RESULTS OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT IN CANCER PATIENTS WITH MAXILLOFACIAL DEFECTS

The fates of 450 patients with different defects of the upper jaw and midfacial tissues were traced after maxillofacial replacement were traced. The follow-up was 1 to 15 years. The immediate and late results of orthopedic treatment were studied using the follow-up and assessed from both the underlying disease and the degree of functional and cosmetic efficiency of orthopedic apparatuses

КРИОЛУЧЕВОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ БОЛЬНЫХ МЕСТНОРАСПРОСТРАНЕНЫМ РАКОМ КОЖИ ЩЕКИ

The new method of combined cryogenic and radiation therapy for patients with locally advanced buccal skin cancer was devised. The comprehensive analysis of results of cryoradiotherapy for 21 patients with basal cell and squamous cell buccal skin cancer (Т 2–4) and local recurrence was carried out. The treatment resulted in favorable long-term, cosmetic and functional results without local and general complications in these patients including elderly patients and patients with severe concomitant diseasesРазработан способ лечения больных с местнораспространенными формами рака кожи щеки, включающий сочетанное криолучевое воздействие, показания и противопоказания к его применению. Проведен комплексный анализ результатов криолучевого лечения у 21 больного базальноклеточным и плоскоклеточным раком кожи щеки Т 2–4 и местнораспространенными рецидивами опухоли. В результате криолучевого лечения отмечены хорошие отдаленные, эстетические и функциональные результаты при отсутствии местных и общих осложнений, в том числе у лиц пожилого возраста и больных с тяжелой сопутствующей патологие

Prefrontal Cortex Based Sex Differences in Tinnitus Perception: Same Tinnitus Intensity, Same Tinnitus Distress, Different Mood

BACKGROUND: Tinnitus refers to auditory phantom sensation. It is estimated that for 2% of the population this auditory phantom percept severely affects the quality of life, due to tinnitus related distress. Although the overall distress levels do not differ between sexes in tinnitus, females are more influenced by distress than males. Typically, pain, sleep, and depression are perceived as significantly more severe by female tinnitus patients. Studies on gender differences in emotional regulation indicate that females with high depressive symptoms show greater attention to emotion, and use less anti-rumination emotional repair strategies than males. METHODOLOGY: The objective of this study was to verify whether the activity and connectivity of the resting brain is different for male and female tinnitus patients using resting-state EEG. CONCLUSIONS: Females had a higher mean score than male tinnitus patients on the BDI-II. Female tinnitus patients differ from male tinnitus patients in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) extending to the frontopolar cortex in beta1 and beta2. The OFC is important for emotional processing of sounds. Increased functional alpha connectivity is found between the OFC, insula, subgenual anterior cingulate (sgACC), parahippocampal (PHC) areas and the auditory cortex in females. Our data suggest increased functional connectivity that binds tinnitus-related auditory cortex activity to auditory emotion-related areas via the PHC-sgACC connections resulting in a more depressive state even though the tinnitus intensity and tinnitus-related distress are not different from men. Comparing male tinnitus patients to a control group of males significant differences could be found for beta3 in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). The PCC might be related to cognitive and memory-related aspects of the tinnitus percept. Our results propose that sex influences in tinnitus research cannot be ignored and should be taken into account in functional imaging studies related to tinnitus

Transient and sustained incentive effects on electrophysiological indices of cognitive control in younger and older adults

Preparing for upcoming events, separating task-relevant from task-irrelevant information and efficiently responding to stimuli all require cognitive control. The adaptive recruitment of cognitive control depends on activity in the dopaminergic reward system as well as the frontoparietal control network. In healthy aging, dopaminergic neuromodulation is reduced, resulting in altered incentive-based recruitment of control mechanisms. In the present study, younger adults (18–28 years) and healthy older adults (66–89 years) completed an incentivized flanker task that included gain, loss, and neutral trials. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded at the time of incentive cue and target presentation. We examined the contingent negative variation (CNV), implicated in stimulus anticipation and response preparation, as well as the P3, which is involved in the evaluation of visual stimuli. Both younger and older adults showed transient incentive-based modulation of CNV. Critically, cue-locked and target-locked P3s were influenced by transient and sustained effects of incentives in younger adults, while such modulation was limited to a sustained effect of gain incentives on cue-P3 in older adults. Overall, these findings are in line with an age-related reduction in the flexible recruitment of preparatory and target-related cognitive control processes in the presence of motivational incentives

Cryoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced buccal skin cancer

The new method of combined cryogenic and radiation therapy for patients with locally advanced buccal skin cancer was devised. The comprehensive analysis of results of cryoradiotherapy for 21 patients with basal cell and squamous cell buccal skin cancer (Т 2–4) and local recurrence was carried out. The treatment resulted in favorable long-term, cosmetic and functional results without local and general complications in these patients including elderly patients and patients with severe concomitant disease

REHABILITATION OF CANCER PATIENTS WITH DEFECT AND COMPLETE SECONDARY ADENTIA AFTER REMOVAL OF BOTH UPPER JAWS

In 1969–2012, prosthetic replacement was performed in 102 patients with postoperative maxillary defects, including 90 patients with complete secondary adentia and 12 with total maxillary defect. Procedures for fixation of immediate prostheses (protective plates) were improved; practical guidelines were elaborated to transform the protective plate into a primary permanent prosthesis with an obturator. The primary permanent (forming) prosthesis is recommended in the postoperative period (on days 10–15)