Composição de aminoácidos de gerações precoces de feijão obtidas a partir de cruzamentos com parental de alto teor de metionina Amino acid composition in common bean of early generations developed from cross with high methionine content parental

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição de aminoácidos de gerações precoces de feijão, obtidas a partir de cruzamentos com parental de alto teor de metionina, e selecionar plantas F2 para o desenvolvimento de populações segregantes com alto teor de metionina. A partir do cruzamento entre BRS Valente e IAPAR 44 foram obtidas as gerações F1, F1 recíproco, F2, F2 recíproco, retrocruzamento 1 e retrocruzamento 2. Os aminoácidos foram quantificados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) e os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e de variáveis canônicas. Os aminoácidos - ácido aspártico, ácido glutâmico, glicina, prolina, tirosina, cisteína, metionina e treonina - apresentaram variabilidade genética. Gerações precoces com alto teor de metionina foram obtidas sem que tenha havido limitação na disponibilidade dos demais aminoácidos essenciais. As duas primeiras variáveis canônicas explicaram 99,28% da variação total dos genótipos e três grupos foram formados. Plantas da geração F2 poderão ser selecionadas pelo programa de melhoramento para o desenvolvimento de populações segregantes de feijão com alto teor de metionina.<br>The objective of this research was to determine the amino acid composition in common bean early generations developed from controlled crossings with high methionine content parental, and to select F2 plants with high methionine content. BRS Valente and IAPAR 44 were crossed and the F1, F1 reciprocal, F2, F2 reciprocal, backcross 1 e backcross 2 generations were obtained. The amino acid contents were determinated by liquid chromatography of high performance (CLAE) and the data were submitted to analysis of variance and cannonical variables. Aspartic acid, glutamatic acid, glycine, proline, tyrosine, cysteine, methionine and threonine contents showed variability among genotypes. Early generations were obtained with high methionine content and essential amino acids contents were appropriate for consume. The first two cannonical variables explained 99.28% of the total variation of genotypes and three groups were formed. Plants of the F2 generation are able to be selected by breeding program for the development of segregation populations of common bean with high methionine content

Biochemical characterisation of a glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger produced by solid-state fermentation

In this work, glucoamylase was produced by Aspergillus niger in solid-state fermentation. The enzyme was partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion exchange and gel filtration chromatographies. Its molecular mass was estimated as 118.17 kDa by electrophoresis. The partially purified enzyme had an optimum pH range of 4.5-5.0 and an optimum temperature of 60 °C, with average activity 152.85 U mL-1. Thermal and pH stability assays with the crude extract showed that more than 60 % of the activity remained at pH 4.6 and 60 °C, even after an exposition to these conditions longer than 24 h. Yet, after purification, the enzyme was stable at these for at least 4 h, which indicated that its purification for use in starch saccharification was inadvisable. K M and Vmax were 0.34 mg mL-1 and 160.22 U mL-1, respectively