National Debt Management and the Lengthening of Debt Maturities in the 1970s of the U.S.A. (I)

© MCSER-Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. The current economic growth rate in the Republic of Tatarstan cannot serve as the only progress and welfare index of the region. This can be due to the fact that the continual economic growth of public welfare caused a number of adverse effects, such as environmental disorder, social strain intensification, etc. that is why it is necessary to reinforce another measure of our further well-being. This article specificates a particular criterion, forming part of the integral “life quality” rate, i.e. the expected life expectancy at birth. To complete this task a profound scientific research at a regional level is required. This article presents results of an analysis of life expectancy rate at birth as a way to evaluate life quality in the Republic of Tatarstan. The research results show that there is a territorial and gender disparity. The authors make this fact conditional on job distinctive features, unhealthy lifestyle, carelessness which leads to disregard one’s own health. So, they suggest including this rate as an indicative one while assessing the heads of the Republic of Tatarstan municipal units. This research aims to assess life quality from the perspective of life expectancy at birth. This work presents a monitoring of expected lifespan for the Republic of Tatarstan population as compared to other regions of the Volga Region Federal District. It also considers the situation within the republic at a municipal level. Practical implementation of the recommendations drawn up in the course of the research will promote development of a reasonable regional programme to maintain and improve public welfare. This research is based on traditional methods: cartographical (methodologically founded on subject and complex mapping and advances in geoinformation technologies), comparative and descriptive, spatial analysis method and the statistical one. Processing and analysis of fact sheets was carried out with the help of special geoinformation, cartographic and statistic software

Historical and cultural heritage in tourism development: The case of Republic of Tatarstan

© Medwell Journals, 2016.This study discusses methodological issues for evaluating the cultural and historical potential and possibilities of its application in development of the tourist industry in Republic of Tatarstan. Need for study historical and culture heritage explained by its importance in the overall structure of recreation and tourism. He advocates a kind of foundation on which are formed and implemented a variety of tourism activities. The study should be comprehensive, given its multifunctional structure including natural, cultural, historical and socio-economic components. It is particularly important to identify the most attractive tourism destinations which can organize a variety of leisure activities, the most complete implementation of the recreational needs. Very important in the structure of the recreational potential of the destinations are cultural, historical and socio-economic components. Cultural-historical component includes variety of functions: cognitive, educational, economic, emphasizing their considerable importance in recreational sector. In this study, we used a territorial (allows to take into account the spatial differentiation of landscape diversity, richness recreation facilities), target (determining the most effective use of the recreational potential of the destinations, in the assessment of the functioning of the whole complex of factors from the standpoint of possible objectives and priorities for its future development), typological (regional groupings, typology, classification), historical (used to study the development of this industry, the nature of the recreational potential of the destinations, identifying problems using it) approaches

Visean succession within South-Eastern part of Illizi Basin, Eastern Algeria and Western Libya: Lithological and facial mapping and oil prospecting

In present paper facial maps have been reconstructed on base of log and seismic data within South-East of Illizi basin. The maps have been built using recent facial classifications and method of lithological number. North-eastern and eastern areas of investigated territory have been revealed as most perspective for further oil prospecting

Positioning of volga federal district regions by demographic situation index

This article addresses the demographic situation in VFD regions which is viewed as important component of region's positioning. Author's method of calculation of demographic situation index is proposed, which was used for assessment of demographic situation in VFD regions. Performed analysis allowed to identify the set of indicators which correspond to the purpose of this study most fully. Such indicators are as follows: dependency ratio, crude birth rate, crude death rate coefficient, infant mortality rate and life expectancy at birth coefficient. The groups of factors are identified which influence demographic situation in the region. © IDOSI Publications, 2014

The effect of the quantity on the quality in the evaluation of the population satisfaction with the medical infrastructure facilities (by the example of the republic of Tatarstan)

The task of the study consisted in identification of correlation between the provision of population with the medical infrastructure facilities and their satisfaction with the operation of these facilities. In the programs of development of the countries of the world the benchmarks in the forms of the high standards of operation of the health care facilities, the leveling thereof from the territorial and social perspective are described. By the example of the Republic of Tatarstan this paper proposes the methodological approach to comprehensive analysis of the medical unit of the regional social infrastructure. During the comprehensive analysis we used the indicators taking into account the presence, level of development (subjective estimate), economic efficiency, social satisfaction (objective estimate) with the social infrastructure facilities (medical unit). For evaluation of the population satisfaction there was conducted the direct questioning with the general sample of 5 000 persons broken down by the territory with assignment of the index estimate. For assessment of economic efficiency we used the procedure taking into account the financial losses arising from the temporary incapacity of the employed population of the region. The results of the study were presented in the form of map charts (by all indicators), there was also designed a map chart with the matrix representation of the subjective and objective estimates that allows identifying the differentiation of the districts of the republic by the indicators under investigation. The use of this approach is also substantiated for the rest of calculations in case of evaluating an array of heterogeneous information

Role of historical cities in the tourist breading (case study of republic of tatarstan)

The concepts of an image, state, region and cities turned out to be an effective instrument in the tourist industry since it handles these concepts. Tourism has an advantageous multiplier effect and serves as an accelerator of the social-economic development. As the social development is taking place within the territory and the change of the functional status of territories and cities' image is an all-around and continuous process, the evaluation of cities' role in the touristic attraction of the region is an urgent task. This article studies main functional components of a city from the viewpoint of a touristic attraction (presence of recreation resources, ease of travel to the touristic object, presence of foodservice outlets and accommodation means) and their significance in the formation of the touristic brand. Basing on the numerical score the authors calculated an integral index which shows the level of touristic-recreation sphere development of the cities in the Republic of Tatarstan. As the result of the conducted investigation the authors pointed out some problem issues which are connected with the insufficient or limited resource base, unsuccessful system of the tourist services of tourists and visitors. The capital's break-offof the other cities of the Republic according to the main indices forms the feeling of capital hegemony. An even development of the touristic infrastructure in all the cities of the Republic is necessary to create a single regional tourist-recreation field

Geodemographic polarization processes: Municipal level (The case of the Kukmorsky municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan)

The global population and settlement processes have recently had a significant impact on the social and economic development of the region and its competitiveness. Therefore the areas of the concurrent use of the cartographic and mathematical methods to describe the settlement processes continue attracting attention. The gravity model of settlement, which reflects the polarization processes at the municipal level has been built and presented in this article. © IDOSI Publications, 2014

Prospects for the use of natural monuments with the development of new tourism destinations in the region (On the republic tatarstan example)

Today, there are problems associated with the need to preserve the natural and geographical landscape of the Republic of Tatarstan, with the disclosure and promotion of the tourism and recreational potential, as well as of the development of environmental education among all segments of the population. In this regard, there arose an urgent need to develop and to pay particular attention to the promotion of the unique nature of Tatarstan. Among the methods used in the study a comparative analytical and scientific synthesis occupies an important place. This paper shows the diversity and characteristics of natural monuments of the Republic of Tatarstan. We have determined the tourist and recreational potential (Gabdrakhmanov N.K., Vladimir, Rubtzov; Marat, Mustafin, 2014, p.247-253; Gabdrakhmanov N.K., Roshko, Mikhail, 2014, p.267-271) of the natural monuments of an individual region of Russia. We have assessed the prospects for the use of natural monuments with the development of new tourism destinations in the republic. In this paper, we have conducted a spatial analysis of the distribution and development of natural monuments in the region, identified natural monuments with the greatest tourist potential, analyzed some of the historical events that had contributed to the creation of natural monuments and determined their diversity. Unlocking the potential of natural monuments allows achieving a significant growth of tourist flows into the country and implementing various activities aimed at preservation of natural and landscaped areas. This development will enable a vast multilingual audience to read and join in the project of conservation of the native nature, to look from the new position at one of the economically emerging and well-known in the international arena huge republic. The development of this area will be also relevant for the youth of the Republic of Tatarstan in the implementation of the Republican target environmental education strengthening programme

New EPR (or ESR) data on Urzhumian Stratotype section rocks - Enviroments and geochemical trends

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of rock powders is used as an exploration technique for the recognition the geochemical heterogeneity of Tatarian stage in regional Permian scale) in Volga river region. The EPR signal intensities measured by EPRSCAN program using Al2O3 with Cr3+ (S=3/2) as standard. A lot of EPR parameters have been detected from rock powders: E'(g=2.0005 - quartz), Mn2+ (carbonates), (dolomite), Fe3+, SO2-, SO3-, Rorg. It was revealed remarkable variation of these parameters along the stratotypical Urzhumian section due to sedimentation and diagenesis of rocks. Seven typical mineralogical compositions have been determined by EPR signals composition: 1) calcite; 2) calcite and ferromagnetic minerals; 3) calcite and dolomite; 4) calcite, dolomite and ferromagnetic minerals; 5) calcite and ferromagnetic minerals; 5) dolomite and ankerite; 6) quartz and ferromagnetic minerals. It was demonstrated and estimated the distribution of these compositions within section in comparing with magnetic susceptibility change and variations of ratio Sr/Ba. It was selectively proved the palaeogeographic trend of sedimentary basin evolution from marine to continental environments and influence of late diagenetic processes on rocks formation

Wind power potential of the volga federal district and rationale of the use of low-power wind-driven power-plants

Russia there was developed an energy strategy for the development of the country until 2030, where it has also paid attention to the development of wind power engineering. This paper describes the wind conditions in the vast territory of the Volga Federal District and considers the possibility of using wind energy with a uniform measurement material, as well as evaluates the wind power potential of the Volga Federal District. The paper discusses the wind regime in the territory of the Volga Federal District using time series of mean monthly wind speeds at 183 meteorological stations in the period 1966-2009. There were analyzed the mean values, measures of variability, anomalies of wind speeds, linear trends, correlations between points, etc. We have revealed an inhomogeneous distribution of the mean monthly wind speeds (MMWS) in the territory, and the general trend of lowering wind flows. The wind power potential of the Volga Federal District in the atmosphere layer of 10-150 m was assessed. The analysis led to the conclusion that one of the priority directions of development of wind power in the near future will be a stand-alone use of small and medium-sized wind-driven power plants in remote areas where the population density is low, there is no large electrical networks, and it is appropriate to use wind-powered generating plants for energy supply purposes