17,042 research outputs found
First-principles and model simulation of all-optical spin reversal
All-optical spin switching is a potential trailblazer for information storage
and communication at an unprecedented fast rate and free of magnetic fields.
However, the current wisdom is largely based on semiempirical models of
effective magnetic fields and heat pulses, so it is difficult to provide
high-speed design protocols for actual devices. Here, we carry out a massively
parallel first-principles and model calculation for thirteen spin systems and
magnetic layers, free of any effective field, to establish a simpler and
alternative paradigm of laser-induced ultrafast spin reversal and to point out
a path to a full-integrated photospintronic device. It is the interplay of the
optical selection rule and sublattice spin orderings that underlines seemingly
irreconcilable helicity-dependent/independent switchings. Using realistic
experimental parameters, we predict that strong ferrimagnets, in particular,
Laves phase C15 rare-earth alloys, meet the telecommunication energy
requirement of 10 fJ, thus allowing a cost-effective subpicosecond laser to
switch spin in the GHz region.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figures and one tabl
Improved Approximation Algorithms for Computing k Disjoint Paths Subject to Two Constraints
For a given graph with positive integral cost and delay on edges,
distinct vertices and , cost bound and delay bound , the bi-constraint path (BCP) problem is to compute disjoint
-paths subject to and . This problem is known NP-hard, even when
\cite{garey1979computers}. This paper first gives a simple approximation
algorithm with factor-, i.e. the algorithm computes a solution with
delay and cost bounded by and respectively. Later, a novel improved
approximation algorithm with ratio
is developed by constructing
interesting auxiliary graphs and employing the cycle cancellation method. As a
consequence, we can obtain a factor- approximation algorithm by
setting and a factor- algorithm by
setting . Besides, by setting , an
approximation algorithm with ratio , i.e. an algorithm with
only a single factor ratio on cost, can be immediately obtained. To
the best of our knowledge, this is the first non-trivial approximation
algorithm for the BCP problem that strictly obeys the delay constraint.Comment: 12 page
GRB 970228 Within the EMBH Model
We consider the gamma-ray burst of 1997 February 28 (GRB 970228) within the
ElectroMagnetic Black Hole (EMBH) model. We first determine the value of the
two free parameters that characterize energetically the GRB phenomenon in the
EMBH model, that is to say the dyadosphere energy,
ergs, and the baryonic remnant mass in units of ,
. Having in this way estimated the
energy emitted during the beam-target phase, we evaluate the role of the
InterStellar Medium (ISM) number density (n) and of the ratio between the effective emitting area and the total surface area of the GRB
source, in reproducing the observed profiles of the GRB 970228 prompt emission
and X-ray (2-10 keV energy band) afterglow. The importance of the ISM
distribution three-dimensional treatment around the central black hole is also
stressed in this analysis.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the Proceedings of the Los Alamos
"Gamma Ray Burst Symposium" in Santa Fe, New Mexico, September 8-12 2003 (AIP
Conf. Ser.), CHAPTER: GRB Connection to Supernova
Theory for transport through a single magnetic molecule: Endohedral N@C60
We consider transport through a single N@C60 molecule, weakly coupled to
metallic leads. Employing a density-matrix formalism we derive rate equations
for the occupation probabilities of many-particle states of the molecule. We
calculate the current-voltage characteristics and the differential conductance
for N@C60 in a break junction. Our results reveal Coulomb-blockade behavior as
well as a fine structure of the Coulomb-blockade peaks due to the exchange
coupling of the C60 spin to the spin of the encapsulated nitrogen atom.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, v2: version as publishe
First-principles study of native point defects in Bi2Se3
Using first-principles method within the framework of the density functional
theory, we study the influence of native point defect on the structural and
electronic properties of BiSe. Se vacancy in BiSe is a double
donor, and Bi vacancy is a triple acceptor. Se antisite (Se) is always
an active donor in the system because its donor level ((+1/0))
enters into the conduction band. Interestingly, Bi antisite(Bi) in
BiSe is an amphoteric dopant, acting as a donor when
0.119eV (the material is typical p-type) and as an acceptor when
0.251eV (the material is typical n-type). The formation energies
under different growth environments (such as Bi-rich or Se-rich) indicate that
under Se-rich condition, Se is the most stable native defect independent
of electron chemical potential . Under Bi-rich condition, Se vacancy
is the most stable native defect except for under the growth window as
0.262eV (the material is typical n-type) and
-0.459eV(Bi-rich), under such growth windows one
negative charged Bi is the most stable one.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Effects of R-parity violating supersymmetry in top pair production at linear colliders with polarized beams
In the minimal supersymmetric standard model with R-parity violation, the
lepton number violating top quark interactions can contribute to the top pair
production at a linear collider via tree-level u-channel squark exchange
diagrams. We calculate such contributions and find that in the allowed range of
these R-violating couplings, the top pair production rate as well as the top
quark polarization and the forward-backward asymmetry can be significantly
altered. By comparing the unpolarized beams with the polarized beams, we find
that the polarized beams are more powerful in probing such new physics.Comment: 10 pages, 6 fig
FETNet: Feature exchange transformer network for RGB-D object detection
In RGB-D object detection, due to the inherent difference between the RGB and
Depth modalities, it remains challenging to simultaneously leverage sensed photometric and depth information. In this paper, to address this issue, we propose a Feature
Exchange Transformer Network (FETNet), which consists of two well-designed components: the Feature Exchange Module (FEM), and the Multi-modal Vision Transformer
(MViT). Specially, we propose the FEM to exchange part of the channels between RGB
and depth features at each backbone stage, which facilitates the information flow, and
bridges the gap, between the two modalities. Inspired by the success of Vision Transformer (ViT), we develop the variant MViT to effectively fuse multi-modal features and exploit the attention between the RGB and depth features. Different from previous methods developing from specified RGB detection algorithm, our proposal is generic. Extensive experiments prove that, when the proposed modules are integrated into mainstream RGB object detection methods, their RGB-D counterparts can obtain significant performance gains. Moreover, our FETNet surpasses state-of-the-art RGB-D detectors by 7.0% mAP on SUN RGB-D and 1.7% mAP on NYU Depth v2, which also well demonstrates
the effectiveness of the proposed method
Dynamics of quantum dissipation systems interacting with bosonic canonical bath: Hierarchical equations of motion approach
A nonperturbative theory is developed, aiming at an exact and efficient
evaluation of a general quantum system interacting with arbitrary bath
environment at any temperature and in the presence of arbitrary time-dependent
external fields. An exact hierarchical equations of motion formalism is
constructed on the basis of calculus-on-path-integral algorithm, via the
auxiliary influence generating functionals related to the interaction bath
correlation functions in a parametrization expansion form. The corresponding
continued-fraction Green's functions formalism for quantum dissipation is also
presented. Proposed further is the principle of residue correction, not just
for truncating the infinite hierarchy, but also for incorporating the small
residue dissipation that may arise from the practical difference between the
true and the parametrized bath correlation functions. The final
residue-corrected hierarchical equations of motion can therefore be used
practically for the evaluation of arbitrary dissipative quantum systems.Comment: 12 pages, submitted to PR
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