Dynamical structure factors and excitation modes of the bilayer Heisenberg model

Using quantum Monte Carlo simulations along with higher-order spin-wave theory, bond-operator and strong-coupling expansions, we analyse the dynamical spin structure factor of the spin-half Heisenberg model on the square-lattice bilayer. We identify distinct contributions from the low-energy Goldstone modes in the magnetically ordered phase and the gapped triplon modes in the quantum disordered phase. In the antisymmetric (with respect to layer inversion) channel, the dynamical spin structure factor exhibits a continuous evolution of spectral features across the quantum phase transition, connecting the two types of modes. Instead, in the symmetric channel we find a depletion of the spectral weight when moving from the ordered to the disordered phase. While the dynamical spin structure factor does not exhibit a well-defined distinct contribution from the amplitude (or Higgs) mode in the ordered phase, we identify an only marginally-damped amplitude mode in the dynamical singlet structure factor, obtained from interlayer bond correlations, in the vicinity of the quantum critical point. These findings provide quantitative information in direct relation to possible neutron or light scattering experiments in a fundamental two-dimensional quantum-critical spin system.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figure

Force and Torque of an Electromagnetically Levitated Metal Sphere

The Lorentz force and torque exerted on an electrically conducting sphere exposed to an external, time-varying magnetic field are analytically calculated. The external magnetic field is generated by a set of sinusoidally alternating, but otherwise arbitrary, current density fields of different frequencies and phases. Expressions for the force and torque in a laboratory frame of reference, which is more convenient for application, are also given. Finally, the special cases of rotational and mirror-symmetric external current density fields are treated in more detail.</p

Inequalities for Legendre Functions and Gegenbauer Functions.

AbstractIn this paper three new and simple bounds for the Legendre functions of the first kind Pv−μ(x) for real xϵ [−1, 1] are proved. They can easily be transformed for an application to Gegenbauer functions. At first, a short summary of well-known inequalities of Pv−μ(x) is given. Then a bound is derived that seems to be completely new. Finally, improvements of two known inequalities are presented