642 research outputs found

    Evolutionary Game Theory and Thorstein Veblen’s Evolutionary Economics: Is EGT Veblenian?

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    This essay provides an approach to the analysis of the link between Thorstein Veblen's evolutionary approach and evolutionary game theory (EGT). We shed some light on the potential contribution of Veblen's theory of socioeconomic evolution to the discussion on the application of EGT to social environments. We also investigate to what extent elements of EGT can be used to formalize some of the basic evolutionary principles proposed by Veblen. The methodological imperatives laid down by Veblen, defining an evolutionary approach, are presented. We provide an analytical framework that allows the evaluation of EGT in terms of Veblen's evolutionary approach. To better understand the main principles and rationale behind EGT and how it can be applied as a tool for analyzing issues on the diversity, interaction, and evolution of social systems, we discuss this nontraditional approach and its basic concepts. Finally, the main characteristics of EGT are contrasted with Veblen's principles.Evolution; Evolutionary Economics; Evolutionary; Game Theory; Games

    Subject-specific Performance Information can worsen the Tragedy of the Commons: Experimental Evidence

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    The main aim of this article is to investigate the behavioral consequences of the provision of subject-specific information in the group effort levels chosen by players in an experimental CPR game. We examine two basic treatments, one with incomplete information and the other with complete information. In the former, subjects are informed only about their own individual payoffs and the aggregate extraction effort level of the group, and in the latter they are also informed about the individual effort levels and payoffs of each subject. Given this setting, the basic question we attempt to answer is: Will the provision of subject-specific performance information (i.e. individual’s effort levels and payoffs) improve or worsen the tragedy of the commons (i.e. an exploitation effort level greater than the socially optimum level)? In order to motivate our hypotheses and explain our experimental results at the individual level, we make use of the theory of learning in games, which goes beyond standard non-cooperative game theory, allowing us to explore the three basic benchmarks in the commons context: Nash equilibrium, Pareto efficient, and open access outcomes. We use several learning and imitation theoretical models that are based on contrasting assumptions about the level of rationality and the information available to subjects, namely: best response, imitate the average, mix of best response and imitate the average, imitate the best and follow the exemplary learning rules. Finally, in order to econometrically test the hypotheses formulated from the theoretical predictions we use a random-effects model to assess the explanatory power of the different selected behavioral learning and imitation rules.Common Property Resources, Information, Learning and Imitation, Experimental Economics.

    The Optimal Pricing of Pollution When Enforcement is Costly

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    We consider the pricing of a uniformly mixed pollutant when enforcement is costly with a model of optimal, possibly firm-specific, emissions taxes and their enforcement. We argue that optimality requires an enforcement strategy that induces full compliance by every firm. This holds whether or not regulators have complete information about firms’ abatement costs, the costs of monitoring them for compliance, or the costs of collecting penalties from noncompliant firms. Moreover, ignoring several unrealistic special cases, optimality requires discriminatory emissions taxes except when regulators are unable to observe firms’ abatement costs, the costs of monitoring individual firms, or any firm-specific characteristic that is known to be jointly distributed with either the firms’ abatement costs or their monitoring costs. In many pollution control settings, especially those that have been subject to various forms of environmental regulation in the past, regulators are not likely to be so ill-informed about individual firms. In these settings, policies that set or generate a uniform pollution price like conventional designs involving uniform taxes and competitive emission trading with freely-allocated or auctioned permits will not be efficient.Compliance, Enforcement, Emissions Taxes, Monitoring, Asymmetric Information, Uncertainty

    AportaciÃŗn a la Geología de la regiÃŗn de Barbastro

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    Se da a conocer el resultado de un estudio microtectÃŗnico en los materiales evaporíticos del anticlinal de Barbastro con lo que se pone de manifiesto que este accidente es consecuencia de dos mecanismos de deformaciÃŗn no sincrÃŗnicos: una compresiÃŗn primero y movimientos halocinÊticos locales posteriores.Asimismo, se da una hipÃŗtesis sobre la posible distribuciÃŗn en profundidad del frente del manto de Gavarnie y su relaciÃŗn con el anticlinal

    AportaciÃŗn a la Geología de la regiÃŗn de Barbastro

    Get PDF
    Se da a conocer el resultado de un estudio microtectÃŗnico en los materiales evaporíticos del anticlinal de Barbastro con lo que se pone de manifiesto que este accidente es consecuencia de dos mecanismos de deformaciÃŗn no sincrÃŗnicos: una compresiÃŗn primero y movimientos halocinÊticos locales posteriores.Asimismo, se da una hipÃŗtesis sobre la posible distribuciÃŗn en profundidad del frente del manto de Gavarnie y su relaciÃŗn con el anticlinal

    Presencia de estratificaciÃŗn cruzada Hummocky en depÃŗsitos lacustres del Terciario de la DepresiÃŗn del Ebro

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    En algunos depÃŗsitos carbonatado-terrígenos del Terciario lacustre de la DepresiÃŗn del Ebro se han reconocido estructuras sedimentarias generadas por olas entre las que se han identificado ripples de oscilaciÃŗn así como estratificaciones cruzadas ÂĢHummockyÂģ y ÂĢSwaleyÂģ que evidencian etapas de alta energía. Las investigaciones realizadas ponen de manifiesto que las facies de ÂĢripplesÂģ y ÂĢhummockyÂģ pudieron originarse entre profundidades de 1 y 7 m bajo la acciÃŗn de vientos de 50 km/h como mínimo. Los materiales estudiados son afectados por fallas sin sedimentarias con superficies lístricas de 1,5 m de salto. Las capas con HCS fosilizan estas fallas o estÃĄn cerca de los estratos que las recubren. Por tanto, en la gÊnesis de las facies de HCS se puede considerar la posible acciÃŗn de ÂĢtsunamisÂģ lacustres conectados con la inestabilidad sin sedimentaria provocada por las fallas antes mencionadas

    Presencia de estratificaciÃŗn cruzada Hummocky en depÃŗsitos lacustres del Terciario de la DepresiÃŗn del Ebro

    Get PDF
    En algunos depÃŗsitos carbonatado-terrígenos del Terciario lacustre de la DepresiÃŗn del Ebro se han reconocido estructuras sedimentarias generadas por olas entre las que se han identificado ripples de oscilaciÃŗn así como estratificaciones cruzadas ÂĢHummockyÂģ y ÂĢSwaleyÂģ que evidencian etapas de alta energía. Las investigaciones realizadas ponen de manifiesto que las facies de ÂĢripplesÂģ y ÂĢhummockyÂģ pudieron originarse entre profundidades de 1 y 7 m bajo la acciÃŗn de vientos de 50 km/h como mínimo. Los materiales estudiados son afectados por fallas sin sedimentarias con superficies lístricas de 1,5 m de salto. Las capas con HCS fosilizan estas fallas o estÃĄn cerca de los estratos que las recubren. Por tanto, en la gÊnesis de las facies de HCS se puede considerar la posible acciÃŗn de ÂĢtsunamisÂģ lacustres conectados con la inestabilidad sin sedimentaria provocada por las fallas antes mencionadas
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