Transformation Fava Beans by Agrobacterium using Chitinase, Glucanase and CryIA (b) genes

In this study two plasmid vectors that are appropriate for plant transformation were made by preparation of gene cassettes for β-1, 3-glucanase from barley, chitinase from bean and cryIA (b) from Bacillus thuringiensis (BT). Each of these genes were cloned under the control of the CaMV35S  promoter and the Nos terminator in pBI121 binary vector. pBI-Chi  and pBI-Glu and recombinant plasmid vectors were constructed via cloning of chitinase , β-1,3- glucanase and cryIA (b) genes, respectively, instead of the gus gene in T-DNA region of pBI121 vector. Construction of pBI-ChiGlu recombinant plasmid vector was performed by means of cloning both of the complete chitinase and glucanase gene cassettes in pBI121 vector, with the intention of production synergistic effects against fungal infection.pBI-ChiBt  recombinant plasmid vector containing both of the complete chitinase and Bt gene cassettes was also constructed in order to contemporaneous plants resistance to pest pathogens and fungal in a single transformation event. pBI-ChiGlu and pBI-ChiBt that have been  introduced into the A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 that was subsequently used for  transformation. Results indicate that embryogenic calli are well appropriate as objective material for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in Faba bean.Seventeen well established shoots  were transferred to new MLS medium including suitable  antibiotics.Finally six independent transgenic plants were successfully rooted on kanamycin-containing  selection media and then transferred to soil after 20 days .Four plants out of six putative transgenic plants displaied to contain the end part of the chit transgene and nos terminator.The corresponding  piece, 700 bp of the chit gene, was amplified using specific primer.These putative transgenic plants were also be measured for the presence of the bgn13.1 and cryIA (b) genes by PCR using specific primers.Two  pieces with expected sizes (1221 bp and 640 bp) for bgn13.1 and cryIA (b) genes subsequently was amplified from three the transgenic plants and other three plants had not these fragments.A group of virG primers was used to discover Agrobacterium pollution that might have threw off the selection. Expression of chit , and β-1,3-glucanase genes at the transcriptional level in the transformed plants were proven by means of RT-PCR but expression of cryIA(b)was not proven.The expected dimension of the amplified cDNA pieces were identificated in the transformed plants,that confirming the permanent annexation and expression of T-DNA in the genome of kanamycin-screened plants

Enhanced cell immune responses to hepatitis c virus core by novel heterologous DNA prime/lambda nanoparticles boost in mice

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a worldwide problem which does not have an effective vaccine and more than 170 million people worldwide are chronically infected by HCV. T cell responses are associated with spontaneous clearance of HCV infection. We report here the development of recombinant Lambda bacteriophage nanoparticles encoding HCV Core antigen. The aim of this study was to investigate the antigen-specific immune responses triggered in mice by different prime-boost combinations of DNA and Lambda phage nanoparticles encoding the HCV Core. The homologous prime/boost with recombinant Lambda nanoparticles induced higher levels of cellular and humoral immune response than the DNA vaccines. However, a heterologous prime/boost of HCV Core protein, using DNA vaccine priming followed by Lambda boost, induced highest level of lymphocyte proliferation, CD8 lymphocytes with cytotoxic function, and shifting the immune response toward a T helper (Th1) pattern and in overall improved immunity. Our study provides a new, safe, and effective vaccine for the prime-boost regimen which augments robust immunity and highlights novel promising strategies in HCV vaccine development. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media