ВЛИЯНИЕ ДИЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО БАРЬЕРА НА РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ПОЛЯ В ВЫСОКОВОЛЬТНОЙ КОМПОЗИТНОЙ ИЗОЛЯЦИИ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ МАШИН

Introduction. Modern high-voltage systems for composite insulation of electrical machines consist of tape glass mica paper materials (dry or pre-impregnated). The electrical characteristics of a multilayer composite insulation system are determined by both the fractional content of the individual components and their electrophysical properties. Purpose. The analysis of the influence of electrophysical characteristics and thickness (fraction) of the dielectric barrier on the distribution of the electric field in the composite high-voltage insulation of electrical machines. Methodology. Simulation of surface charge accumulation at the interface between the substrate and the dielectric barrier is based on the Maxwell–Wagner theory for interfacial polarization. Practical value. The influence of the electrophysical characteristics and thickness of the dielectric barrier on the distribution of the electric field has been established. In the steady state, the electric field strength in the dielectric barrier exceeds the average value by 50 %. In the region of small transition times (up to 1 s), the relative dielectric constant of the barrier has a significant effect on the distribution of the electric field. The use of a dielectric barrier with a higher dielectric constant and fractional content in comparison with the substrate leads to an increase in electric field strength by 5 % relative to the average value in composite insulation. Experimental studies of the long-term electrical strength of glass mica-belt ribbons in the cured (thermosetting) state are consistent with the simulation results. Composite insulation based on glass fiber mica tape with a high content of the mica barrier and fiberglass of smaller thickness has (8-16) % higher values of long-term electric strength. Представлены результаты распределения электрического поля в высоковольтной композитной изоляции на основе предложенной математической модели накопления поверхностного заряда на границе раздела подложка – барьер. В установившемся режиме напряженность электрического поля в диэлектрическом барьере может превышать среднее значение на 50 % в зависимости от электрофизических характеристик и толщины компонентов. Показано, что в области малых времен переходного процесса на характер распределения электрического поля влияют как относительная диэлектрическая проницаемость, так и толщина диэлектрического барьера. Экспериментальная проверка выполнена для пяти типоразмеров стеклослюдобумажной ленты по 5-ть макетов в каждой. Установлено, что композитная изоляция с повышенным содержанием слюдинитового барьера и стеклотканью меньшей толщины имеет на (8-16) % более высокие значения длительной электрической прочности.

All solvable extensions of a class of nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension n and degree of nilpotency n-1

We construct all solvable Lie algebras with a specific n-dimensional nilradical n_(n,2) (of degree of nilpotency (n-1) and with an (n-2)-dimensional maximal Abelian ideal). We find that for given n such a solvable algebra is unique up to isomorphisms. Using the method of moving frames we construct a basis for the Casimir invariants of the nilradical n_(n,2). We also construct a basis for the generalized Casimir invariants of its solvable extension s_(n+1) consisting entirely of rational functions of the chosen invariants of the nilradical.Comment: 19 pages; added references, changes mainly in introduction and conclusions, typos corrected; submitted to J. Phys. A, version to be publishe

SU(2) Gluodynamics and HP1 sigma-model embedding: Scaling, Topology and Confinement

We investigate recently proposed HP1 sigma-model embedding method aimed to study the topology of SU(2) gauge fields. The HP1 based topological charge is shown to be fairly compatible with various known definitions. We study the corresponding topological susceptibility and estimate its value in the continuum limit. The geometrical clarity of HP1 approach allows to investigate non-perturbative aspects of SU(2) gauge theory on qualitatively new level. In particular, we obtain numerically precise estimation of gluon condensate and its leading quadratic correction. Furthermore, we present clear evidences that the string tension is to be associated with global (percolating) regions of sign-coherent topological charge. As a byproduct of our analysis we estimate the continuum value of quenched chiral condensate and the dimensionality of regions, which localize the lowest eigenmodes of overlap Dirac operator.Comment: 22 pages, 18 ps figures, revtex4. Replaced to match published version (PRD, to appear

The atomic structure of large-angle grain boundaries Σ5\Sigma 5 and Σ13\Sigma 13 in YBa2Cu3O7−δ{\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}} and their transport properties

We present the results of a computer simulation of the atomic structures of large-angle symmetrical tilt grain boundaries (GBs) $\Sigma 5$ (misorientation angles \q{36.87}{^{\circ}} and \q{53.13}{^{\circ}}), $\Sigma 13$ (misorientation angles \q{22.62}{^{\circ}} and \q{67.38}{^{\circ}}). The critical strain level $\epsilon_{crit}$ criterion (phenomenological criterion) of Chisholm and Pennycook is applied to the computer simulation data to estimate the thickness of the nonsuperconducting layer ${\rm h_n}$ enveloping the grain boundaries. The ${\rm h_n}$ is estimated also by a bond-valence-sum analysis. We propose that the phenomenological criterion is caused by the change of the bond lengths and valence of atoms in the GB structure on the atomic level. The macro- and micro- approaches become consistent if the $\epsilon_{crit}$ is greater than in earlier papers. It is predicted that the symmetrical tilt GB $\Sigma5$ \theta = \q{53.13}{^{\circ}} should demonstrate a largest critical current across the boundary.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure