groups: Group 1 - children with cleft lip and palate; Group 2 - children without cleft lip and palate. The OHRQoL was assessed using the validated Portuguese version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS). The questionnaire was answered individually, only once, at a private place. Mann-Whitney U test was used to verify differences between groups. Spearman's Rho test was used to associate sex and age with quality of life. The level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). Results: According to the parents’ perception on the OHRQoL of children with and without cleft lip and palate, oral health of children with oral clefts (Group 1) had a statistically significant impact on OHRQoL. The correlation of sex with impact on OHRQoL did not show statistically significant differences. On the other hand, the higher the age the higher the impact on QoL. Conclusions: The group comparison revealed that the cleft lip and palate negatively impacted on OHRQoL of 2 to 6-year-old children and their parents

Three-Dimensional Anthropometric Analysis of the Effect of Lip Reconstructive Surgery on Children with Cleft Lip and Palate at Three Different Times

Objectives: This investigation aimed to assess the optimal timing for lip repair in children with cleft lip and palate via 3D anthropometric analysis to evaluate their maxillofacial structures. Methods: The sample comprised 252 digitized dental models, divided into groups according to the following timing of lip repair: G1 (n = 50): 3 months; G2 (n = 50): 5 and 6 months; G3 (n = 26): 8 and 10 months. Models were evaluated at two-time points: T1: before lip repair; T2: at 5 years of age. Linear measurements, area, and Atack index were analyzed. Results: At T1, the intergroup analysis revealed that G1 had statistically significant lower means of I-C′, I-C, C-C′, and the sum of the segment areas compared to G2 (p = 0.0140, p = 0.0082, p = 0.0004, p p = 0.0346). At T2, the intergroup analysis revealed that G1 presented a statistically significant mean I-C′ compared to G3 (p = 0.0461). In the I-CC’ length analysis, G1 and G3 showed higher means when compared to G2 (p = 0.0039). The I-T′ measurement was statistically higher in G1 than in G2 (p = 0.0251). In the intergroup growth rate analysis, G1 and G2 showed statistically significant differences in the I-C′ measurement compared to G3 (p = 0.0003). In the analysis of the Atack index, there was a statistically significant difference between G1 and the other sample sets (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Children who underwent surgery later showed better results in terms of the growth and development of the dental arches