Non-heat related impacts of climate change on working populations

Environmental and social changes associated with climate change are likely to have impacts on the well-being, health, and productivity of many working populations across the globe. The ramifications of climate change for working populations are not restricted to increases in heat exposure. Other significant risks to worker health (including physical hazards from extreme weather events, infectious diseases, under-nutrition, and mental stresses) may be amplified by future climate change, and these may have substantial impacts at all scales of economic activity. Some of these risks are difficult to quantify, but pose a substantial threat to the viability and sustainability of some working populations. These impacts may occur in both developed and developing countries, although the latter category is likely to bear the heaviest burden

Targeted anti-vascular therapies for ovarian cancer: current evidence

Ovarian cancer presents at advanced stage in around 75% of women, and despite improvements in treatments such as chemotherapy, the 5-year survival from the disease in women diagnosed between 1996 and 1999 in England and Wales was only 36%. Over 80% of patients with advanced ovarian cancer will relapse and despite a good chance of remission from further chemotherapy, they will usually die from their disease. Sequential treatment strategies are employed to maximise quality and length of life but patients eventually become resistant to cytotoxic agents. The expansion in understanding of the molecular biology that characterises cancer cells has led to the rapid development of new agents to target important pathways but the heterogeneity of ovarian cancer biology means that there is no predominant defect. This review attempts to discuss progress to date in tackling a more general target applicable to ovary cancer-angiogenesis

A Captive Audience? The Reading Lives of Australian Prisoners of War, 1914–1918

The lived experience of prisoners of war remains one of the least explored realms of First World War history. Despite the unprecedented numbers of captives that the conflict produced, captivity never became part of the cultural memory of the war. It remains, as Heather Jones has recently put it, a ‘missing paradigm’ in First World War studies.1 The absence of the prisoner of war experience from mainstream narratives about the war has, arguably, been especially acute in writings about Australian and New Zealand forces. In many ways, this is not surprising. The number of ANZAC (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps) troops captured in the First World War was small in both absolute and proportional terms. Unlike, say, the Austro-Hungarian army, for which the number of captives taken amounted to more than one in three of the total number of troops mobilised during the war, Australian forces lost only 4044 servicemen captured between 1914 and 1918.2 The experience of captivity in an ANZAC context was, therefore, very much a minority one. Yet there are also ideological and cultural reasons for the marginal status of ANZAC prisoners of war in post-war writing. Life behind the wire, with its boredom, lack of activity, and its insinuation of shame and defeat, bears little relation to the ‘digger’ legend that has become entrenched in the decades since the conflict