Metodologia de elaboração de mapas dos cenários climáticos futuros do terceiro relatório do IPCC para o Brasil.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um banco de dados de informações sobre o clima dos cenários futuros, utilizando um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (GIS). Cenários futuros centrados nas décadas de 2020, 2050 e 2080, do (cenários A2 e B2), foram obtidos a partir dos Modelos de Circulação Geral (GCM) disponíveis no Data Distribution Centre do Terceiro Relatório de Avaliação (TAR) do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC). A TAR é composta por seis GCM com diferentes resoluções espaciais (ECHAM4: 2,8125 × 2,8125 º, HadCM3: 3,75 × 2,5 º, CGCM2: 3,75 × 3,75 º, CSIROMk2b: 5,625 × 3,214 º, e CCSR / NIES: 5,625 × 5,625 º) . A média aritmétrica dos modelos disponíveis foi realizada as ferramentas de análise espacial (operação aritmética) do SIG. Mapas de médias mensais de temperatura média, temperatura mínima, temperatura máxima, precipitação, umidade relativa e radiação solar foram elaboradas adotando a resolução espacial de 0,5 ° x 0,5 ° latitude e longitude. O método de elaboração de mapas, utilizando ferramentas de SIG permitiu avaliar a distribuição espacial e das avaliações climáticas futuras

The Conformal Anomaly in General Rank 1 Symmetric Spaces and Associated Operator Product

We compute the one-loop effective action and the conformal anomaly associated with the product $\bigotimes_p{\cal L}_p$ of the Laplace type operators ${\cal L}_p, p=1,2$, acting in irreducible rank 1 symmetric spaces of non-compact type. The explicit form of the zeta functions and the conformal anomaly of the stress-energy momentum tensor is derived.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe

Análise de tendências de temperatura mínima do Brasil.

A concentração dos gases de efeito estufa vem aumentando consideravelmente nos últimos 150 anos e tem sido considerado como principal causa do aquecimento global no planeta nesse período. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar as tendências de temperatura mínima nas cinco regiões do Brasil. Foram calculadas as temperaturas mínimas mensais e anuais de cada estação por meio da média aritmética dos valores diários e mensais, respectivamente. Calculou-se também a média móvel de cinco anos e o desvio da temperatura mínima em relação a média da temperatura mínima no período de estudo de cada estação meteorológica. As análises dos desvios da temperatura mínima anual, em relação à média da série de dados de cada estação meteorológica analisada, indicaram tendências de aumento significativo nas cinco regiões do país.CBA 2009

No-horizon theorem for spacetimes with spacelike G1 isometry groups

We consider four-dimensional spacetimes $(M,{\mathbf g})$ which obey the Einstein equations ${\mathbf G}={\mathbf T}$, and admit a global spacelike $G_{1}={\mathbb R}$ isometry group. By means of dimensional reduction and local analyis on the reduced (2+1) spacetime, we obtain a sufficient condition on ${\mathbf T}$ which guarantees that $(M,{\mathbf g})$ cannot contain apparent horizons. Given any (3+1) spacetime with spacelike translational isometry, the no-horizon condition can be readily tested without the need for dimensional reduction. This provides thus a useful and encompassing apparent horizon test for $G_{1}$-symmetric spacetimes. We argue that this adds further evidence towards the validity of the hoop conjecture, and signals possible violations of strong cosmic censorship.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, uses IOP package; published in Class. Quantum Gra

Dynamo in the Intra-Cluster Medium: Simulation of CGL-MHD Turbulent Dynamo

The standard magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) description of the plasma in the hot, magnetized gas of the intra-cluster (ICM) medium is not adequate because it is weakly collisional. In such collisionless magnetized gas, the microscopic velocity distribution of the particles is not isotropic, giving rise to kinetic effects on the dynamical scales. These kinetic effects could be important in understanding the turbulence, as so as the amplification and maintenance of the magnetic fields in the ICM. It is possible to formulate fluid models for collisonless or weakly collisional gas by introducing modifications in the MHD equations. These models are often referred as kinetic MHD (KMHD). Using a KMHD model based on the CGL-closure, which allows the adiabatic evolution of the two components of the pressure tensor (the parallel and perpendicular components with respect to the local magnetic field), we performed 3D numerical simulations of forced turbulence in order to study the amplification of an initially weak seed magnetic field. We found that the growth rate of the magnetic energy is comparable to that of the ordinary MHD turbulent dynamo, but the magnetic energy saturates in a level smaller than of the MHD case. We also found that a necessary condition for the dynamo works is to impose limits to the anisotropy of the pressure.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, 274 IAU Symposium: Advances in Plasma Astrophysic

Efeito do número de nós sobre o crescimento inicial de plantas de crajiru (Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) B. Verl.).

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar tipos de estacas e o efeito do número de brotações sobre o crescimento e produção de folhas de crajiru.bitstream/CPAF-RO-2010/12384/1/ct-99-crajiru.pd

Features of collisionless turbulence in the intracluster medium from simulated Faraday Rotation maps

Observations of the intracluster medium (ICM) in galaxy clusters suggest for the presence of turbulence and the magnetic fields existence has been proved through observations of Faraday Rotation and synchrotron emission. The ICM is also known to be filled by a rarefied weakly collisional plasma. In this work we study the possible signatures left on Faraday Rotation maps by collisionless instabilities. For this purpose we use a numerical approach to investigate the dynamics of the turbulence in collisionless plasmas based on an magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) formalism taking into account different levels of pressure anisotropy. We consider models covering the sub/super-Alfv\'enic and trans/supersonic regimes, one of them representing the fiducial conditions corresponding to the ICM. From the simulated models we compute Faraday Rotation maps and analyze several statistical indicators in order to characterize the magnetic field structure and compare the results obtained with the collisionless model to those obtained using standard collisional MHD framework. We find that important imprints of the pressure anisotropy prevails in the magnetic field and also manifest in the associated Faraday Rotation maps which evidence smaller correlation lengths in the collisionless MHD case. These points are remarkably noticeable for the case mimicking the conditions prevailing in ICM. Nevertheless, in this study we have neglected the decrease of pressure anisotropy due to the feedback of the instabilities that naturally arise in collisionless plasmas at small scales. This decrease may not affect the statistical imprint differences described above, but should be examined elsewhere.Comment: 24 pages, 15 figures, MNRAS accepte