Incidence of acne in adolescents of coastal and non-maritime towns of the Republic of Dagestan

For the purpose of comparative analysis of the incidence acne of teenage in seaside and non-maritime towns, an epidemiological study of 64,451 acne teenage patients (15-17 years), first detected in life in 2004-2012, conducted in the towns of the Republic of Dagestan (RD). The towns of the RD divided into two groups: the seaside 5 towns located off the coast of the Caspian Sea, and the non-maritime 5 towns - at a distance of 30 km and more from the sea. The results of the study show a 7-fold increase in the incidence of acne vulgaris in adolescents compared with children and adults. The critical town for the acne is Khasavyurt, exceeding the average annual rate by 5.2 times compared with the incidence in all towns. In all towns of the RD there is a tendency to increase the incidence of teenage acne. Thus, the growing trend in the incidence of acne among adolescents points to the need to develop a program for the prevention of acne, taking into account the characteristics of disadvantaged towns located far from the sea.С целью сравнительного анализа заболеваемости акне подростков в приморских и неприморских городах проведено эпидемиологическое исследование 64 451 больного акне подростка (15-17 лет), выявленного впервые в жизни за 2004-2012 гг. В городах республики дагестан. Города распределены на 2 группы: приморские 5 городов, расположенные у побережья каспийского моря, и неприморские 5 городов - на расстоянии 30 км и более от побережья моря. Результаты исследования показывают 7-кратное превышение показателя заболеваемости acne vulgaris у подростков по сравнению с детьми и взрослыми. Критическим по заболеваемости акне городом является Хасавюрт с превышением среднемноголетнего показателя в 5,2 раза по сравнению с заболеваемостью по всем городам. Во всех городах наблюдается тенденция к росту заболеваемости акне подростков. Таким образом, возрастающий тренд заболеваемости акне среди подростков указывает на необходимость разработки программы по профилактике акне с учетом особенностей неблагополучных городов, расположенных далеко от моря

Таутакс (доцетаксел) в лечении гормонорефрактерного рака предстательной железы

Purpose. Evaluate efficacy and portability of the combination of the drugs Tautax (docetaxel) with a dose of 75mg/m2 1 time per 21 days and prednisolone — 10 mg per 24 h in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) patients. Methods. Patients with verified HRPC were included in the study. Patients without being performed orchofuniculectomy were given LHRH analogues during the entire study. The treatment scheme was: tautax 75 mg/m2 1 time per 21 days as 1,5 h infusion + prednisolone — 10 mg per 24 h per os. Dexamethasone 8 mg was introduced intramuscularly as a premedication before tautax infusion prior to 12, 6 and 1 h. Patients with the revealed bone metastases were given zoledronic acid 4 mg 1 time per 28 days. The therapy was has been being performed for 6 months or till disease progression revelation. In case of regression or stabilization of the disease, up to 10 chemotherapy courses were performed. Results. 29 HRPC patients are examined. 178 chemotherapy courses are performed. Partial regression is noted in 8 (28%) patients, stabilization — in 9 (31%), progression - in 8 (28%) patients. PSA level decrease >50% has been observed in 19 (65,5%) patients. Improvement of the life quality was reached in 11 (38%) patients. The decrease in hyperfixation of radiopharmaceutical by osteoscintigraphy ocurred in 14 (48%) patients. Conclusion. Combination of Tautax and prednisolone is an effective treatment regimen of the HRPC patients.

Landscape-basin organization of stable development of the mountain polyethnic territory of Daghestan

Landscape-basin systems are the optimal territory states of the mountain regions stable development organization. The problem may be solved by using different methods and different scientific trends and investigations. The paper studies the landscape-basin organization of mountain polyethnic territories on the Daghestan republic

Docetaxel (Tautax) in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer

Purpose. Evaluate efficacy and portability of the combination of the drugs Tautax (docetaxel) with a dose of 75mg/m2 1 time per 21 days and prednisolone — 10 mg per 24 h in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) patients. Methods. Patients with verified HRPC were included in the study. Patients without being performed orchofuniculectomy were given LHRH analogues during the entire study. The treatment scheme was: tautax 75 mg/m2 1 time per 21 days as 1,5 h infusion + prednisolone — 10 mg per 24 h per os. Dexamethasone 8 mg was introduced intramuscularly as a premedication before tautax infusion prior to 12, 6 and 1 h. Patients with the revealed bone metastases were given zoledronic acid 4 mg 1 time per 28 days. The therapy was has been being performed for 6 months or till disease progression revelation. In case of regression or stabilization of the disease, up to 10 chemotherapy courses were performed. Results. 29 HRPC patients are examined. 178 chemotherapy courses are performed. Partial regression is noted in 8 (28%) patients, stabilization — in 9 (31%), progression - in 8 (28%) patients. PSA level decrease >50% has been observed in 19 (65,5%) patients. Improvement of the life quality was reached in 11 (38%) patients. The decrease in hyperfixation of radiopharmaceutical by osteoscintigraphy ocurred in 14 (48%) patients. Conclusion. Combination of Tautax and prednisolone is an effective treatment regimen of the HRPC patients

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ON THE BIODIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF THE HELMINTHES OF DOMESTIC RUMINANTS IN THE SOUTHEAST OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS

Aim. The aim of the research is to analyze the biodiversity of helminths of domestic ruminants in the south-east of the North Caucasus; indicators of infestation of cattle grazing on different types of pastures; environmental factors affecting their population structure and the formation of combined foci of bio and geo helminthiasis.Methods. We used classical research methods adopted in contemporary parasitology: helminth - larvoscopia, complete helminthological autopsy of animals and humans by KI Scriabin, cultivation of the larvae, opening of invertebrates, flotation, and feces washed successively.Results. 30 years of research revealed that the domestic ruminants in the south-east of the North Caucasus are infected by 64 species of helminthes: sheep 54, cattle 55, buffaloes 49. Common to domestic ruminants are 39 species of helminths. The causative agents zoonozis are Fasciola hepatica L., 1758, F. gigantica (Сobbold, 1856), Dicrocoelium lanceatum (Stiles et Hassal, 1896), Taeniarhynchus saginatus (Goeze, 1782) larvae, Echinococcus granulosus (Batsch, 1786) larvae, Trichostongylus axei (Cobbold, 1879), T. vitrinus Looss, 1905, Haemonchus contortus (Rud., 1803), and Gongylonema pulchrum (Molin, 1857).Conclusion. Infestation by helminthes of ruminants varies the extensity of invasion (EI) 0,8-67,5%, intensity of invasion (II) 1-1260 species. Animals are infected with helminthes in plain and foothill zones from April to the end of November, and in the mountains 2500 meters above sea level from July to the end of September. In the plain belt, ecological grassland can be divided into four types: steppe, semi-arid, saline, low-lying wet lands where we can find combined foci of helminthes with different quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The species composition of helminthes, their population is dependent on the environmental factors. In combined foci, ruminants are always infected with mixed invasions of helminthes, from 4 to 17 species

FAUNA OF THE BUFFALO HELMINTHS IN THE SOUTHEAST OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS

Abstract. Aim. The aim is to analyze the fauna of buffalo helminths at the northern border of the European part of Russia, the extensiveness and intensity of cattle infection in pastures of different ecological types, environmental factors affecting the population size and the formation of the helminth faunistic complex of anthropogenic foci of bio and geo-helminthoses. Methods. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: helminthoscopy, ovarioscopy and larvoscopy; technique of complete helminthological dissection of animals and humans according to K.I. Scriabin; artificial acquisition of larvae, study of mollusks, oribatid mites, flotation, successive washing of faeces. Results. A study carried out for more than 40 years has shown that the fauna of buffalo helminths is represented by 44 species, where 5 of 15 biohelminthes are of the trematode class, 7 cestodes, 3 nematodes and 29 geo-helminths (nematodes). A rich species composition (25 species) is represented by Strongylata suborder, Railliet et Henry 1913. The complex of buffalo helminthes fauna is represented by a rich biodiversity of species (44 species) on lowland moist pastures and on coastal areas flooded with freshened waters of the western shores of the North Caucasus. The formation of the complex of buffalo helminthes fauna occurs in the second and third year on the above mentioned ecological types of pastures. Conclusion. Buffalo is infected by helminths with a prevalence rate (PR) of 0.8-42.1%, with an infection intensity (II) of 2-2040 specimens. Mixed foci of helminthiases are formed on all ecological types of pastures. This is due to the fact that 93.2% of parasites are specific for ruminants. Biodiversity of species, the formation of the complex of buffalo helminthes fauna depends on the impact of environmental factors. The complex of buffalo helminthes fauna on different types of ecological pastures is represented in mixed invasions from 3 to 14 species of pathogens

ZnO/AlGaN Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes

We report on the optical and electrical properties of n-ZnO/p/-AlGaN heterojunctions. Ga doped n-type ZnO layers were grown using chemical vapor deposition on Mg doped p-type AlGaN epitaxial layers. AlGaN epitaxial layers with 12 at.% Al were grown on 6H-SiC by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. Rectifying diode-like behavior with a threshold voltage of 3.2 V was achieved. Intense ultraviolet electroluminescence peaking at a wavelength of 390 nm was observed at 300 and 500 K as a result of hole-injection from the n-ZnO layer into the p-AlGaN layer of the heterostructure