КЛИНИКО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ НАСЛЕДСТВЕННОГО РАКА ЯИЧНИКА

Germ-line mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most established risk factors for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. The purpose of the study was to analyze BRCA1/2 testing in ovarian cancer patients. Materials and methods. We analyzed 222 patients with ovarian cancer (OC) who underwent genetic testing. Results. Recurrent Slavic mutations in these genes were detected in 60/222 (27%) patients.104 patients lacked any clinical signs of hereditary form of the disease, however BRCA1/2 genetic defects were identified among 11 (11%) of these women. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas were characterized by more advanced stage at diagnosis and predominance of high-grade serous histological tumor subtype. Conclusion. These results emphasize the need for BRCA1/2 testing for all patients with OC. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas have clinical and pathological cgaracteristics, which should be considered while planning therapy. Наследственные мутации в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 являются наиболее известными и изученными факторами риска карцином молочной железы и яичника. Цель исследования – анализ опыта BRCA1/2- тестирования больных раком яичника. Материал и методы. Проанализированы данные 222 больных раком яичника (РЯ), направленных на генетическое тестирование. Результаты. Генетический дефект в генах BRCA1/2 был выявлен у 60 (27 %) из 222 пациенток. В группе женщин без клинических признаков наследственной формы заболевания генетические дефекты BRCA1/2 были обнаружены у 11 (11 %) из 104 пациенток. BRCA1/2-ассоциированные карциномы характеризовались более поздней стадией заболевания и преобладанием низкодифференцированного серозного гистологического типа опухоли. Заключение. BRCA1/2-ассоциированные опухоли составляют значимую часть злокачественных новообразований яичника, что обусловливает целесообразность генетического тестирования для всех пациенток с РЯ. BRCA1/2-ассоциированные карциномы имеют клинические и морфологические особенности, которые необходимо учитывать при планировании терапии.

INFLUENCE OF NUTRITIVE SUPPORT ON SURGERY OUTCOMES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH COLON CANCER

The article presents the results of surgery outcomes in 127 elderly patients with colon cancer. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group (prospective, n=52) and control group (retrospective, n=75). The combined preoperative nutritive status assessment by BMI and a prognostic hypotrophy index were used. It included the optimization of nutritive support on all stages and an early tube removal, an enteral feeding during postoperative period. It was stated, that it significantly reduced the level of complications, period of intensive care unit stay on 2 days and a hospital stay on 4 days in main group. All the patients of the main group improved the quality of life during 7 days (EORTC QIQ CR29). Proposed nutritive support program allowed improvement of the quality of life and positive treatment outcomes in elderly patients with colon cancer

CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HEREDITARY OVARIAN CANCER

Germ-line mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most established risk factors for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. The purpose of the study was to analyze BRCA1/2 testing in ovarian cancer patients. Materials and methods. We analyzed 222 patients with ovarian cancer (OC) who underwent genetic testing. Results. Recurrent Slavic mutations in these genes were detected in 60/222 (27%) patients.104 patients lacked any clinical signs of hereditary form of the disease, however BRCA1/2 genetic defects were identified among 11 (11%) of these women. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas were characterized by more advanced stage at diagnosis and predominance of high-grade serous histological tumor subtype. Conclusion. These results emphasize the need for BRCA1/2 testing for all patients with OC. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas have clinical and pathological cgaracteristics, which should be considered while planning therapy