1,454 research outputs found
Excitation of High-Spin States by Inelastic Proton Scattering
This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant PHY 76-84033 and Indiana Universit
Excitation of High-Spin States by Inelastic Proton Scattering
This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant PHY 75-00289 and Indiana Universit
A dynamical chiral bag model
We study a dynamical chiral bag model, in which massless fermions are
confined within an impenetrable but movable bag coupled to meson fields. The
self-consistent motion of the bag is obtained by solving the equations of
motion exactly assuming spherical symmetry. When the bag interacts with an
external meson wave we find three different kinds of resonances: {\it
fermionic}, {\it geometric}, and -resonances. We discuss the
phenomenological implications of our results.Comment: Two columns, 11 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to Physical Review
Melting transition of an Ising glass driven by magnetic field
The quantum critical behavior of the Ising glass in a magnetic field is
investigated. We focus on the spin glass to paramagnet transition of the
transverse degrees of freedom in the presence of finite longitudinal field. We
use two complementary techniques, the Landau theory close to the T=0 transition
and the exact diagonalization method for finite systems. This allows us to
estimate the size of the critical region and characterize various crossover
regimes. An unexpectedly small energy scale on the disordered side of the
critical line is found, and its possible relevance to experiments on metallic
glasses is briefly discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Nucleon Axial Form Factor from Lattice QCD
Results for the isovector axial form factors of the proton from a lattice QCD
calculation are presented for both point-split and local currents. They are
obtained on a quenched lattice at with Wilson
fermions for a range of quark masses from strange to charm. We determine the
finite lattice renormalization for both the local and point-split currents of
heavy quarks. Results extrapolated to the chiral limit show that the
dependence of the axial form factor agrees reasonably well with experiment. The
axial coupling constant calculated for the local and the point-split
currents is about 6\% and 12\% smaller than the experimental value
respectively.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures (included in part 2), UK/93-0
Shell-model calculations of neutrino scattering from 12C
Neutrino reaction cross-sections, , ,
-capture and photoabsorption rates on C are computed within a
large-basis shell-model framework, which included excitations up to
. When ground-state correlations are included with an open
-shell the predictions of the calculations are in reasonable agreement with
most of the experimental results for these reactions. Woods-Saxon radial wave
functions are used, with their asymptotic forms matched to the experimental
separation energies for bound states, and matched to a binding energy of 0.01
MeV for unbound states. For comparison purposes, some results are given for
harmonic oscillator radial functions. Closest agreement between theory and
experiment is achieved with unrestricted shell-model configurations and
Woods-Saxon radial functions. We obtain for the neutrino-absorption inclusive
cross sections: cm for the
decay-in-flight flux in agreement with the LSND datum of
cm; and cm for the decay-at-rest flux, less than the
experimental result of cm.Comment: 19 pages. ReVTeX. No figure
Rapid-response radio observations of short GRB 181123B with the Australia Telescope Compact Array
We introduce the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) rapid-response mode
by presenting the first successful trigger on the short-duration gamma-ray
burst (GRB) 181123B. Early-time radio observations of short GRBs may provide
vital insights into the radio afterglow properties of Advanced LIGO- and
Virgo-detected gravitational wave events, which will in turn inform follow-up
strategies to search for counterparts within their large positional
uncertainties. The ATCA was on target within 12.6 hr post-burst, when the
source had risen above the horizon. While no radio afterglow was detected
during the 8.3 hr observation, we obtained force-fitted flux densities of and Jy at 5.5 and 9 GHz, respectively. Afterglow
modelling of GRB 181123B showed that the addition of the ATCA force-fitted
radio flux densities to the Swift X-ray Telescope detections provided more
stringent constraints on the fraction of thermal energy in the electrons
(log rather than log derived without the inclusion of the ATCA values), which
is consistent with the range of typical derived from GRB afterglow
modelling. This allowed us to predict that the forward shock may have peaked in
the radio band days post-burst, producing detectable radio emission
days post-burst. Overall, we demonstrate the potential for
extremely rapid radio follow-up of transients and the importance of triggered
radio observations for constraining GRB blast wave properties, regardless of
whether there is a detection, via the inclusion of force-fitted radio flux
densities in afterglow modelling efforts.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
A dimensionally continued Poisson summation formula
We generalize the standard Poisson summation formula for lattices so that it
operates on the level of theta series, allowing us to introduce noninteger
dimension parameters (using the dimensionally continued Fourier transform).
When combined with one of the proofs of the Jacobi imaginary transformation of
theta functions that does not use the Poisson summation formula, our proof of
this generalized Poisson summation formula also provides a new proof of the
standard Poisson summation formula for dimensions greater than 2 (with
appropriate hypotheses on the function being summed). In general, our methods
work to establish the (Voronoi) summation formulae associated with functions
satisfying (modular) transformations of the Jacobi imaginary type by means of a
density argument (as opposed to the usual Mellin transform approach). In
particular, we construct a family of generalized theta series from Jacobi theta
functions from which these summation formulae can be obtained. This family
contains several families of modular forms, but is significantly more general
than any of them. Our result also relaxes several of the hypotheses in the
standard statements of these summation formulae. The density result we prove
for Gaussians in the Schwartz space may be of independent interest.Comment: 12 pages, version accepted by JFAA, with various additions and
improvement
Human Galectins Induce Conversion of Dermal Fibroblasts into Myofibroblasts and Production of Extracellular Matrix: Potential Application in Tissue Engineering and Wound Repair
Members of the galectin family of endogenous lectins are potent adhesion/growth-regulatory effectors. Their multi-functionality opens possibilities for their use in bioapplications. We studied whether human galectins induce the conversion of human dermal fibroblasts into myofibroblasts (MFBs) and the production of a bioactive extracellular matrix scaffold is suitable for cell culture. Testing a panel of galectins of all three subgroups, including natural and engineered variants, we detected activity for the proto-type galectin-1 and galectin-7, the chimera-type galectin-3 and the tandem-repeat-type galectin-4. The activity of galectin-1 required the integrity of the carbohydrate recognition domain. It was independent of the presence of TGF-beta 1, but it yielded an additive effect. The resulting MFBs, relevant, for example, for tumor progression, generated a matrix scaffold rich in fibronectin and galectin-1 that supported keratinocyte culture without feeder cells. Of note, keratinocytes cultured on this substratum presented a stem-like cell phenotype with small size and keratin-19 expression. In vivo in rats, galectin-1 had a positive effect on skin wound closure 21 days after surgery. In conclusion, we describe the differential potential of certain human galectins to induce the conversion of dermal fibroblasts into MFBs and the generation of a bioactive cell culture substratum. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Base
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