13 research outputs found
Periodic Instantons in SU(2) Yang-Mills-Higgs Theory
The properties of periodic instanton solutions of the classical SU(2) gauge
theory with a Higgs doublet field are described analytically at low energies,
and found numerically for all energies up to and beyond the sphaleron energy.
Interesting new classes of bifurcating complex periodic instanton solutions to
the Yang-Mills-Higgs equations are described.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures (in 5 included eps files), ReVTeX (minor typos
corrected and reference added
Semiclassical Study of Baryon and Lepton Number Violation in High-Energy Electroweak Collisions
We make use of a semiclassical method for calculating the suppression
exponent for topology changing transitions in high-energy electroweak
collisions. In the Standard Model these processes are accompanied by violation
of baryon and lepton number. By using a suitable computational technique we
obtain results for s-wave scattering in a large region of initial data. Our
results show that baryon and lepton number violation remains exponentially
suppressed up to very high energies of at least 30 sphaleron masses (250 TeV).
We also conclude that the known analytic approaches inferred from low energy
expansion provide reasonably good approximations up to the sphaleron energy (8
TeV) only.Comment: 23 pages, 18 figures. Phys.Rev.D journal version (two references
added
Instanton propagator and instanton induced processes in scalar model
The propagator in the instanton background in the
scalar model in four dimensions is studied.Leading and sub-leading terms of its
asymptotics for large momenta and its on-shell double residue are calculated
analytically. These results are applied to the analysis of the initial-state
and initial-final-state corrections and the calculation of the next-to-leading
(propagator) correction to the exponent of the cross section of instanton
induced multiparticle scattering processes.Comment: 44 pages, 7 postscript figures, LaTe
Schwinger-Dyson approach to non-equilibrium classical field theory
In this paper we discuss a Schwinger-Dyson [SD] approach for determining the
time evolution of the unequal time correlation functions of a non-equilibrium
classical field theory, where the classical system is described by an initial
density matrix at time . We focus on field theory in 1+1
space time dimensions where we can perform exact numerical simulations by
sampling an ensemble of initial conditions specified by the initial density
matrix. We discuss two approaches. The first, the bare vertex approximation
[BVA], is based on ignoring vertex corrections to the SD equations in the
auxiliary field formalism relevant for 1/N expansions. The second approximation
is a related approximation made to the SD equations of the original formulation
in terms of alone. We compare these SD approximations as well as a
Hartree approximation with exact numerical simulations. We find that both
approximations based on the SD equations yield good agreement with exact
numerical simulations and cure the late time oscillation problem of the Hartree
approximation. We also discuss the relationship between the quantum and
classical SD equations.Comment: 36 pages, 5 figure
Nonequilibrium Evolution of Correlation Functions: A Canonical Approach
We study nonequilibrium evolution in a self-interacting quantum field theory
invariant under space translation only by using a canonical approach based on
the recently developed Liouville-von Neumann formalism. The method is first
used to obtain the correlation functions both in and beyond the Hartree
approximation, for the quantum mechanical analog of the model. The
technique involves representing the Hamiltonian in a Fock basis of annihilation
and creation operators. By separating it into a solvable Gaussian part
involving quadratic terms and a perturbation of quartic terms, it is possible
to find the improved vacuum state to any desired order. The correlation
functions for the field theory are then investigated in the Hartree
approximation and those beyond the Hartree approximation are obtained by
finding the improved vacuum state corrected up to . These
correlation functions take into account next-to-leading and
next-to-next-to-leading order effects in the coupling constant. We also use the
Heisenberg formalism to obtain the time evolution equations for the equal-time,
connected correlation functions beyond the leading order. These equations are
derived by including the connected 4-point functions in the hierarchy. The
resulting coupled set of equations form a part of infinite hierarchy of coupled
equations relating the various connected n-point functions. The connection with
other approaches based on the path integral formalism is established and the
physical implications of the set of equations are discussed with particular
emphasis on thermalization.Comment: Revtex, 32 pages; substantial new material dealing with
non-equilibrium evolution beyond Hartree approx. based on the LvN formalism,
has been adde
ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle
The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma a
Clinical Complexity Domains, Anticoagulation, and Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Report from the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase II and III
Background Clinical complexity is common in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. We assessed the impact of clinical complexity on oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment patterns and major adverse outcomes in a contemporary cohort of AF patients.Methods The GLORIA-AF Phase II and III Registry enrolled newly diagnosed AF patients with at least one stroke risk factor. Among patients with CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score >= 2, we defined four domains of perceived clinical complexity: frail elderly (age >= 75 years and body mass index = 2 of the above conditions. We evaluated the associations between clinical complexity domains and antithrombotic treatment prescription, risk of OAC discontinuation, and major adverse outcomes.Results Among the 29,625 patients included (mean age 69.6 +/- 10.7 years, 44.2% females), 9,504 (32.1%) presented with at least one complexity criterion. Clinical complexity was associated with lower OAC prescription, with stronger associations in frail elderly (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36-0.62) and those with >= 2 complexity domains (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.44-0.57). Risk of OAC discontinuation was higher among frail elderly (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.00-1.69), CKD (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02-1.20), and those with >= 2 complexity domains (HR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.23-1.57). Clinical complexity was associated with higher risk of the primary outcome of all-cause death, thromboembolism, and major bleeding, with the highest magnitude in those with >= 2 criteria (HR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.43-1.86).Conclusion In AF patients, clinical complexity influences OAC treatment management, and increases the risk of poor clinical outcomes. These patients require additional efforts, such as integrated care approach, to improve their management and prognosis