211 research outputs found

    Relatório de pós-doutorado em modelos estatísticos aplicados à interação planta-animal.

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    Identificação do local, área e período de treinamento; Descrição das atividades desenvolvidas e resultados obtidos: Treinamento em análises estatísticas; Modelo para composição da dieta de bovinos; Modelo de deslocamento e seletividade de bovinos em pastagem natural; Modelo não linear para estimativa de concentração máxima de alcanos; Acompanhamento de projeto Dr. Emilio Laca; Elaboração de projetos; Elaboração de artigos e resumos.bitstream/item/61512/1/DT-122.pd

    Considerações para o uso sustentável da pastagem natural com diferentes intensidades de uso.

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    Efeito da quantidade de forragem disponível sobre a produção de fêmeas de corte; Uso de fertilização e sobressemeadura de espécies forrageiras exóticas em pastagem natural.bitstream/item/63693/1/DT95.pd

    Bayesian hierarchical models to improve estimation of diet composition by alkane profiles.

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    Alkane profiles in forage and feces are used to determine diet composition, essentially by inverting a linear mixing equation. Depending on the number of dietary components, number of alkanes and difference in forage profiles, the linear equations can be over or underdetermined. We compared the typical non-negative least squares (NNLS) method against a novel Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM) where diet composition is represented as latent variables modeled with parameters shared by the models for fecal and forage profiles. Forage and fecal profiles were obtained from steers grazing either Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, or Pennisetum purpureum cv. Cameroon at Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. Herbage and fecal samples were collected in the dry and early wet seasons. Herbage was sampled by 20-cm horizons sorted into stem/sheath and leaf blade as dietary components. Feces were collected from 6 animals in the morning and afternoon. Fecal profiles were corrected by faecal recoveries using mean values from the literature. Distributions of diets estimated by NNLS were obtained by Monte Carlo simulation of profiles using parameters and covariance matrices estimated from data. The BHM yielded posterior distributions directly by using Monte Carlo Markov Chains. NNLS resulted in highly variables diets with distributions that were clearly non-normal. BHM resulted in quasi-normal posterior distributions. We conclude that both approaches are better than the normal approach where diet covariances are calculated ad-hoc. The BHM method has the potential to be vastly superior because it allows the simultaneous integration in a formally correct manner, however, convergence can be difficult

    Informações básicas sobre coleta de amostras e principais análises químico-bromatológicas de alimentos destinados à produção de ruminantes.

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    Coleta de amostras: 1. Forrageiras (pastagens, campo nativo); 2. Silagens; 3. Feno e palhas; 4. Amostras de produtos comerciais ou misturas feitas na propriedade (rações, farelos, grãos, resíduos, etc...); Pincipais frações do alimento determinadas em laboratório: 1. Método Weende: Matéria seca, Matéria mineral ou cinzas, Proteína bruta, Extrato etéreo (gordura bruta), Fibra bruta, Extrato não nitrogenado; 2. Método de Goering e Van Soest: Fibra em detergente neutro, Fibra em detergente ácido; 3. Avaliação da digestibilidade dos alimentos: Digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca, Outros métodos de determinação da digestibilidade.bitstream/item/63863/1/DT81.pdfDisponível no formato online

    Associations between tree spacing and features of native grassland grown in silvopastoral systems in Pampa biome.

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    The current study assessed the association of eucalyptus-tree spacing with forest growth and yield, as well as with the floristic composition, diversity and yield of natural grassland grown in silvopastoral systems in Pampa biome. Data were collected in six family cattle- ranching area in Bagé County (RS). The effect of two different genetic materials (seminal-origin Eucalyptus dunnii plant and one Eucalyptus grandis clone) on shading features of plants grown in 3 planting-spacing dimensions (625, 312 and 208 trees ha-1) was assessed, as well as their association with herbaceous extract (bare soil; green cover; forage dry matter; floristic composition; species richness; and grass, legumes and winter - and summer-growth species rates) and forestry (litter accumulation, diameter at breast height, total height and volume per hectare) variables. Planting carried out at the highest tree density (625 trees ha-1) has increased forest yield. However, it reduced green cover, herbaceous extract dry-matter yield and species richness, mainly in grasses and legumes with greater forage potential. Conversely, it is possible combining forestry and animal yield to the preservation of native forage species at low tree densities (204 to 312 trees ha-1)

    Prova de emissão de gases (PEG).

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    Emissão de metano; Como a prova funciona; Resultados preliminares1 fôlder
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