46 research outputs found
Estabilidade de deoxinivalenol no processamento de biscoitos integrais.
Os produtos integrais estão cada vez mais integrados na dieta dos consumidores devido a presença da fração de farelo que concentra compostos fenólicos e antioxidantes, entretanto essa fração também pode conter micotoxinas. As micotoxinas são compostos tóxicos, prejudiciais à saúde e indesejáveis em alimentos. Dentre os ontaminantes do trigo, a micotoxina deoxinivalenol (DON) é considerada a mais prevalente. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a estabilidade de DON no processamento de biscoitos integrais. Cinco amostras de trigo comercial, safra 2017/18, naturalmente contaminadas por Fusarium spp., foram fornecidas pela Embrapa Trigo de Passo Fundo/RS. Os biscoitos foram elaborados de acordo com Protonotariou et al. (2016) com modificações, utilizando farinha, açúcar e gordura. Os biscoitos foram assados em forno elétrico à 190 °C por 12 min. A detecção de DON foi feita através do ensaio imunoenzimático ELISA e os valores comparados pelo teste de Tukey (p≤0,05). A produção dos biscoitos reduziu significativamente a contaminação de DON em todas as amostras, variando entre 15% e 94%. Dois produtos estavam em conformidade com a legislação brasileira (750 ppb). A redução da contaminação por DON pode ter ocorrido pelo efeito de diluição através dos ingredientes adicionados, assim como pela temperatura de forneamento aplicada. O processamento de biscoitos mostra-se uma estratégia complementar para reduzir o teor de DON em produtos derivados de trigo. Palavras-chave: micotoxinas, farelo de trigo, farinha de trigo integral, limites máximos tolerados, ELISA
Deoxynivalenol reduction through the processing of whole grain cookies
Whole-grain products are increasingly integrated into consumers diets due to the presence of the bran fraction that concentrates phenolic and antioxidant compounds. However, the bran may also contain mycotoxins, toxic compounds, harmful to health and undesirable in food. For wheat, the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most prevalent. The objective of this work was to evaluate the reduction of DON after the processing of whole wheat cookies. Five commercial wheat, harvest 2017/18, naturally contaminated by Fusariumspp. with DON content higheror as established to Brazilian legislation (1000 ppb), were provided by Embrapa Trigo from Passo Fundo/RS. The cookies were baking mostly using flour, sugar and fat. The detection of DON was performed using the ELISA immunoenzymatic assay. Cookie production reduced the contamination of DON in the samples, and two products were in compliance with Brazilian legislation. The reduction of contamination by DON may have occurred due to the dilution effect by the ingredients in samples1 and 3. The reduction of contamination by DON of the other samples (2, 4 and 5) was attributed to thermal degradation due to the baking temperature. Cookie processing is a complementary strategy to reduce the DON content in wheat product
Brazilian Cerrado wheat: Technological quality of genotypes grown in tropical locations.
Brazilian Cerrado wheat has emerged as an alternative to expand a new agricultural frontier in tropical areas. In this study, technological quality of 34 samples grown in five locations situated in the Cerrado Mineiro was evaluated in terms of their grain, flour, and starch properties. Damaged starch was positively (p < .05) correlated with Single Kernel Characterization System parameters (r = 0.578) and pasting properties (r = 0.761), and negatively (p < .05) correlated with enthalpy (r = −0.400) and relative crystallinity (r = −0.379). The irrigation system strongly influenced the starch characteristics, rheological, and pasting properties. Piumhi location showed the highest mean of resistant starch (0.80 g/100g), bringing an interesting prebiotic appeal to these samples. Gluten index (mean = 90.6) and damaged starch (mean = 5.0%) values showed that genotypes present suitable standards for bakery products. This pioneering study highlights promising agronomic materials for cultivation in the Brazilian Cerrado region, which has great potential to produce tropical wheat. Practical applications Wheat is the second most significant staple grain after maize, constituting a strategic role in food security to the world economy. In Brazil, more than 90% of wheat is grown in traditional areas that include subtropical climates. In this scenario, Brazilian Cerrado has been standing out as a potential region for wheat cultivation to produce improver wheat class that is the main consumer-driven market. Wheat culture has been adapted under Cerrado conditions after massive investments regarding genetic improvement and integrated soil?water? nutrient? plant practices that allow high grain productivity. Thus, the characterization of wheat grain associated with flour rheological evaluation and starch profile is effective in predicting processing behavior and applicability in different bakery products. The results showed that irrigation system strongly influenced the rheological and pasting properties of starch. These samples showed suitable contents of dry gluten 11%?14%) and damaged starch (4.5%) for bakery products development
TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF WHEAT LINEAGES CULTIVATED IN THE CERRADO MINEIRO
Hydration properties and arabinoxylans content of whole wheat flour intended for cookie production as affected by particle size and Brazilian cultivars.
The effect of particle size (PS), cultivars (C), and their interactions (PS × C) on the hydration of whole wheat flour (WWF) intended for cookie production was evaluated by different approaches. Three Brazilian wheat cultivars and three particle sizes were evaluated. Total arabinoxylans content was affected by PS, increasing up to 6.18 times with the reduction in particle size. Water-soluble arabinoxylans were more influenced by the cultivar. The water absorption capacity by farinograph indicated that the PS had a greater influence, with high absorption in fine particle size flour. Water absorption based on swelling capacity and absorption kinetics by Enslin-Neff device evidenced high water absorption for coarse particle size flour, regardless the cultivar. ORS Vintecinco cultivar demonstrated the best hydration properties and desired quality for short-dough cookies. The different methods to predict the hydration properties of the flours resulted in different behaviors, demonstrating that the presence of outer layers of the grain of WWF promotes distinct mechanisms in the water absorption capacity, which are significantly influenced by genotype and particle size factors
Diagnóstico de perdas qualitativas e quantitativas no armazenamento de trigo.
A produção de grãos no Brasil apresentou crescimento exponencial nas últimas décadas, demandando estruturas e manejos adequados na etapa de armazenamento, visando manter a qualidade dos produtos colhidos e reduzir as perdas. A determinação de índices de perdas quantitativas, o diagnóstico da presença de contaminantes, a caracterização da aptidão tecnológica e a indicação de boas práticas no armazenamento de trigo, são importantes para obtenção de um alimento seguro, além de manter a qualidade e a eficiência na cadeia produtiva. O documento técnico ?Diagnóstico de perdas qualitativas e quantitativas no armazenamento de trigo?, tem por objetivo apresentar diagnóstico da qualidade tecnológica e dos contaminantes detectados no trigo durante dez meses de armazenamento em silos metálicos e de alvenaria, visando apresentar panorama representativo do armazenamento comercial de trigo no Brasil. Nesta publicação foram reunidas as contribuições de equipe multidisciplinar e multi-institucional, abrangendo diferentes indicadores de qualidade: tipo e classe de trigo; características físico-químicas, reológicas e de panificação; presença de fungos; micotoxinas; infestação de insetos-praga; presença de fragmentos de insetos na farinha; quebra técnica e fator de compactação no armazenamento. A Embrapa e todas as instituições participantes esperam que o diagnóstico apresentado neste documento forneça informações importantes para orientar investimentos em infraestrutura e equipamentos, estabelecer boas práticas no armazenamento, promover ações de capacitação, bem como, para implementar políticas públicas, para minimizar as perdas no armazenamento de trigo. Osvaldo Vasconcellos Vieira Chefe-Geral da Embrapa Trigobitstream/item/215308/1/DocOnline-186-Casiane-completo.pd