Estado atual de degradação das terras nas margens do rio São Francisco nos municípios de Petrolina, Lagoa Grande e Santa Maria da Boa Vista.

O estudo dos solos e ambientes que ocorrem na paisagem nordestina tem assumido indiscutível importância nestas últimas décadas. O acentuado progresso da ciência trouxe novos e fundamentais conhecimentos que permitiram, em poucos anos, detalhar e aprofundar o estudo científico da pedologia a partir da integração de informações sobre o meio ambiente. Atualmente, o grande desafio é equacionar a atividade produtiva com a geração de renda e o desenvolvimento sustentável, compatibilizando interesses ambientais, econômicos e sociais. Para isso, o conhecimento dos recursos naturais é fundamental para qualquer etapa do planejamento e do desenvolvimento sustentável, já que proporciona informações referenciais que ajudam na exploração racional destes recursos, principalmente do solo e da água. O presente texto aborda a situação atual das terras ribeirinhas nos municípios de Petrolina, Lagoa Grande e Santa Maria da Boa Vista, no Estado de Pernambuco, decorrente do uso agrícola e outros impactos antrópicos, visando fornecer subsídios para projetos estruturantes de recomposição da mata ciliar do Rio São Francisco nos referidos municípios. É apresentada a situação atual das terras e os principais problemas relacionados às mesmas

Zoning edaphic for grapevines in the municipality of Santa Maria of Boa Vista-PE.

The goal of this edaphic zoning was to identify the areas with the greatest potential for grapevine growing, in the municipality of Santa Maria da Boa Vista, PE, and thus contribute with the geographical indication of origin for the wines produced in the mentioned municipality. In this zoning, an semi-detailed survey in the 1: 25,000 scale was used as the basic material

Experimento de segmentação de imagens para elaboração do mapa de uso do solo para contribuir com a revitalização do Rio São Francisco nos municípios de Petrolina, Lagoa Grande e Santa da Boa Vista.

A degradação ambiental da Bacia do Rio São Francisco é resultado do desenvolvimento desordenado e sem planejamento estratégico ou integrado e da falta de políticas públicas que considerem a variável ambiental articulada a um desenvolvimento sustentável. A bacia do Rio São Francisco possui pouca cobertura vegetal original, sendo o porcentual de uso do solo intenso e em bases não racionais

Testing of timber-to-timber screw-connections in hybrid configurations

This paper presents the results of an extensive experimental study on the short-term mechanical performance of timber screw connections comprising different types of fasteners (inserted at 45° and 90° to the grain) and different timber products (solid sawn timber, glued laminated timber, cross laminated timber and laminated veneer lumber) made from both softwood and hardwood species. Fifty-eight specimens laid out in fourteen arrangements were tested under quasi-static monotonic loading. The test configurations were meant to reproduce connections used in timber-to-timber hybrid composite structures for applications in both new constructions and retrofit interventions. Result comparisons regarding connection stiffness, strength, static ductility, residual strength and failure mode are presented and discussed. Additionally, the experimental data are used to check the extents of validity of existing analytical approaches (mainly developed for softwoods) to screw connections comprising hardwood elements. Practical aspects concerning screw insertion into hardwood elements are also addressed within the paper

Exploring blueberry aroma complexity by chromatographic and direct-injection spectrometric techniques

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) fruit consumption has increased over the last 5 years, becoming the second most important soft fruit species after strawberry. Despite the possible economic and sensory impact, the blueberry volatile organic compound (VOC) composition has been poorly investigated. Thus, the great impact of the aroma on fruit marketability stimulates the need to step forward in the understanding of this quality trait. Beside the strong effect of ripening, blueberry aroma profile also varies due to the broad genetic differences among Vaccinium species that have been differently introgressed in modern commercial cultivars through breeding activity. In the present study, divided into two different activities, the complexity of blueberry aroma was explored by an exhaustive untargeted VOC analysis, performed by two complementary methods: SPME-GC-MS (solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and PTR-ToF-MS (proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry). The first experiment was aimed at determining the VOC modifications during blueberry ripening for five commercially representative cultivars ("Biloxi," "Brigitta Blue," "Centurion," "Chandler," and "Ozark Blue") harvested at four ripening stages (green, pink, ripe, and over-ripe) to outline VOCs dynamic during fruit development. The objective of the second experiment was to confirm the analytical capability of PTR-ToF-MS to profile blueberry genotypes and to identify the most characterizing VOCs. In this case, 11 accessions belonging to different Vaccinium species were employed: V. corymbosum L. ("Brigitta," "Chandler," "Liberty," and "Ozark Blue"), V. virgatum Aiton ("Centurion," "Powder Blue," and "Sky Blue"), V. myrtillus L. (three wild genotypes of different mountain locations), and one accession of V. cylindraceum Smith. This comprehensive characterization of blueberry aroma allowed the identification of a wide pull of VOCs, for the most aldehydes, alcohols, terpenoids, and esters that can be used as putative biomarkers to rapidly evaluate the blueberry aroma variations related to ripening and/or senescence as well as to genetic background differences. Moreover, the obtained results demonstrated the complementarity between chromatographic and direct-injection mass spectrometric techniques to study the blueberry aroma