Propagation of Platanus acerifolia Willd, by cutting

The purpose of this work was to study the behaviour of Platanus acerifolia Willd. to propagation by cuttings. Over three consecutive years, rooting responses were evaluated in cuttings collected on different dates, treated with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at different concentrations as hydro-alcoholic solutions, powder preparations or potassium salts, and exposed to bottom-heat for different periods of time. A high natural rooting capacity was observed, particularly in cuttings collected in December and January. Auxin treatments at concentrations between 0.025-6 mg ml -1, applied to cuttings planted in bottom-heated benches, were unsuccessful or had negative effects on the rooting of cuttings, while they appeared to be positive if applied to cuttings planted in the field. Bottom-heat enhanced the rooting of cuttings and its effect was directly related to the duration of treatment. Cutting survival was negatively influenced by prolonged heat treatment, while pre-treatment with bottom-heat for only 10 d appeared to improve the rooting of cuttings planted in the field. The most suitable procedure derived from this work, giving approx. 60-70% cutting establishment, consisted of collecting cuttings in December, treating them with IBA at 2 mg ml-1 and with bottom-heat for 10 d, then planting them in the field

The micropropagation of Platanus acerifolia Willd

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the behaviour of the plane tree (Platanus acerifolia) to micropropagation. Four clones (12-MS, C1, S-PM, 21-MS) obtained from plants selected in the city of Rome (Italy) for their presumed resistance to the Ceratocystis fimbriata, agent of canker stain, were tested. The effects of different culture medium mineral components (SH, DKW, MS, QL, WPM), different treatments with cytokinin (BA, TDZ, 2ip, Kinetin, adenine sulphate), carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and auxin (IBA, NAA) were studied. In general, the culture fresh weight and the formation of axillary shoots, even with some differences among the tested clones, were higher with the SH, DKW and MS mineral components. The most effective cytokinin was BA at the concentration of 0.4 mg l-1. The combination sucrose-glucose- fructose sometimes appeared more effective on culture growth than Sucrose alone. Shoot rooting, in the presence of IBA at concentrations of 0.5-1.0 mg l -1, reached 100% on three of the clones (C1, S-PM, 21-MS), while on the fourth (12-MS), where the natural rooting capacity was very high, the auxinic treatment did not modify rooting response in comparison to the control. Plantlet acclimatization, performed in the spring period, did not point to any particular problems and plantlet survival was always higher than 95%. In general, the results of this work demonstrate that, with a suitable set up of experimental procedure for the specific genotype, micropropagation can also be effective for Platanus acerifolia as a technique for rapid vegetative propagation

Enraizamento de estacas de Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Parl. em cinco substratos com uso de ácido indolbutírico Rooting of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Parl. cuttings with indolbutyric acid in five media

Com o objetivo de determinar o melhor substrato disponível na região para o enraizamento de estacas de Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Parl., utilizaram-se os substratos vermiculita fina, casca de arroz carbonizada, areia e as misturas casca de arroz carbonizada + vermiculita fina e areia + vermiculita fina (1:1 v/v). O experimento foi realizado em estufa do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel/Universidade Federal de Pelotas, no período de maio a setembro de 1997, sob nebulização intermitente. Foram empregadas estacas apicais com 15cm de comprimento, submetidas ao tratamento com ácido indolbutírico (AIB) na concentração de 10.000ppm. Foram efetuadas as seguintes avaliações: número de raízes por estaca, peso da matéria seca das raízes, comprimento da maior raiz por estaca e percentual de estacas enraizadas. Os resultados mostraram que dos substratos testados e com a concentração de AIB utilizada, a vermiculita fina apresentou os melhores resultados, com 99% das estacas enraizadas, maior número raízes por estaca (15), maior comprimento de raiz (12cm) e maior peso da matéria seca das raízes (0,04g).<br>To determine the best medium available in Pelotas, RS, for rooting of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Parl. cuttings, the media fine vermiculite, carbonized rice hull, sand, carbonized rice hull + fine vermiculite and sand + fine vermiculite (1:1 v/v) were used. This experiment was carried out in a glass greenhouse with intermitent mist at the Plant Science Department of Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel/Universidade Federal de Pelotas, from May to September 1997. Apical cuttings 15cm long were treated with indolbutyric acid (IBA) at 10.000ppm. The following evaluations were made: number of roots per cutting, weight of root dry matter, length of the longest root per cutting, and rooted cutting percentage. The results show that the vermiculite medium, with the IBA concentration utilized, is the most suitable for the rooting of C. lawsoniana cuttings, with 99% of rooting, greater number of roots per cutting (15), greater length of roots (12cm) and greater weight of root dry matter (0.04g)

Substratos para cultivo de feijoeiro em vasos com fertirrigação Substrates for common bean grown in flowerpots with fertirrigation

Considerando a necessidade de se identificar um substrato apropriado para o cultivo de feijoeiro em vasos - objetivo deste trabalho - foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos em casa-de-vegetação, durante o ano de 2005, com a cultivar de feijoeiro TPS Nobre. Sete substratos foram avaliados: Plantimax®, casca de arroz carbonizada, vermiculita, areia, casca de arroz carbonizada + 20% de Plantimax®, casca de arroz carbonizada + 20% de vermiculita e casca de arroz carbonizada + 20% de areia. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Os nutrientes foram fornecidos semanalmente por fertirrigação e a água foi adicionada de maneira a ser reposto o volume consumido. Nos substratos avaliados constataram-se características químicas e físicas diferenciadas. Caracterizou-se o substrato comercial Plantmax® pela elevada capacidade de troca de cátions (30,6 cmol c L-1) e maior capacidade de armazenamento de água por unidade de volume, o que contribuiu para a superioridade na produção de fitomassa seca das plantas e dos componentes do rendimento de grãos de feijão. O substrato comercial Plantmax® é apropriado para o cultivo de feijoeiro em vasos com o uso de fertirrigação.<br>The objective of this paper was to identify an appropriate substrate for common bean grown in flowerpots. The experiments were carried out in a green house during 2005, with the TPS Nobre common bean cultivar. Seven substrates were evaluated: Plantimax®, carbonized rice husks, vermiculite, sand, carbonized rice husks + 20% of Plantimax®, carbonized rice husks + 20% of vermiculite and carbonized rice husks + 20% of sand. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications. The nutrients were supplied weekly to fertigation and the water was added to refill the consumed volume. The evaluated substrates had different chemical and physical characteristics. The commercial substrate Plantmax® was characterized by high cations capacity exchange (30.6 cmol c L-1) and the highest water storage capacity per volume unit, which contributed for the higher dry matter yield of the plants and for common bean grains yield components. Therefore, we concluded that commercial substrate Plantmax® is appropriate for the common bean cultivation in flowerpots with fertigation

Crescimento de mudas de gipsofila em diferentes substratos Development of young plants of gypsophila in different substrates

Dentro da horticultura um dos ramos que tem se expandido nos últimos anos é a floricultura, em função de sua rentabilidade. Neste sentido, o estudo e uso dos substratos para produção de mudas torna-se de grande importância, pois da qualidade da muda depende o resultado do produto final. Considerando que a qualidade de um substrato é o resultado de suas propriedades químicas e físicas, efetuou-se a caracterização dos mesmos. Este experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento de plantas de Gypsophila paniculata cv. Bristol Fairy em diferentes substratos. Os tratamentos (seis substratos) foram dispostos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com quatro repetições. Cada parcela constou de 22 plantas, totalizando 588 mudas. Nos substratos, foram efetuadas as análises físico-químicas: densidade seca, porosidade total, espaço de aeração, água disponível, água facilmente disponível, pH, condutividade elétrica e capacidade de troca de cátions. As avaliações nas plantas foram realizadas semanalmente (7-35 dias) e constituíram-se da taxa de sobrevivência, volume de raízes, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e da raiz. Os resultados indicaram que a característica disponibilidade de água otimiza a aclimatização de Gypsophila paniculata. Os melhores resultados para produção de mudas foram obtidos com os substratos FE1 (perlita + turfa) e FE4 (casca de pinus + perlita + turfa).<br>Floriculture is one of the branches in horticulture that has expanded in the last years because of its profitability. The study and the use of substrates for producing young plants are important, once the gypsophila production depends on young plants quality. Considering that the quality of a substrate is the result of its chemical and physical properties, the characterisation of these properties was made. This trial was carried out to evaluate the growth of Gypsophila paniculala cv. Bristol Fairy plants in different substrates. The experimental design was a randomised complete blocking split-plot scheme with six treatments (substrates) and four replicates. Each plot consisted of 22 plants, totalizing 588 young plants. The following physical chemical analyses were performed: dry density, total porosity, aeration space, available water, water easily available, pH, electric conductivity and cations capacity change. Plant development was evaluated on a weekly basis and the following parameters were measured: survival rate, root volume, fresh and dry matter of aerial part and root. Substrates with higher levels of water easily available optimised the Gypsophila paniculata acclimatization. The best results for young plants production were obtained with the substrates FE1(perlite + peat) and FE4 (pine of husks + perlite + peat)