Advanced quantitative proteomics to evaluate molecular effects of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid in human dermal fibroblasts

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is physiologically synthesized by several human cells types but it is also a widespread ingredient of commercial products, from pharmaceuticals to cosmetics. Despite its extended use, the precise intra- and extra-cellular effects of HA at low-molecular-weight (LWM-HA) are currently unclear. At this regard, the aim of this study is to in-depth identify and quantify proteome's changes in normal human dermal fibroblasts after 24 h treatment with 0.125, 0.25 and 0.50 % LMW-HA (20 1250 kDa) respectively, vs controls. To do this, a label-free quantitative proteomic approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry was used. Overall, 2328 proteins were identified of which 39 significantly altered by 0.125 %, 149 by 0.25 % and 496 by 0.50 % LMW-HA. Protein networking studies indicated that the biological effects involve the enhancement of intracellular activity at all concentrations, as well as the extracellular matrix reorganization, proteoglycans and collagen biosynthesis. Moreover, the cell's wellness was confirmed, although mild inflammatory and immune responses were induced at the highest concentration. The more complete comprehension of intra- and extra-cellular effects of LMW-HA here provided by an advanced analytical approach and protein networking will be useful to further exploit its features and improve current formulations

Association of lower fractional flow reserve values with higher risk of adverse cardiac events for lesions deferred revascularization among patients with acute coronary syndrome

BACKGROUND: The safety of deferring revascularization based on fractional flow reserve (FFR) during acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unclear. We evaluated the association of FFR and adverse cardiac events among patients with coronary lesions deferred revascularization based on FFR in the setting of ACS versus non-ACS. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population (674 patients; 816 lesions) was divided into ACS (n=334) and non-ACS (n=340) groups based on the diagnosis when revascularization was deferred based on FFR values >0.80 between October 2002 and July 2010. The association and interaction between FFR and clinical outcomes was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models within each group (mean follow-up of 4.5±2.1 years). Subsequent revascularization of a deferred lesion was classified as a deferred lesion intervention (DLI), whereas the composite of DLI or myocardial infarction (MI) attributed to a deferred lesion was designated as deferred lesion failure (DLF). In the non-ACS group, lower FFR values were not associated with any increase in adverse cardiac events. In the ACS group, every 0.01 decrease in FFR was associated with a significantly higher rate of cardiovascular death, MI, or DLI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.12), MI or DLI (HR, 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.14), DLF (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.18), MI (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.14), and DLI (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.18). CONCLUSION: Lower FFR values among ACS patients with coronary lesions deferred revascularization based on FFR are associated with a significantly higher rate of adverse cardiac events. This association was not observed in non-ACS patients

Untersuchungen ueber die Vertraeglichkeit von Bay Vi 9142 im Trinkwasser sowie die Kompatibilitaet mit den Futterzusatzstoffen Dimetridazol, Ipronidazol und Ronidazol bei der Pute

Available from: Zentralstelle fuer Agrardokumentation und -information (ZADI), Villichgasse 17, D-53177 Bonn / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF NEW ANIONIC SURFACTANTS - THE ALKYLPOLYGLUCOSIDE ESTERS

Atmospheric-pressure ionization mass spectrometry has been successfully applied to characterization of a new class of anionic surfactants, the alkylpolyglucoside esters of sulfosuccic, citric and tartaric acid. Complex mixtures of final and intermediate products were injected directly into the ion source without prior chromatographic separation. The constituents were identified on the basis of quasi-molecular ions: cationized ions or solute-solute cluster ions in positive-ion mode, and deprotonated ions in negative-ion mode. The mass-spectrometric data show that all three final products contain one nonionic and two different types of anionic surfactants. The ''real time,'' highly sensitive mass-spectrometric approach proposed here is well suited for quality control testing of tensides, to ensure the safety of the final product, and far the validation of the manufacturing process, because it is able to identify the individual components of the mixture

From waste to valuable cosmetic raw material: the valorization of coffee silverskin following the approach of circular economy

Coffee silverskin (CS) is a tegument of coffee beans that constitutes a by-product of the roasting process. CS has no commercial value and is currently discarded as a solid waste. CS chemical composition can be broken up into cellulose, lignin, proteins, lipids and phenolic compounds, each of which has a great potentiality as a raw material in many fields, included cosmetics. The aim of the work is to selectively extract the lipid and the phenolic fractions from CS and to study their use as functional and active ingredients in cosmetic formulations. This project is part of a bigger program named CirCo (Circular Coffee), focused on the valorization of this residue of agro-food industry, not only in cosmetics, but also for innovative and sustainable solutions in paper production. CirCo involves different academic and industrial research groups and aims at creating a model that embraces the increasingly emerging circular economy approach, practicing industrial symbiosis, waste-to-resource vision and life cycle thinking. CS extracts are obtained using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), obtaining a promising lipid fraction. The compound is a semisolid brownish material and shows a peculiar composition of fatty acids, with a significant amount of C20:0 and C22:0. The organoleptic and the chemico-physical properties of the resulting lipid fraction are firstly assessed. Its chemical composition is determined by means of fatty acid and unsaponifiable matter analyses. Volatile content analysis, FT-IR, DSC and GPC are used to acquire further technical data. Chemico-physical characterization is targeted on one side to assess the safety and the regulatory compliance, on the other side to classify the lipid fraction in terms of cosmetic properties. A stability study is then performed on the raw material to define its oxidation stability and shelf life, while compatibilities with other ingredients are carried out to guide the formulation. Based on the results obtained, the most suitable formulations are selected to generate prototypal make-up products using the lipid fraction of silverskin. The underway scale-up of the extraction from lab to pilot scale confirms the extraction protocol and guarantees the needed amount of materials for formulating new cosmetic products. The choice to valorize a residue of agro-food industry for different applications, the adoption of a promising and green process such as SFE, the network created among reaserch groups of academia and industry are virtuous elements useful to explore how far we are from a complete sustainable industrial development, where environment, business, quality and safety standards need to fit the same big picture