INFLUENCE OF STATION OF THE YEAR, THE RACE AND THE NUMBER OF BIRTH IN THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF MILK GOATS SEMI FEEDLOT

The stated goal in this study was to evaluate the behavior in dairy goats Saanen and Alpine during the Fall-Winter, as well as the influence of the number of labor in production and milk quality, low semi feedlot conditions. The research was conducted in two phases, the first was held at the ranch "Las Cabrillas", located in the community of San Juan Chilateca, Oaxaca. The second phase was the chemical analysis was performed in the laboratory of dairy , Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICAP ), belonging to the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH ). The variables were: milk production and milk quality: the results obtained with the Milkscam were: Fat (% ), non-fat solids (%) Density (kg/m3), Protein (%) Lactose (%) Total Solids (%), and pH. Statistical analysis was an experimental design factors using the SAS statistical package The System 9. Females Alpine phenotype obtained the highest parameters of the second to fifth birth delivery, with a best result of third birth as production (2,490 kg) , lactose (5.07 %) and density (1030.732  kg/m3 ). Phenotype Saanen females obtained the highest parameters in the fourth. Higher Fall parameters were obtained , where most of the flock is drying and therefore production and elements decreases as fat (4045 %) , protein (2.777 %) , total solids (0.706 % ) and solids increases no fatty (7.381 %)

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of the Mexican Pastoreña Goat

Pastoreña Goats represent an important biological and economic resource in Mexico due to their successful adaptation to the environmental conditions and the type of management exerted by the shepherds. The aim of this study was to analyze the intra-breed genetic diversity and population structure of the Pastoreña Goats from the Mixteca region in Mexico. A battery of 28 microsatellite markers and four reference populations specifically selected for their close relation to the Mexican caprine population were employed to carry out the study. Within the 28 loci analyzed, 203 alleles were detected, with an average of 7.250 ± 3.318 alleles per locus. Mean values of unbiased expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were 0.689 ± 0.210 and 0.667 ± 0.213 respectively. The analysis of population structure and degree of admixture revealed that Pastoreña Goats are a well-defined population that is clearly separated from the other four reference populations used in the study. No evidence of recent genetic bottleneck in the Pastoreña Goat population was detected. The results obtained will be invaluable to establish a sustainable improvement and conservation policies of this local breed

Levels of perfluorinated acids (PFCAs) in different tissues of Lepidochelys olivacea sea turtles from the Escobilla beach (Oaxaca, Mexico)

Lepidochelys olivacea is the most abundant and globally distributed sea turtle species in the world and thus, monitoring this species for persistent organic pollutants, such as perfluorinated chemicals, is fundamental for their protection. This study was the first to evaluate the occurrence of five PFCAs (PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA) in liver and blood samples of Olive Ridley turtle population from the Escobilla beach (Oaxaca, Mexico). PFDA and PFUnA were the predominant PFCs in blood samples (detected in 93% and 84% of samples, respectively) and were also present in the highest concentrations. Liver samples showed higher PFCA concentrations than whole blood samples, with PFNA and PFDA the most abundant PFCs congeners in liver samples, detected in 65% and 47% of the samples, respectively. The measured levels of contaminants in the blood samples of Lepidochelys olivacea sea turtles were compared to the levels reported in the literature for other turtle species. While linear significant correlations between PFNA, PFDA and PFUnA concentrations in blood samples and curved carapace lengths were determined, no correlation was found for PFOA, supporting the hypothesis that sea turtles could have a higher ability to eliminate this perfluorinated chemical from their blood than other PFCAs. However, we do not know if the concentrations are species or sampling areas dependent. © 2016 Elsevier B.V