929 research outputs found
Modelling Two-Roton Bound State Formation in Fractional Quantum Hall System
Composite Fermion approach using extensive and parallalized numerical
analysis has recently established a two-roton bound state as the lowest energy
long wavelength neutral excitation of FQHE for finite particle (N~30) system.
By focussing on the "oriented dipole" character of magneto roton, we model the
two roton problem and solve it variationally (analytically) to find a two-roton
bound state with binding energy which is in good agreement with the composite
fermion numerical results.Comment: 4 pages, REVTEX file, 3 figures, Minor changes, Accepted for
publication in Physical Review Letter
Limits to Policy Reversal: Privatization in India
We examine the effect of regime change on privatization using the 2004 election surprise in India. In that election, the pro-reform BJP was un-expectedly defeated by a less reformist coalition. Government controlled companies that were being studied for complete privatization by the BJP dropped by 7.5 percent relative to private firms. By contrast, government controlled firms that were not being considered for privatization, or firms that had already been fully privatized firms, did not experience significant drop relative to private firms. Firms that the BJP had slated for definite future privatization experienced intermediate declines of approximately 3.5 percent. We interpret this as evidence consistent with investor belief of policy irreversibility in privatization, where reforms may reach a 'point of no return' beyond which future regimes have difficulty reversing those policies. Taking advantage of an 'intermediate' event where policies were expected to be more heavily influenced by the communist party, we still find evidence consistent with policy irreversibility.
Testing Limits to Policy Reversal: Evidence from Indian Privatizations
We examine the effect of regime change on privatization using the 2004 election surprise in India. The pro-reform BJP was unexpectedly defeated by a less reformist coalition. Stock prices of government-controlled companies that had been slated for definite privatization by the BJP dropped by 3.5 percent relative to private firms. Surprisingly, government-controlled companies that were only under study for possible privatization fell by 7.5 percent relative to private firms. We interpret this as evidence of investor belief of policy irreversibility, where reforms may reach a stage beyond which future regimes have difficulty reversing those policies. Further analysis suggests that layoffs, combined with the privatization announcement, served as a credible commitment to the government's privatization agenda.
Odd-Parity Bipolar Spherical Harmonics
Bipolar spherical harmonics (BiPoSHs) provide a general formalism for
quantifying departures in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from
statistical isotropy (SI) and from Gaussianity. However, prior work has focused
only on BiPoSHs with even parity. Here we show that there is another set of
BiPoSHs with odd parity, and we explore their cosmological applications. We
describe systematic artifacts in a CMB map that could be sought by measurement
of these odd-parity BiPoSH modes. These BiPoSH modes may also be produced
cosmologically through lensing by gravitational waves (GWs), among other
sources. We derive expressions for the BiPoSH modes induced by the weak lensing
of both scalar and tensor perturbations. We then investigate the possibility of
detecting parity-breaking physics, such as chiral GWs, by cross-correlating
opposite parity BiPoSH modes with multipole moments of the CMB polarization. We
find that the expected signal-to-noise of such a detection is modest.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, Accepted to PR
A conceptual review of Basti (Urinary Bladder) as Pranayatana
Ayurveda is a system of medicine, which gives the way of perfect living with nature. It is a science which is on the rise as a result of various discussion and researches from ancient time onwards. Its gives equal importance to preventive and curative aspects of disease. As we know the diagnosis of any disease is very important before treatment, similarly the knowledge of Rachana Sharir is also important before diagnosis. The word Pranayatana is formed by two words – Prana + Ayatana. Here Ayatana means residing place (Ashraya Sthana) and Prana means live attribute (life). So, the Sthana which gives seat for Prana is called as Pranayatana. Basti is one such Pranayatana mentioned in Charaka Samhita. It has been given much importance that it has been mentioned both in the context of Dasha Pranayatana and Marma. In this article, an attempt is made to understand and review Basti in the context of Dasha Pranayatanas
Galactic Foreground Constraints from the Python V Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Data
We constrain Galactic foreground contamination of the Python V cosmic
microwave background anisotropy data by cross correlating it with foreground
contaminant emission templates. To model foreground emission we use 100 and 12
m dust emission templates and two point source templates based on the PMN
survey. The analysis takes account of inter-modulation correlations in 8
modulations of the data that are sensitive to a large range of angular scales
and also densely sample a large area of sky. As a consequence the analysis here
is highly constraining. We find little evidence for foreground contamination in
an analysis of the whole data set. However, there is indication that
foregrounds are present in the data from the larger-angular-scale modulations
of those Python V fields that overlap the region scanned earlier by the UCSB
South Pole 1994 experiment. This is an independent consistency cross-check of
findings from the South Pole 1994 data.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, ApJ accepted versio
Statistical isotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background
The breakdown of statistical homogeneity and isotropy of cosmic perturbations
is a generic feature of ultra large scale structure of the cosmos, in
particular, of non trivial cosmic topology. The statistical isotropy (SI) of
the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature fluctuations (CMB anisotropy) is
sensitive to this breakdown on the largest scales comparable to, and even
beyond the cosmic horizon. We propose a set of measures,
() which for non-zero values indicate and quantify statistical
isotropy violations in a CMB map. We numerically compute the predicted
spectra for CMB anisotropy in flat torus universe models.
Characteristic signature of different models in the spectrum are
noted.Comment: Presented at PASCOS'03, January 3-8, 2003, in TIFR, Mumbai; to be
published in a special issue of 'Pramana' (4 pages, 1 figure, style files
included
Unveiling Hidden Patterns in CMB Anisotropy Maps
Bianchi VII_h models have been recently proposed to explain potential
anomalies in the CMB anisotropy as observed by WMAP. We investigate the
violation of statistical isotropy due to an embedded Bianchi VII_h templates in
the CMB anisotropy maps to determine whether the existence of a hidden Bianchi
template in the WMAP data is consistent with the previous null detection of the
bipolar power spectrum in the WMAP first year maps. We argue that although
correcting the WMAP maps for the Bianchi template may explain some features in
the WMAP data it may cause other anomalies such as preferred directions leading
to detectable levels of violation of statistical isotropy in the Bianchi
corrected maps. We compute the bipolar power spectrum for the low density
Bianchi VII_h models embedded in the background CMB anisotropy maps with the
power spectrum that have been shown in recent literature to best fit the first
year WMAP data. By examining statistical isotropy of these maps, we put a limit
of {\sigma/H}_0 < 2.77E-10 (99% CL) on the shear parameter in Bianchi VII_h
models.Comment: Matches version accepted to Phys Rev D. Results unchanged. Paper
shortened, sharpened, typos fixed. See earlier version for a review of CMB
anisotropy patterns in Bianchi universe model
Validation of Experimental and Finite Element Biomechanical Evaluation of Human Cadaveric Mandibles
Background: Biomechanical analysis of human mandible is important not only to understand mechanical behavior and structural properties, but also to diagnose and develop treatment options for mandibular disorders. Therefore, the objective of this research was to generate analytical and experimental data on mandibles, construct custom 3D models, and compare the analytically derived maximum strains with strain gage data in five areas of interest for each mandible. Methods: We investigated the surface strains in the cadaveric human mandibles under different configurations of cyclic compressive loads in an experimental setting and compared these experimental strain data with results derived from computational finite element analysis (FEA), accurately replicating the experiments. Strains on the surface of each mandible were measured with strain gauges, and subsequently a subject-specific finite element (FE) volume mesh was generated from computed tomography (CT) scans of each mandible. Strain patterns of each mandible were derived from the FEA simulating the experimental setup and matched with the experimental data. Findings: Analysis of experimental data showed that strain as measured at the condylar locations was significantly different from those at other locations on the mandible, and that the sex and age of the subject did not have a significant correlation with the strain. Comparing the FE numerical predictions with the experimental data, we found a good statistical correlation and statistical agreement between in-vitro measurements and FE results. Interpretation: The study demonstrates that our methodology of generating subject-specific FE models is a valid and accurate, non-invasive method to evaluate the complex biomechanical behavior of human mandibles
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