An investigation of intellectual capital impact on companies' market value and financial performace

The main objective of the present study is to measure intellectual capital and investigate its effect on market value and performance measures of 60 Iranian firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from three different industries including pharmaceutical products, chemical products and automobile and parts manufacturing industries during the period of 2009-2012. The obtained results indicated that, in pharmaceutical products and automobile and parts manufacturing industry, market value is significantly and positively affected by IC and its components, except for structural capital efficiency and, moreover, in chemical products industry, IC has not any significant relationship with market value, but, some of its components including human capital efficiency and capital employed efficiency have significantly positive relationship with market value indicator. Regarding IC effect on performance measures, it is worth noting that two performance measures of return on asset (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) are significantly associated to IC and some of its components in all three types of industry especially pharmaceutical products and automobile and parts manufacturing industries. Revenue growth (GR), as another performance measure, is significantly affected by IC and its components only in automobile and parts manufacturing industry. Accordingly, it can be concluded that these observed relationships are moderately affected by industry rype. Keywords: intellectual capital, market value, financial performance, Tehran Stock Exchange

Hormonal intervention for the treatment of veterans with COVID-19 requiring hospitalization (HITCH): a multicenter, phase 2 randomized controlled trial of best supportive care vs best supportive care plus degarelix: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background Therapeutic targeting of host-cell factors required for SARS-CoV-2 entry is an alternative strategy to ameliorate COVID-19 severity. SARS-CoV-2 entry into lung epithelium requires the TMPRSS2 cell surface protease. Pre-clinical and correlative data in humans suggest that anti-androgenic therapies can reduce the expression of TMPRSS2 on lung epithelium. Accordingly, we hypothesize that therapeutic targeting of androgen receptor signaling via degarelix, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) antagonist, will suppress COVID-19 infection and ameliorate symptom severity. Methods This is a randomized phase 2, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial in 198 patients to compare efficacy of degarelix plus best supportive care versus placebo plus best supportive care on improving the clinical outcomes of male Veterans who have been hospitalized due to COVID-19. Enrolled patients must have documented infection with SARS-CoV-2 based on a positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction result performed on a nasopharyngeal swab and have a severity of illness of level 3–5 (hospitalized but not requiring invasive mechanical ventilation). Patients stratified by age, history of hypertension, and severity are centrally randomized 2:1 (degarelix: placebo). The composite primary endpoint is mortality, ongoing need for hospitalization, or requirement for mechanical ventilation at 15 after randomization. Important secondary endpoints include time to clinical improvement, inpatient mortality, length of hospitalization, duration of mechanical ventilation, time to achieve a normal temperature, and the maximum severity of COVID-19 illness. Exploratory analyses aim to assess the association of cytokines, viral load, and various comorbidities with outcome. In addition, TMPRSS2 expression in target tissue and development of anti-viral antibodies will also be investigated. Discussion In this trial, we repurpose the FDA approved LHRH antagonist degarelix, commonly used for prostate cancer, to suppress TMPRSS2, a host cell surface protease required for SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. The objective is to determine if temporary androgen suppression with a single dose of degarelix improves the clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized due to COVID-19. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04397718. Registered on May 21, 202

A Particular Type of Present Perfect Tense in Shahnameh

Abstract The Shahnameh, the precious and eternal epic poem of Ferdosi, in the ocean of Persian literature is a deep and immense sea. It is full of shining pearls of Iranian culture, that studying of them could be used by researchers of Persian language and literature for various dimensions of literary, historical, social, mythical, religious, and linguistics, etc. This subject allocates for little part of linguistic characteristics i.e. present perfect tense and its kinds. Initially the history of research was considered briefly then the patterns of structure of this verb were studying in the language of ancient Persian, middle Persian and Dari Persian. We eventually, according to samples from the Shahnameh, scattered notions of researchers and their adding up, describe a certain kind of present perfect tense which, its history of structure and application in addition to Soghdi, Khwarizmi and Pahlavi languages, could be recognized at some today Iranian dialect

Akt as a potential prognostic marker in neuroendocrine tumors: a possibility?

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The Moderating Effect of Managers' Ability on the Relationship between Tax Avoidance and Firm Value in the Framework of Agency Problems

This research aims to develop a model presented by Park et al. (2015). By studying data from 112 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for nine years ending on 20 March 2021, the new model was tested using the panel regression method. The results show that when the conflict of interests is small, more capable managers will take advantage of the tax avoidance phenomenon in the direction of shareholders’ interests more effectively. According to the results of this research, it can be stated that value creation for shareholders depends on the ability of managers and the conflict of interests between the managers and the owners. This research tries to resolve the shortcomings of the former research in investigating the role of managers’ ability by presenting a new model and enriching the background in this field. Thus, the present study about the conflict of interests between the manager and the owner presents a comprehensive model to investigate the role of managers’ ability. In this research, the role of managers’ ability according to the conflict of interests between the manager and the owner, in the utilization of tax avoidance is particularly considered and modeled to create value for shareholder

Immunohistochemistry and special stains in gastrointestinal pathology practice

Immunohistochemistry and special stains play an increasingly important role in gastrointestinal pathology practice. In neoplastic disorders they are used to confirm the diagnosis, identify prognostic/predictive features, and screen for an underlying genetic syndrome. In nonneoplastic disorders they can identify an infectious organism, clarify the inflammatory infiltrate present, and confirm a tissue deposition. In this review we discuss the most important and topical of these stains, especially ones which require special care in interpretation. It should be emphasized that, in cases with equivocal or unexpected staining patterns, the results should be interpreted in the appropriate clinical, endoscopic and morphologic context

Primary Uterine Cervix Schwannoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Schwannoma (neurilemmoma) is a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor that occurs in a wide variety of locations; however, its finding in the uterine cervix is extremely rare. We report a case of an incidental primary benign cervical schwannoma in a 48-year-old woman. In the English literature, a few cases of primary schwannoma of the cervix have been reported, which include seven cases of primary malignant cervical schwannoma and only two that are benign. These cases are reviewed in the following discussion

Factors Effective on Cost and Profit Efficiencies of Banks based on Data Envelopment Analysis Technique

This research is aimed to measure cost efficiency and profit efficiency of Iranian commercial banks and to investigate the relation of cost efficiency and profit efficiency to some variables of size, capital adequacy ratio, cost to income ratio and profitability. This research is accomplished in two steps: first, cost and profit efficiencies of 10 banks over the period from 2006 to 2010 are calculated using Data Envelopment Analysis technique and then the relation of cost efficiency and profit efficiency to pre-determined variables is investigated utilizing panel data regression. At the first stage, the sample banks are classified into two groups of efficient and inefficient with respect to cost and profit and it is revealed that the investigated banks have more profit efficiency than cost efficiency. Moreover, findings of this research provide inefficient banks with a technique for moving towards efficiency. In fact, the Data Envelopment Analysis technique discovers reference units (among efficient banks) in order to determine optimum cost and profit required for inefficient banks. The results from the second phase of this research indicate that some assumed variables of efficiency including capital adequacy ratio and profitability ratio do not affect significantly the cost efficiency. However, the variables of cost to income ratio and size have significant negative and positive effects on cost efficiency respectively at the 5% level of error, indicating that the banks more willing to control costs are more cost efficient and also the larger banks are more taking advantages of economies of scale. Moreover, other results of this research indicate that except for the profitability variable, none of the other investigated variables, i. e. capital adequacy ratio, cost to income ratio and size have a significant effect on the profit efficiency

Post-transplant relapse of therapy-related MDS as gastric myeloid sarcoma: Case report and review of literature

Introduction: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are hematologic neoplasms characterized by morphologic dysplasia and ineffective hematopoiesis in the bone marrow. The only potentially curative therapy is stem cell transplant. However, relapse remains a major challenge and is seen in about 25–40% of cases. Myeloid sarcoma presenting as relapse post allogeneic transplant for myeloid neoplasms is rare. We report the sentinel case of a patient with MDS who relapsed as gastric myeloid sarcoma 1 ½ years after allogeneic stem cell transplant. Case Presentation: Sixty-nine-year-old male who was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) in 2006 and transitional cell bladder carcinoma in 2008. In 2011, he developed therapy-related myeloid neoplasm t(7;22) and no excess blasts. He was treated with Vidaza followed by a MUD hematopoietic stem cell transplant on 8/24/2012. In 2013 the patient developed anorexia and gastric biopsies showed severe gastritis. Repeat gastric biopsy on 02/05/2014 showed an extensive mononuclear infiltrate which could easily be confused with lymphocytes but staining showed myeloid sarcoma. Marrow was negative. The patient remained refractory to therapy and expired 08/10/2016. Conclusion: In summary, we report the first case of GI relapse of MDS as a myeloid sarcoma post-transplant. We seek to alert our audience of this potentially serious diagnostic pitfall, particularly one that can be relatively easily resolved on the basis of immunohistochemical profiling