15 research outputs found

    The Method β€œcut cylinder” for Approximation Round and Cylindrical Shape Objects and Its Comparison with Other Methods

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    A method has been developed to approximate the volumes of cylindrical objects by slices. The method is based on an algebraic formula of circle. It allows to determine the thickness by width of the cylindrical object measured on the current and subsequent slices, which enables the morphometry of histological sections made with unequal pitch. The β€˜β€˜cut cylinder’’ method is compared with other popular approximation methods: unilateral rectangles, trapezoids and reconstructions in the Amira software. A theoretical comparison of approximation methods revealed that an error of less than 5% can be achieved for the unilateral rectangle method with more than 11, and for the trapezoids’ method more than 6 slices. The β€˜β€˜cut cylinder’’ algorithm allows to reproduce the contour of the cylindrical object in the most accurate way with a smaller number of slices - less than 6. In practical application of methods for round objects reconstructed by 6 histological sections with the equal pitch, the method of approximation by trapezoids gives a more accurate results and is easy to apply. In order to determine the thickness of the slice, the trapezoids’ method can be supplemented by a β€œcut cylinder” method, which contains a formula for determining the thickness of the slice by the width. The developed β€œcut cylinder” method allows to obtain data comparable to 3D-reconstruction in the Amira software (FEI, USA), however with a large dispersion for sections with equal pitch. #CSOC1120. Β© 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

    Π₯арактСристика ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ профиля экспрСссируСмых Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²

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    The profile of the expressed genes, phenotype and phagocytic activity of resident macrophages of the liver were studied. It was found that most of the resident liver macrophages were F4/80+, CD68+, CD163+, and CD11b-. Induction of М2 factor phenotypes increased CD86 expression as well as triggered ΠšΠ†67 expression. After activation of Ml and М2 by inducers, resident liver macrophages enhanced the expression of main anti-inflammatory cytokines. Resident liver macrophages showed pronounced phagocytic activity, which faded up to 5 hours after the administration of latex particles, but the addition of inducers of both the Ml and М2 phenotype stimulated phagocytosis during 24 hours.Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ экспрСссируСмых Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ², Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ ΠΈ фагоцитарная Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»Π° Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ F4/80+, CD68+, CD163+, CD lib". ВоздСйствиС Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ М2-Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ экспрСссии CD86 ΠΈ появлСнию экспрСссии ΠšΠ†67. ПослС Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ M1 ΠΈ М2 ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ экспрСссия Π² основном ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π³ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, которая сниТалась ΠΊ 5 часам, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ M1, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ М2 Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° стимулировало Ρ„Π°Π³ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ· Π΄ΠΎ 24 часов послС внСсСния латСксных частиц

    Expression of Metalloproteinases and Type I and III Collagens during Healing of Excisional Skin Wound on the Abdomen and Back in Rats

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    The study was carried out using a novel rat model developed in our laboratory, namely16 mm diameter circular excisional wounds were generated on the abdomen which resulted in minimal scarring. Restoration of the skin integrity was completed by day 60 after the wounding surgery. By this time, regenerates on the abdomen were stronger than on the back (at, respectively, 58 and 17.4 % of the tensile strength of the intact skin at corresponding location) and the ratio of type I and type III collagens in regenerates on the abdomen reached the level of intact skin at the same location. On days 3 to 14, the ratio of Mmp9/Timp1 expression levels on the abdomen was higher than on the back. On days 20 and 30, the Mmp9/Timp1 ratio on the abdomen was identical to the level of intact skin, whereas the increased MMPs expression levels on the back were maintained until day 30. It has been shown for the first time that according to functional and molecular characteristics, wound healing on the abdomen of an adult rat is more similar to complete regeneration than scarring repair of the back skin. Β© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

    Π Π•Π“Π£Π›Π―Π¦Π˜Π― ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ›Π˜Π€Π•Π ΠΠ¦Π˜Π˜ Π“Π•ΠŸΠΠ’ΠžΠ¦Π˜Π’ΠžΠ’ ΠŸΠžΠ‘Π›Π• Π‘Π£Π‘Π’ΠžΠ’ΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠžΠ™ Π Π•Π—Π•ΠšΠ¦Π˜Π˜ ΠŸΠ•Π§Π•ΠΠ˜ КРЫБ

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    Hepatocyte proliferation is the main cellular mechanism of liver regeneration. However, after removal of more than 80 % of the liver mass, a temporary block of hepatocyte proliferation is observed, which may be the cause of impaired regeneration during transplantation and liver resection in the clinical practice. The current study aims to analyze the molecular mechanisms of hepatocyte proliferation impairment after subtotal liver resection in rats. In male Wistar rats, a model of liver regeneration after subtotal resection is reproduced β€” removal of more than 80 % of liver mass. Using the methods of immunohistochemistry, PCR-RT, western blot, possible molecular mechanisms of slowing down the proliferation of hepatocytes were studied. It was found that expression of cyclin D1 and E increased only 30 hours after surgery. Their appearance coincides with the beginning of transcription of genes for Cyclins D1 and E1 at 30 h after surgery. The corresponding increase in concentrations of cyclin D 1 and E proteins is further delayed till 48 h after surgery. These results indicate that, in this particular model, hepatocytes are reluctant to undergo transition between G 0 -and G 1 -phases of cell cycle. We have observed a prolonged decrease in the expression of proto-oncogene C-met (the hepatocyte growth factor receptor-encoding gene Met). We have also observed an increase in expression of the transforming growth factor beta-1 receptor-encoding gene TgfbrII. At the same time, irreversible block of hepatocyte proliferation was prevented by expression of certain factors, notably of the TWEAK/ Fn14 signaling pathway: concentrations of the corresponding proteins in remnant livers have peaked from 24 h to 48 h after surgery. Thus, after subtotal liver resection, the remaining hepatocytes are exposed to a large scope of both mitogenic and antimitogenic factors. Proliferative behavior of hepatocytes in remnant livers is determined by fine balance of these factors. The prevalence of antimitogenic factors in the early period after surgery delays the onset of hepatocyte proliferation. Β© 2018, Human Stem Cell Institute. All rights reserved.ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² являСтся основным ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ. Однако послС удалСния Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 80 % объСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ трансплантации ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π° Π² клиничСской ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ЦСль настоящСго исслСдования - ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ молСкулярныС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² послС ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ Ρƒ крыс. Π£ самцов крыс ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Вистар воспроизвСдСна модСль Ρ€Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ послС ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ - ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 80 % объСма ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² иммуногистохимии, ПЦР-Π Π’ ΠΈ вСстСрн-Π±Π»ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ молСкулярныС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ‹ замСдлСния вступлСния Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ экспрСссия Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ D1 ΠΈ Π•, увСличиваСтся Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 30 Ρ‡., Π° ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ содСрТания ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² происходит Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 48 Ρ‡. послС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π° основании Ρ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ послС Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· G0- Π² G1,-Ρ„Π°Π·Ρƒ митотичСского Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ выявлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ послС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ отмСчаСтся Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ сниТСнной экспрСссии Π³Π΅Π½Π° C-met (с 12 Π΄ΠΎ 48 Ρ‡.), Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ низкая концСнтрация HGF Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ (Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 2, 3 ΠΈ 7 сут.). ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ экспрСссии ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° TGFb, - TgfbrII (Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 6 ΠΈ 30 Ρ‡. послС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ). Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ особСнности Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ процСсса послС ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ вступлСния Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² G1-Ρ„Π°Π·Ρƒ митотичСского Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°. НСобратимому Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² прСпятствуСт активация экспрСссии ряда Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС TWEAK/Fn14-сигнального ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ: наибольшСС количСство ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 24-48 Ρ‡. послС ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π² исслСдованной ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ находятся ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ влияниСм большого спСктра ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ равновСсия Π² Ρ‚Ρƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΡŽ сторону ΠΈ опрСдСляСт ΡΡƒΠ΄ΡŒΠ±Ρƒ Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ послС ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ замСдлСнию вступлСния Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ

    ЭкспрСссия ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π°Π· ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² I ΠΈ III Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈ спинС крыс

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    The study was carried out using a novel rat model developed in our laboratory, namely16 mm diameter circular excisional wounds were generated on the abdomen which resulted in minimal scarring. Restoration of the skin integrity was completed by day 60 after the wounding surgery. By this time, regenerates on the abdomen were stronger than on the back (at, respectively, 58 % and 17.4 % of the tensile strength of the intact skin at corresponding location) and the ratio of type I and type III collagens in regenerates on the abdomen reached the level of intact skin at the same location. On days 3 to 14, the ratio of Mmp9/Timp1 expression levels on the abdomen was higher than on the back. On days 20 and 30, the Mmp9/Timp1 ratio on the abdomen was identical to the level of intact skin, whereas the increased metalloproteinase expression levels on the back were maintained until day 30. It has been shown for the first time that according to functional and molecular characteristics, wound healing on the abdomen of an adult rat is more similar to complete regeneration than scarring repair of the back skin.ИсслСдованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ заТивлСния ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ послС эксцизионной Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 16 ΠΌΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ крысы с ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ минимального Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Ρ†Π° Π² сравнСнии с общСизвСстной модСлью Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° спинС. Показано восстановлСниС прочностных характСристик ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΠΊ 60-ΠΌ суткам послС поврСТдСния: Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π΅ (58% прочности Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Ρ‹Π² ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ контроля), Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° спинС (17.4% ΠΎΡ‚ контроля), Π° ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π° I ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π³Π΅Π½Π° III Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ достигаСт уровня Π² ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом с 3-Ρ… ΠΏΠΎ 14-Π΅ сутки ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ экспрСссии Mmp9 / Timp1 Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ послС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π²ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ спины, Π½Π° 20-Π΅ ΠΈ 30-Π΅ сутки ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅ спины Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ 30-Ρ… суток наблюдали ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ экспрСссии ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ взрослой крысы ΠΏΠΎ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ молСкулярным характСристикам Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ рубцовая рСпарация ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ спины

    Анализ экспрСссии Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²-рСгуляторов воспалСния ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²

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    It has been established that resident macrophages using the example of Kupffer cells and monocytes differ in the profile of expressed genes. The observed differences in gene expression profiles do not allow to consider the resident liver macrophages as purely M2 macrophages or monocytes as purely M1 macrophages. At the same time, a significant proportion of the genes upregulated in Kupffer cells are associated with the normal regulation of liver functions (Arg 1, Flt, iNOs, Kng). In monocytes, a number of genes upregulated in comparison with Kupffer cells include Alox15, Alox12, and Toll-like receptor-encoding genes Tlr2, Tlr4, Tlr7, Tlr8. These represent typical functional genes of macrophages, which supports the view of monocytes as highly specialized blood macrophages.УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŽ экспрСссируСмых Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². Однако это Π½Π΅ позволяСт отнСсти ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΊ М2-ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π°ΠΌ, Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ - ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ с М1-Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ этом Ρƒ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ количСство Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² с ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ экспрСссиСй, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ связаны с рСгуляциСй Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ Π² Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅: Arg1 , Flt , iNos , Kng1 . Π£ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ большоС число Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² с ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° экспрСссиСй: Alox15 , Alox12 , Tlr2 , Tlr4 , Tlr7 , Tlr8 , ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ относятся ΠΊ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²

    Π₯арактСристика ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ профиля экспрСссируСмых Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²

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    The profile of the expressed genes, phenotype and phagocytic activity of resident macrophages of the liver were studied. It was found that most of the resident liver macrophages were F4/80+, CD68+, CD163+, and CD11b-. Induction of М2 factor phenotypes increased CD86 expression as well as triggered ΠšΠ†67 expression. After activation of Ml and М2 by inducers, resident liver macrophages enhanced the expression of main anti-inflammatory cytokines. Resident liver macrophages showed pronounced phagocytic activity, which faded up to 5 hours after the administration of latex particles, but the addition of inducers of both the Ml and М2 phenotype stimulated phagocytosis during 24 hours.Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ экспрСссируСмых Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ², Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ ΠΈ фагоцитарная Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ большая Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»Π° Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ F4/80+, CD68+, CD163+, CD lib". ВоздСйствиС Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ М2-Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ экспрСссии CD86 ΠΈ появлСнию экспрСссии ΠšΠ†67. ПослС Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ M1 ΠΈ М2 ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡŒ экспрСссия Π² основном ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π³ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ, которая сниТалась ΠΊ 5 часам, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ M1, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ М2 Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° стимулировало Ρ„Π°Π³ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ· Π΄ΠΎ 24 часов послС внСсСния латСксных частиц

    ΠœΠžΠ Π€ΠžΠ€Π£ΠΠšΠ¦Π˜ΠžΠΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠΠ― Π₯ΠΠ ΠΠšΠ’Π•Π Π˜Π‘Π’Π˜ΠšΠ ΠœΠΠšΠ ΠžΠ€ΠΠ“ΠžΠ’ Π­ΠœΠ‘Π Π˜ΠžΠΠΠ›Π¬ΠΠžΠ“Πž И ΠœΠžΠΠžΠ¦Π˜Π’ΠΠ ΠΠžΠ“Πž ПРОИБΠ₯ΠžΠ–Π”Π•ΠΠ˜Π―

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    Macrophages of mammals are a heterogeneous population of cells. This applies both to the functional parameters of macrophages and to the sources of their development. The comparative characteristics of macrophages of embryonic origin on the example of Kupffer cells and macrophages of bone marrow origin on the example of macrophages of monocyte derivatives were carried out. Cultures of Kupffer cells and macrophages of monocytic origin were obtained. The phenotype, profile of gene expression of native macrophages activated in direction M1 and M2 was studied. The phenotype of isolated cultures is characterized by methods of immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry. Gene expression was studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Under the influence of inducing factors, the phenotype of two populations of macrophages changes in a similar way: under the influence of M1-factors, the synthesis of CD86 and iNOs is activated in cells, under the influence of M2 - CD163 and Arg1. In Kupffer cells, expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines - il4, il13, is more pronounced, and in macrophages of monocytic origin of pro-inflammatory cytokines - il1b, tnfa, il12a. The induction of the genes of proinflammatory cytokines in Kupffer cells is slower compared to macrophages of monocytic origin. Β© 2018 Human Stem Cell Institute. All rights reserved.ΠœΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ собой Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, различия ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ источников ΠΈΡ… происхоТдСния, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ характСристика ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΌΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происхоТдСния Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² костномозгового происхоТдСния Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² - ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ². Из ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ крыс Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ крыс - ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происхоТдСния. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ экспрСссии Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ М1- ΠΈ М2-ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ². Π€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ„Π»ΡƒΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ. Π­ΠΊΡΠΏΡ€Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡŽ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Под влияниСм ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… популяций ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² измСняСтся сходным ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ: ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ влияниСм М1 Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… активизируСтся синтСз CD86 ΠΈ iNOs, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ влияниСм М2 - CD163 ΠΈ Arg1. Π’ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° экспрСссия Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² - il4, il13, Π° Π² ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π°Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происхоТдСния экспрСссия Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² - il1b, tnfa, il12a. Π˜Π½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠšΡƒΠΏΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π° происходит ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ происхоТдСния

    Analysis of the Expression of Regulator Genes in Kupffer Cells and Monocytes

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    Differences in the gene expression profiles in resident macrophages (in particular, Kupffer cells) and monocytes were revealed. However, these differences in gene expression profiles do not allow considering resident liver macrophages as purely M2 macrophages and monocytes as purely M1 macrophages. At the same time, a significant number of the genes upregulated in Kupffer cells are associated with normal regulation of liver functions (Arg 1, Flt, iNOs, and Kng). In monocytes, the expression of genes Alox15, Alox12, Tlr2, Tlr4, Tlr7, and Tlr8 (typical functional genes of macrophages) was also upregulated in comparison with Kupffer cells. Β© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

    Understanding mechanisms of the umbilical cord-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated recovery enhancement in rat model of limb ischemia

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    Umbilical cord-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MMSCs) are considered as a strong candidate for cell therapy of lower limb ischemia. Sustained calf muscle ischemia with aseptic inflammatory response was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by excision of femoral and popliteal arteries. UC-MSCs were injected into the calf muscle on day 7 after surgery. The animals were sacrificed on days 3, 10, and 30 after transplantation. Animals responded to the transplantation by temporary improvement in their locomotor function as assessed by the rota-rod performance test. Measured size of the lesions was significantly smaller in the experimental group than in the control group at all time points throughout the observation. The transplantation stimulated angiogenic processes on day 10 after transplantation. Living transplanted cells were traced for up to 30 days after transplantation, during which time they migrated to the damaged area to be partially eliminated by host macrophages; none of them differentiated into endothelial or smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. Additionally, the transplantation led to the predominance of activated pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by inhibiting the CD68+ macrophage infiltration and stimulating the CD206+ macrophage activation at the site of injury. A single intramuscular injection of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells reproducibly facilitated recovery of structural and functional properties of surgically ischemized calf muscles in a rat. No differentiation of the transplanted cells in vivo was observed. The transplantation negatively regulated inflammation and enhanced tissue repair chiefly by modulating local patterns of macrophage activation. Β© 2018 Human Stem Cell Institute. All rights reserved
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