Children's recall and recognition of sex role stereotyped and discrepant information

This research investigated the influence of differing levels of sex role stereotyped and discrepant information on immediate and delayed (one week) memory. Specifically, kindergarten and second-grade children's recall and recognition of stereotyped, moderately discrepant, and highly discrepant pictures were compared. In Study 1, a sorting procedure was utilized to determine the level of stereotyping of 34 toys. From this study 12 toys were selected as stimuli for Study 2. In Study 2, children's immediate and delayed recall and recognition was assessed. Results suggested significantly better recall of highly discrepant pictures than stereotyped or moderately discrepant pictures. In addition, immediate recall was better than delayed recall and second-grade recall was better than kindergarten recall. Similar trends emerged with the recognition task. Results were discussed with respect to the schematic processing model.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45579/1/11199_2004_Article_BF00289952.pd

High-dose fotemustine in temozolomide-pretreated glioblastoma multiforme patients

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare and deadly disease, with a reported average incidence rate of 3.19 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Fotemustine, a third-generation nitrosourea with an alanine phosphor carrier that facilitates cellular penetration, has been extensively investigated in the setting of recurrent/progressive disease after initial treatment. Fotemustine is usually administered following a schedule consisting of 3 doses every week, followed by maintenance doses administered every 3 weeks. Methods: In this phase I/II trial, we aimed to assess whether the use of a biweekly regimen allowed administration of higher dose than the standard 100mg/m2 dose approved per label indication in a population of patients with recurrent GBM. In this phase I/II trial, fotemustine was administered intravenously over 1hour every 2 weeks at either 120 or 140mg/m2 doses for up to 1 year, until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or patient's request to withdraw from the study. The phase I part of the trial was conducted following the classic 3+3 study design. The phase II part of the trial was a single-arm study. The primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage of patients who had not progressed after 24 weeks (PFS-24). Results: Thirty-seven patients were enrolled in this phase I/II trial from August 2006 to November 2011. Treatment was well tolerated in the overall population. Main severe toxicity was grades 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia, which occurred in 4 of 6 patients treated at the 140mg/m2 dose level and in 3 of 31 patients treated at 120mg/m2. Median PFS and overall survival were 12.1 (1-40.2) weeks and 19.7 (1-102) weeks, respectively. Conclusion: We conclude that fotemustine can be safely administered at 120mg/m2 biweekly. The efficacy of such modified schedule and doses should be compared to the biweekly schedule at 80mg 2 and the standard weekly schedule at 80 to 100mg/m2