Remoção de introdutor arterial pós-intervenção coronária percutânea: médico residente versus enfermeiro especializado Arterial sheath removal after percutaneous coronary intervention: resident versus specialized nurse

OBJETIVO: Comparar os resultados da retirada de introdutor arterial pelo enfermeiro especializado em Unidade de Hemodinâmica e pelo médico residente em Cardiologia Intervencionista em pacientes submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de registro prospectivo em 100 pacientes submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea, no período de setembro a outubro de 2004, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo A (GA) - enfermeiro (n = 48 pacientes) - e Grupo B (GB) - médico residente (n = 52 pacientes). Hematoma pequeno foi definido como inchaço palpável no local da punção menor que 2 cm; hematoma moderado, com 2 a 6 cm de diâmetro; e hematoma grande, maior que 6 cm de diâmetro. A dose de heparina foi de 100 UI/kg. Os introdutores foram retirados após controle do tempo de coagulação ativado (TCA < 180 segundos), e foi realizada compressão manual por 15 minutos. RESULTADOS: A idade dos pacientes foi de 59,54 &plusmn; 11,1 anos (GA) e 61,7 &plusmn; 10,4 anos (GB), com predomínio do sexo masculino (GA = 75% e GB = 58%). Os introdutores foram 7 French. O tempo de compressão manual foi de 19,4 &plusmn; 3,1 minutos no GA e 19,6 &plusmn; 3,1 minutos no GB (P = 0,76). Ocorreram oito hematomas no GA (sete pequenos e um moderado) e nove hematomas no GB (sete pequenos e dois moderados), P = não-significante. Os hematomas foram tratados clinicamente, sem complicações. CONCLUSÃO: A retirada de introdutor arterial, após intervenções coronárias percutâneas, pode ser realizada pelo enfermeiro especializado em Unidade de Hemodinâmica ou pelo médico residente em Cardiologia Intervencionista com segurança e sem complicações maiores.<br>OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of sheath removal by the catheterization lab specialist nurse and by the interventional cardiology resident in patients submitted to a percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS: Prospective study with 100 patients submitted to percutaneous coronary intervention, from September to October 2004, who were divided into two groups: Group A (GA) - nurse (n = 48) and Group B (GB) - resident (n = 52). Small hematoma was defined as a palpable swelling at the access site measuring less than 2 cm; mild hematoma, from 2 to 6 cm in diameter; and large hematoma when it was larger than 6 cm in diameter. The heparin dose was 100 IU/kg. The sheaths were removed after activated coagulation time control (ACT < 180 seconds) and a 15-minute manual compression was used. RESULTS: Patients' age was 59.54 &plusmn; 11.1 (GA) and 61.7 &plusmn; 10.4 (GB) years with a predominance of male patients (GA = 75% and GB = 58%). 7F sheaths were used. Manual compression time was 19.4 &plusmn; 3.1 min for GA and 19.6 &plusmn; 3.1 min for GB (P = 0.76). There were eight hematomas in GA (seven small and one mild) and nine hematomas in GB (seven small and two mild), P = nonsignificant. The hematomas were clinically treated, with no complications. CONCLUSION: Arterial sheath removal, after percutaneous coronary interventions, can be made by the catheterization lab specialist nurse or interventional cardiology resident safely and without major complications

Semicrystalline D-A copolymers with different chain curvature for applications in polymer optoelectronic devices

Thiophene- and thienothiophene-based donor-acceptor (D-A) type semicrystalline copolymers with different backbone curvatures, PTBT14 and PTTBT14, were designed and synthesized. Both the polymers exhibit a nearly planar structure via noncovalent S??????O and C-H??????N attractive interactions, etc., in the polymer chain. PTTBT14 is linear, whereas PTBT14 is curved owing to ???160?? bond angle of the thiophene linkage. PTTBT14 showed the higher degree of interchain ordering with edge-on orientation, resulting in efficient charge transport (0.26 cm2 V-1 s-1 for PTTBT14 compared to 0.02 cm2 V-1 s-1 for PTBT14) in PFETs with remarkable morphological stability and no deterioration in device properties at temperatures up to 250 ??C. On the other hand, the curved shape of PTBT14 attributed to its improved photovoltaic properties with a power conversion efficiency of 5.56%. The linear PTTBT14 showed much stronger self-interactions with negligible morphological changes and little miscibility with PC 61BM, showing the poor photovoltaic characteristics.close2

Vapor coating method using small-molecule organic surface modifiers to replace N-type metal oxide layers in inverted polymer solar cells

We investigate a simple fabrication method for vapor coating small-molecule organic interlayers as replacements for metal oxide films. The interfacial layers, which serve both as both surface modifiers to reduce the substrate work function and electron selective layers, maximize light absorption within the active layer while improving electron transport and compatibility between the active layer and cathode, leading to a ???22% enhancement in power conversion efficiency and similar air stability compared to devices using a ZnO layer.close0