3,985 research outputs found
On spherical twisted conjugacy classes
Let G be a simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of good
odd characteristic, and let theta be an automorphism of G arising from an
involution of its Dynkin diagram. We show that the spherical theta-twisted
conjugacy classes are precisely those intersecting only Bruhat cells
corresponding to twisted involutions in the Weyl group. We show how the
analogue of this statement fails in the triality case. We generalize to good
odd characteristic J-H. Lu's dimension formula for spherical twisted conjugacy
classes.Comment: proof of Lemma 6.4 polished. The journal version is available at
http://www.springerlink.com/content/k573l88256753640
Detection of respiratory bacterial pathogens causing atypical pneumonia by multiplex Lightmix<sup>®</sup> RT-PCR.
Pneumonia is a severe infectious disease. In addition to common viruses and bacterial pathogens (e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae), fastidious respiratory pathogens like Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Legionella spp. can cause severe atypical pneumonia. They do not respond to penicillin derivatives, which may cause failure of antibiotic empirical therapy. The same applies for infections with B. pertussis and B. parapertussis, the cause of pertussis disease, that may present atypically and need to be treated with macrolides. Moreover, these fastidious bacteria are difficult to identify by culture or serology, and therefore often remain undetected. Thus, rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens causing atypical pneumonia is crucial. We performed a retrospective method evaluation study to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the new, commercially available Lightmix <sup>®</sup> multiplex RT-PCR assay that detects these fastidious bacterial pathogens causing atypical pneumonia. In this retrospective study, 368 clinical respiratory specimens, obtained from patients suffering from atypical pneumonia that have been tested negative for the presence of common agents of pneumonia by culture and viral PCR, were investigated. These clinical specimens have been previously characterized by singleplex RT-PCR assays in our diagnostic laboratory and were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the respiratory multiplex Lightmix <sup>®</sup> RT-PCR. The multiplex RT-PCR displayed a limit of detection between 5 and 10 DNA copies for different in-panel organisms and showed identical performance characteristics with respect to specificity and sensitivity as in-house singleplex RT-PCRs for pathogen detection. The Lightmix <sup>®</sup> multiplex RT-PCR assay represents a low-cost, time-saving and accurate diagnostic tool with high throughput potential. The time-to-result using an automated DNA extraction device for respiratory specimens followed by multiplex RT-PCR detection was below 4 h, which is expected to significantly improve diagnostics for atypical pneumonia-associated bacterial pathogens
Detection of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (mcr-1) in E. coli isolated from pig caecum in Austria
Shear sum rules at finite chemical potential
We derive sum rules which constrain the spectral density corresponding to the
retarded propagator of the T_{xy} component of the stress tensor for three
gravitational duals. The shear sum rule is obtained for the gravitational dual
of the N=4 Yang-Mills, theory of the M2-branes and M5-branes all at finite
chemical potential. We show that at finite chemical potential there are
additional terms in the sum rule which involve the chemical potential. These
modifications are shown to be due to the presence of scalars in the operator
product expansion of the stress tensor which have non-trivial vacuum
expectation values at finite chemical potential.Comment: The proof for the absence of branch cuts is corrected.Results
unchange
Sum rules and three point functions
Sum rules constraining the R-current spectral densities are derived
holographically for the case of D3-branes, M2-branes and M5-branes all at
finite chemical potentials. In each of the cases the sum rule relates a certain
integral of the spectral density over the frequency to terms which depend both
on long distance physics, hydrodynamics and short distance physics of the
theory. The terms which which depend on the short distance physics result from
the presence of certain chiral primaries in the OPE of two R-currents which are
turned on at finite chemical potential. Since these sum rules contain
information of the OPE they provide an alternate method to obtain the structure
constants of the two R-currents and the chiral primary. As a consistency check
we show that the 3 point function derived from the sum rule precisely matches
with that obtained using Witten diagrams.Comment: 41 page
Tidal volumes during delivery room stabilization of (near) term infants
BACKGROUND
We sought to assess tidal volumes in (near) term infants during delivery room stabilization.
METHODS
Secondary analysis of a prospective study comparing two facemasks used for positive pressure ventilation (PPV) in newborn infants ≥ 34 weeks gestation. PPV was provided with a T-piece device with a PIP of 30 cmHO and positive end-expiratory airway pressure of 5 cmHO. Expired tidal volumes (V) were measured with a respiratory function monitor. Target range for V was defined to be 4 - 8 ml/kg.
RESULTS
Twenty-three infants with a median (IQR) gestational age of 38.1 (36.4 - 39.0) weeks received 1828 inflations with a median V of 4.6 (3.3 - 6.2) ml/kg. Median V was in the target range in 12 infants (52%), lower in 9 (39%) and higher in 2 (9%). Thirty-six (25-27) % of the inflations were in the target rage over the duration of PPV while 42 (25 - 65) % and 10 (3 - 33) % were above and below target range.
CONCLUSIONS
Variability of expiratory tidal volume delivered to term and late preterm infants was wide. Reliance on standard pressures and clinical signs may be insufficient to provide safe and effective ventilation in the delivery room.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This is a secondary analysis of a prospectively registered randomized controlled trial (ACTRN12616000768493)
Regular Conjugacy Classes in the Weyl Group and Integrable Hierarchies
Generalized KdV hierarchies associated by Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction to grade
one regular semisimple elements from non-equivalent Heisenberg subalgebras of a
loop algebra \G\otimes{\bf C}[\lambda,\lambda^{-1}] are studied. The graded
Heisenberg subalgebras containing such elements are labelled by the regular
conjugacy classes in the Weyl group {\bf W}(\G) of the simple Lie algebra
\G. A representative w\in {\bf W}(\G) of a regular conjugacy class can be
lifted to an inner automorphism of \G given by , where is the defining vector of an subalgebra
of \G.The grading is then defined by the operator and any grade one regular element from the
Heisenberg subalgebra associated to takes the form , where and is included in an
subalgebra containing . The largest eigenvalue of is
except for some cases in , . We explain how these Lie
algebraic results follow from known results and apply them to construct
integrable systems.If the largest eigenvalue is , then
using any grade one regular element from the Heisenberg subalgebra associated
to we can construct a KdV system possessing the standard \W-algebra
defined by as its second Poisson bracket algebra. For \G a classical
Lie algebra, we derive pseudo-differential Lax operators for those
non-principal KdV systems that can be obtained as discrete reductions of KdV
systems related to . Non-abelian Toda systems are also considered.Comment: 44 pages, ENSLAPP-L-493/94, substantial revision, SWAT-95-77. (use
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