76,591 research outputs found
Quark-based Description of Nuclear Matter with Simulated Annealing
We calculate ground-state properties of a many-quark system in the
string-flip model using variational Monte Carlo methods. The many-body
potential energy of the system is determined by finding the optimal grouping of
quarks into hadrons. This (optimal) assignment problem is solved by using the
stochastic optimization technique of simulated annealing. Results are presented
for the energy and length-scale for confinement as a function of density. These
results show how quarks clustering decreases with density and characterize the
nuclear- to quark-matter transition. We compare our results to a previously
published work with a similar model which uses, instead, a pairing approach to
the optimization problem.Comment: Latex with Revtex, 10 postscript figures (available from the
authors), SCRI-05059
Anaesthetic breathing circuit obstruction due to blockage of tracheal tube connector by a foreign body - two cases
Publisher's copy made available with the permission of the publisher© 1999 Australian Society of AnaesthetistsTwo cases are presented which illustrate the disastrous consequences possible when an anaesthetic breathing circuit is obstructed by a foreign body. Despite reports of previous similar cases, work practices and equipment manufacture or design continue to allow for such events to occur. The importance of both pre-anaesthetic testing of the entire circuit including attachments such as the tracheal tube connector and filters, and the removal of these parts should obstruction occur, is emphasised. Use of “clear” transparent breathing circuit components and opaque or brightly coloured packaging and caps which could potentially cause obstruction should decrease the incidence and facilitate the diagnosis of this problem.M.J. Foreman, D. G. Moye
Completely reducible SL(2)-homomorphisms
Let K be any field, and let G be a semisimple group over K. Suppose the
characteristic of K is positive and is very good for G. We describe all group
scheme homomorphisms phi:SL(2) --> G whose image is geometrically G-completely
reducible -- or G-cr -- in the sense of Serre; the description resembles that
of irreducible modules given by Steinberg's tensor product theorem. In case K
is algebraically closed and G is simple, the result proved here was previously
obtained by Liebeck and Seitz using different methods. A recent result shows
the Lie algebra of the image of phi to be geometrically G-cr; this plays an
important role in our proof.Comment: AMS LaTeX 20 page
Nuclear weak interaction rates in primordial nucleosynthesis
We calculate the weak interaction rates of selected light nuclei during the
epoch of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), and we assess the impact of these
rates on nuclear abundance flow histories and on final light element abundance
yields. We consider electron and electron antineutrino captures on 3He and 7Be,
and the reverse processes of positron capture and electron neutrino capture on
3H and 7Li. We also compute the rates of positron and electron neutrino capture
on 6He. We calculate beta and positron decay transitions where appropriate. As
expected, the final standard BBN abundance yields are little affected by
addition of these weak processes, though there can be slight alterations of
nuclear flow histories. However, non-standard BBN scenarios, e.g., those
involving out of equilibrium particle decay with energetic final state
neutrinos, may be affected by these processes.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
Detector Efficiency Limits on Quantum Improvement
Although the National Institute of Standards and Technology has measured the
intrinsic quantum efficiency of Si and InGaAs APD materials to be above 98 % by
building an efficient compound detector, commercially available devices have
efficiencies ranging between 15 % and 75 %. This means bandwidth, dark current,
cost, and other factors are more important than quantum efficiency for existing
applications. This paper systematically examines the generic detection process,
lays out the considerations needed for designing detectors for non-classical
applications, and identifies the ultimate physical limits on quantum
efficiency.Comment: LaTeX, 7 pages, 3 figure
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