Networking Cooperation in Forming Soft Skills of a New Type of Teacher

The primary aim of this research is to develop an effective network interaction model in developing a new teacher’s soft skills. The authors carried out an analysis of a new teacher’s necessary soft skills and the existing models of partnerships. They outlined their views on the development of a networking model that is aimed at the systematic formation of a teacher’s soft skills. The empirical part is executed based on the Elabuga Institute of the Kazan Federal University. The created model can be used for the organisation of training system of a new type of teacher. It might as well be used as a model of the school-university partnership for revealing pedagogically gifted children or as an integrated model for the formation of basic teachers’ soft skills in the university

New genetic resources in wheat breeding for an increased grain protein content

The present review offers an overview of genetic research on grain protein content (GPC) in various Triticum L. and Aegilops L. species. Regularities in geographic variability of GPC and the results of a longterm screening of accessions from the VIR collection for this trait are considered. On the basis of these assessments, a core-collection of genetic sources with high GPC has been formed. It includes the diploid Aegilops species as donors of B, G and D genomes for allopolyploid wheats, as well as accessions of di-, tetra- and hexaploid wheat species. The use of highprotein sources in wheat breeding in the United States and Canada in the 1970’s–1980’s resulted in the bread wheat GPC increase by 0.5–3.0 %; however, further purposeful attempts at increasing GPC by traditional breeding methods failed. A breakthrough in increasing the total GPC has been achieved as a result of molecular genetics methods and molecular markers development. For the first time, a functional locus, or the Gpc-B1 gene (chromosome 6BS) affecting the accumulation of protein, Zn and Fe in grain, was identified in T. dicoccoides, cloned and studied in detail. The application of molecular markers has revealed the active allele of this gene in some landraces and old cul-tivars of T. dicoccum, T. durum, T. spelta and T. aestivum. Moreover, Gpc-A1, Gpc-D1, and Gpc-2 wheat genes have been found in chromosomes 6A, 6D and homeologous group 2, respectively. All these genes have been identified as NAC transcription factors, which play an important role in the accelerated senescence of plants and remobilization of nutrients from leaves to grain. The genes related to Gpc-B1 from T. dicoccoides were found in the G genome of T. timopheevii and B (=S) genome of different species of Aegilops sect. sitopsis. Functional Gpc-B1 alleles have been introduced into commercial tetra- and hexaploid wheat cultivars, and it resulted in the creation of new highprotein and high-yield cultivars and series of nearly isogenic lines in different countries. They are promising sources for research and wheat breeding purposes

Успешное хирургическое лечение герминогенной опухоли средостения на фоне химиорезистентности

Mediastinal teratoma is a rare germ cell tumor. The mediastinum is the most common extragonadal site. Malignant tumors of the mediastinum account for 4 % of all extragonadal tumors of the mediastinum. We present a case of successful surgical treatment of a 24‑year-old man with a gigantic immature mediastinal teratoma complicated by severe cardiorespiratory disorders.Тератома средостения является редкой первичной локализацией герминогенной опухоли. Мы представляем случай успешного хирургического лечения 24‑летнего мужчины с гигантской незрелой тератомой средостения, осложненной выраженными кардиореспираторными расстройствами

Systematic Study of Two-Pion Production in NN Collisions -- from Single-Baryon to Di-Baryon Excitations

The two-pion production in nucleon-nucleon collisions has been studied by exclusive and kinematically complete experiments from threshold up to $T_p$ = 1.36 GeV at CELSIUS-WASA. At near-threshold energies the total and differential distributions for the $\pi^+\pi^-$ and $\pi^0\pi^0$ channels are dominated by Roper excitation and its decay into $N\sigma$ and $\Delta\pi$ channels. At beam energies $T_p >$ 1.1 GeV the $\Delta\Delta$ excitation governs the two-pion production process. In the $\pi^+\pi^+$ channel evidence is found for the excitation of a higher-lying I=3/2 resonance, favorably the $\Delta(1600)$. The isovector fusion processes leading to the deuteron and to quasi-stable $^2$He, respectively, %with the production of an isovector pion-pair exhibit no or only a modest ABC-effect, {\it i.e.} low-mass enhancement in the $\pi\pi$-invariant mass spectrum, and can be described by conventional $t$-channel $\Delta\Delta$ excitation. On the other hand, the isoscalar fusion process to the deuteron %with the production of an isoscalar pion-pair exhibits a dramatic ABC-effect correlated with a narrow resonance-like energy dependence in the total cross section with a width of only 50 MeV and situated at a mass 90 MeV below the $\Delta\Delta$ mass.Comment: Proceedings HADRON0

Комплексная оценка системного и локального иммунитета, факторов воспаления и клинических показателей у больных раком желудка. Злокачественные опухоли

Objective.To study the state of cellular immunity and local immunity in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.Materials and methods.From 2017 to 2018 45 primary patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (25 — with stages I–III, 20 — with stage IV) received surgical / combined treatment or chemotherapy at the Blokhin Scientific Research Center of Oncology, respectively. Peripheral blood and tumor tissue were collected before starting treatment. The percentage of the degree of infiltration of tumor tissue by lymphocytes (CD45 + CD14‑TILs) was assessed by flow cytometry: T‑cells (CD3 + CD19‑TILs), B‑cells (CD3‑CD19 + TILs), NK‑cells (CD3‑CD16 + CD56 + TILs), effector cells CD16 and CD8 and their cytotoxic potential (CD16 + Perforin + TILs, CD16CTPTILs), (CD8 + Perforin + TILs; CD8CTPTILs); subpopulations of regulatory T‑cells — NKT‑cells (CD3 + CD16 + CD56 + TILs), regulatory CD4‑cells (CD4 + CD25 + CD127‑TILs) and CD8 (CD8 + CD11b‑CD28‑TILs) and parameters of systemic immunity.Intratumoral and stromal subpopulations of CD4 + TILs, CD8 + TILs, CD4 + / CD8 + TILs ratios were studied by immunohistochemistry. Also, the cellular composition of peripheral blood was investigated. The prognostic significance of immune cells, inflammation factors (neutrophil‑lymphocyte index, platelet‑lymphocyte index) and clinical characteristics (patient»s age (both by years and by groups: up to 45 years, 46–60 years, over 60 years), disease stage, differentiation (G), Lauren type and MSI status were evaluated for overall survival (OS) and progression‑free survival (PFS).Results.The factor of a favorable prognosis for PFS in patients with local and locally advanced forms of gastric cancer was an increase in the number of CD3 + CD19‑TILs (HR0.865, 95 %CI 0.782–0.957, p = 0.005), and for poor prognosis — an increase in NK‑cells; HR1.382, 95 %CI 1.087–1.758, p = 0.008. There was a negative effect of the relative content of NK‑cells, an increase in the level of neutrophils in the peripheral blood on the OS of patients with metastatic GC (HR1.42, 95 %CI 1.06–1.89, p = 0.017 and HR1.64, 95 %CI 1.12–2.40, p = 0.011). At the same time, an increase in the age of patients, the level of neutrophils and platelets (HR1.106, 95 %CI 1.002–1.199, p = 0.015; HR1.714, 95 %CI 1.063–2.764, p = 0.027 and HR1.017, 95 %CI 1.006–1.029, p = 0.003) reduce PFS in patients with metastatic gastric cancer.Conclusion.Indicators of local immunity, the cellular composition of peripheral blood, characterizing the systemic inflammatory response, as well as indicators of systemic immunity can serve as additional prognostic factors in gastric cancer.Цель.Изучить состояние системного иммунитета и локального иммунитета у больных аденокарциномой желудка.Материалы и методы. С 2017 по 2018 г. в ФГБУ НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина 45 первичных больных с аденокарциномой желудка (25 пациентов имели I–III стадии, 20 — IV стадию) получили хирургическое лечение или химиотерапию, соответственно. Забор биологического материала (периферической крови, опухолевойткани) осуществлялся перед лечением. Методом проточной цитометрии оценивали процентное содержание степени инфильтрации опухолевой ткани лимфоцитами (CD45 + CD14‑TILs), число Т‑клеток (CD3 + CD19‑TILs), В‑клеток (CD3‑CD19 + TILs), NK‑клеток (CD3‑CD16 + CD56 + TILs), CD16 и CD8 эффекторных клеток и их цитотоксического потенциала (ЦТП) (CD16 + Perforin + TILs; CD16ЦТПTILs),  (CD8 + Perforin + TILs;  CD8ЦТПTILs),  регуляторных  Т‑клеток —  NKT‑клеток  (CD3 + CD16 + CD56 + TILs), CD4 (CD4 + CD25 + CD127‑TILs) и CD8 (CD8 + CD11b‑CD28‑TILs) регуляторных клеток и данные параметры системного иммунитета. Методом иммуногистохимии исследовались интратуморальные и стромальные CD4 + TILs, CD8 + TILs субпопуляции лимфоцитов, их соотношение (CD4 + / CD8 + TILs). Проведена оценка прогностической значимости иммунных клеток, факторов воспаления (нейтрофильно‑лимфоцитарного индекса, тромбоцитарно‑лимфоцитарного индекса) и клинических характеристик (возраст пациента, стадия заболевания, степень дифференцировки, тип по Lauren и статус MSI для общей выживаемости (ОВ) и выживаемости без прогрессирования (ВБП).Результаты.Фактором благоприятного прогноза в отношении ВБП у пациентов с локализованными и местно‑распространенными формами рака желудка явилось повышение числа CD3 + CD19‑TILs (ОР 0,865,95 %ДИ 0,782–0,957, р = 0,005), а неблагоприятного прогноза — повышение NK‑клеток (ОР 1,382, 95 %ДИ 1,087–1,758, р = 0,008). Отмечено негативное влияние увеличения содержания NK‑клеток, уровня нейтрофилов в периферической крови на ОВ пациентов с метастатическим раком желудка (мРЖ) (ОР 1,42, 95 % ДИ 1,06–1,89, р = 0,017), (ОР 1,64, 95 % ДИ 1,12–2,40, р = 0,011). Увеличение возраста больных, уровня нейтрофилов и тромбоцитов (ОР 1,106, 95 %ДИ 1,002–1,199, р = 0,015; ОР 1,714, 95 % ДИ 1,063–2,764, р = 0,027 и ОР 1,017, 95 % ДИ 1,006–1,029, р = 0,003) снижают показатель ВБП у пациентов с мРЖ.Вывод. Показатели локального иммунитета, клеточного состава периферической крови, характеризующие системную воспалительную реакцию, и показатели системного иммунитета служат дополнительными прогностическими факторами при раке желудка

Resistance of synthetic hexaploid wheat to the leaf rust pathogen

Background. One of the promising sources for enrichment of the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) gene pool with new alleles is synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW), or allopolyploids from crossing tetraploid wheats (2n = 4x = 28, BBAA) with accessions of Aegilops tauschii Coss. (2n = 2x = 14, DD), and subsequent doubling of the chromosome number in the hybrids. Objectives of the study were to evaluate the SHW accessions from the VIR collection for resistance to Puccinia triticina Erikss. populations collected in Russia; genotype the accessions; and summarize information from the published sources concerning the resistance of the studied accessions to other harmful diseases and pests.Materials and methods. Resistance of 36 SHW accessions from the VIR collection to the populations of P. triticina was assessed in the laboratory and in the field, under artificial infection pressure, using the techniques developed by the Institute of Plant Protection. A phytopathological test and PCR markers were used to identify the Lr genes.Results and conclusion. The SHW accessions were characterized according to their resistance to the Russian populations of the wheat leaf rust pathogen. The sources of resistance in the phase of emergence and in adult plants were identified. The phytopathological test isolated three accessions with Lr23; the PCR marker of Lr21=Lr40 was found in 11 accessions, Lr39=Lr41 in 19, and Lr22a in 3. At the same time, k-65496, k-65515 and k-65517 had si multaneously Lr21=Lr40 and Lr39=Lr41, while k-65497, k-65503 and k-65508 had Lr22a and Lr39=Lr41. The analysis of published data showed that many of the studied SHW accessions were also resistant to other harmful diseases and insect pests, so they are of interest for further studying and possible use in domestic breeding

Применение ниволумаба при раке толстой кишки с синдромом Линча. Клиническое наблюдение

Lynch syndrome (LS) resulting from the abnormal repair of unpaired DNA bases is characterized by an increased risk of colorectal, endometrial, and urinary tract cancers. Regardless of the tumor type, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been approved for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic DNA mismatch repair‑ deficient (dMMR) tumors, which may present a treatment option for patients with LS. The article contains a case report of a female patient with a germline MLH1 mutation and multiple primary colonic malignancies treated with nivolumab for 26 months. This observation demonstrates the success of immunotherapy after 6 lines of chemotherapy, implying potential control of tumor growth in patients with LS.Синдром Линча (СЛ), возникающий в результате нарушений репарации неспаренных оснований ДНК, характеризуется повышенным риском развития рака толстой кишки, эндометрия и мочевыводящих путей. Независимо от типа опухоли, иммунотерапия ингибиторами контрольных точек (ИКТ) была одобрена для лечения пациентов с неоперабельными или метастатическими опухолями с нарушением системы репарации ДНК (dMMR), что может быть опцией для лечения пациентов с СЛ. В статье описывается клиническое наблюдение пациентки с герминальной мутацией MLH1 и с первично-множественными злокачественными образованиями ободочной кишки, получавшей лечение ниволумабом в течение 26 месяцев. Это наблюдение демонстрирует успех иммунотерапии после 6 линий химиотерапии, подразумевая потенциальный контроль опухолевого роста у пациентов с СЛ

Genetic diversity and breeding value of synthetic hexaploid wheat introduced into the VIR collection

For the  successful  development of wheat  breeding in Russia, a genetically  diverse  and  well-characterized starting material, mainly stored  at the VIR collection, is needed. To replenish  the collection, 36 lines (accessions) of synthetic hexaploid  wheat  (SHWs) developed at CIMMYT by crossing Triticum durum with Aegilops tauschii were studied.  Our research  was aimed at studying  the SHWs using a complex of morphological and economically  valuable traits in the environments of European Russia’s northwestern part (E30°, N59°), evaluating the reaction  of the SHWs to a photoperiod  and determining their genetic heterogeneity and similarities by gliadins as biochemical  markers. The results showed that the variability of different traits for SHWs fits into the framework of the genus  Triticum, and so SHWs can be classified as poorly domesticated forms. Their distinctive feature, valuable for wheat  breeding, is a large weight  of a thousand grains (up to 60.6 g). This trait was characterized by a low degree of variability and a low correlation  with other  traits. The reaction  of wheat  plants to the length  of the day is crucial for their transition  from vegetative to reproductive development. The SHWs studied differed from common wheat and one another by responses to the short day and by the length  of the ‘emergence-heading’ phase  if they grew under  the conditions of a long day. The delay in the development of plants with a short photoperiod ranged from 5.4 to 53.8 days. On a long day, the duration of the ‘emergence-heading’ phase  varied from 39.5 to 53.9 days. A possible genetic basis for the differences  identified is discussed.  To assess the diversity of SHWs, we also used  gliadin proteins as informative  biochemical  markers. It was revealed  that 21 SHWs were homogeneous, and the rest, heterogeneous. Forty-four different biotypes were found for the SHWs studied,  from which 36 were unique.  Relationships between biotypes have been  demonstrated using cluster analysis. It should be noted that 13 SHWs were unstable. In each of them, some plants differed from the others  in terms of a complex of morphological characters, reaction to a photoperiod, and gliadin patterns. It is possible that the instability of accessions  is the result of genome rearrangement in SHWs. SHW accessions  and the forms isolated from them are considered as sources of new genetic variability to improve common wheat

Source material for breeding winter bread wheat for grain quality in the north of the Middle Volga Region

Background. Development of cultivars with high stable yields and high grain quality is the main trend in wheat breeding. The aim of this study was to characterize a set of winter bread wheat accessions from the VIR collection and the working collection of Kazan Scientific Center in terms of their yield, protein content in grain (P, %), and swelling of flour in acetic acid (S, ml), and select the best accessions for the combination of these characters for use in a crossbreeding program.Materials and methods. Twenty-three winter bread wheat accessions were studied for the abovementioned characters in the north of the Middle Volga Region using conventional techniques. The study lasted three years (2016–2019).Results and conclusion. The yield of the accessions varied across the years of studies; however, none of them surpassed the reference cv. ‘Kazanskaya 560’. The values of protein content in grain were medium or high. The following accessions had high and stable levels of protein content in grain (15.1–16.1%): ‘TAW 42971/80’ (k-58363, Germany); ‘Lutescens 471 N8’ (Kazakhstan); ‘Rita’ (k-58057), ‘Scotty’ (k-59322) and ‘Nelson’ (all from the U.S.); ‘Moskovskaya 39’ (k-65160, Russia); ‘Bilotserkivchanka’ (k-64330) and ‘Barkan’ (k-64495) (both from Ukraine). Flour swelling power in acetic acid did not fall below 50 ml, attesting to the formation of high-quality grain. This was also confirmed by the protein quality index determined by the S : P ratio, which ranged from 3.6 to 4.7. Sources with high-quality protein were selected from the tested accessions for use in breeding: ‘CDC Clair’ (k-64168, Canada), ‘Lutescens 471 Н8’ (Kazakhstan), ‘Moskovskaya 39’ (Russia), ‘Barkan’ (Ukraine), and ‘Favorytka’ (k-64337, Ukraine)