56 research outputs found
A critical evaluation of the fish early-life stage toxicity test for engineered nanomaterials: experimental modifications and recommendations
Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
Over a decade has passed since Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) described and defined the time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in adult mammals. These time domains, however, have yet to receive much attention in other vertebrate groups. The initial, acute HVR of fish, amphibians and reptiles serves to minimize the imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. If the hypoxia is sustained, a suite of secondary adjustments occur giving rise to a more long-term balance (acclimatization) that allows the behaviors of normal life. These secondary responses can change over time as a function of the nature of the stimulus (the pattern and intensity of the hypoxic exposure). To add to the complexity of this process, hypoxia can also lead to metabolic suppression (the hypoxic metabolic response) and the magnitude of this is also time dependent. Unlike the original review of Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) that only considered the HVR in adult animals, we also consider relevant developmental time points where information is available. Finally, in amphibians and reptiles with incompletely divided hearts the magnitude of the ventilatory response will be modulated by hypoxia-induced changes in intra-cardiac shunting that also improve the match between O2 supply and demand, and these too change in a time-dependent fashion. While the current literature on this topic is reviewed here, it is noted that this area has received little attention. We attempt to redefine time domains in a more ‘holistic’ fashion that better accommodates research on ectotherms. If we are to distinguish between the genetic, developmental and environmental influences underlying the various ventilatory responses to hypoxia, however, we must design future experiments with time domains in mind
Role of endogenous carbon monoxide in the control of breathing in zebrafish ( Danio rerio
The interactive effects of hypoxemia, hyperoxia, and temperature on the gill morphology of goldfish ( Carassius auratus
Influence of hypoxia and of hypoxemia on the development of cardiac activity in zebrafish larvae
Immunohistochemical localisation of FMRF-amide-like peptide in the brain of icefish and red-blooded Antarctic Teleosts
Cutaneous oxygen uptake in the antarctic icequab, Rhigophila dearborni (Pisces: Zoarcidae)
The aerobic scope of an antarctic fish, Pagothenia borchgrevinki and its significance for metabolic cold adaptation
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