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Quinolines and Quinolones as Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antivirulence, Antiviral and Anti-parasitic Agents
Infective diseases have become health threat of
a global proportion due to appearance and
spread of microorganisms resistant to majority
of therapeutics currently used for their treatment.
Therefore, there is a constant need for
development of new antimicrobial agents, as
well as novel therapeutic strategies.
Quinolines and quinolones, isolated from
plants, animals, and microorganisms, have
demonstrated numerous biological activities
such as antimicrobial, insecticidal, antiinflammatory,
antiplatelet, and antitumor. For
more than two centuries quinoline/quinolone
moiety has been used as a scaffold for drug
development and even today it represents an
inexhaustible inspiration for design and development
of novel semi-synthetic or synthetic
agents exhibiting broad spectrum of
bioactivities. The structural diversity of
synthetized compounds provides high and
selective activity attained through different
mechanisms of action, as well as low toxicity
on human cells. This review describes quinoline
and quinolone derivatives with
antibacterial, antifungal, anti-virulent,
antiviral, and anti-parasitic activities with the
focus on the last 10 years literature