Emancipation Education Thanks to a Mobile Digital Device

Within the remote and isolated Internally Displaced Person (IDP) camps of Northern Iraq, the needs of IDPs go beyond that of basic humanitarian aid, as clearly expressed in the Inter-Agency Rapid Assessment Report in August 2014. We have carried out an anthropologically oriented critique and have noticed a gap between what is acknowledged in the report and the effectiveness of humanitarian aid action in the field. Regrettably, the report shows intentions that leave IDPs alone with their concerns, especially regarding young people’s future. Where is the opportunity to reconnect with the world while in these camps? This article identifies problematic issues in relation to education and humanitarian aid in the camps and discusses a response to this critique by developing an emancipation through education project for disinherited youths living in hostile IDP camps. The purpose is to evaluate how such an NPO project could provide an answer by combining both a technological and a pedagogical approach. Following the wishes of the IDPs, a two phase program is designed, based on praxis and emphasizing emancipation that privileges autonomy, a situated pedagogy, an oral transmission culture and creative transmission through theatre in order to fulfil the information and education needs of these youths

The Collaborative Image of The City: Mapping the Inequality of Urban Perception

A traveler visiting Rio, Manila or Caracas does not need a report to learn that these cities are unequal; she can see it directly from the taxicab window. This is because in most cities inequality is conspicuous, but also, because cities express different forms of inequality that are evident to casual observers. Cities are highly heterogeneous and often unequal with respect to the income of their residents, but also with respect to the cleanliness of their neighborhoods, the beauty of their architecture, and the liveliness of their streets, among many other evaluative dimensions. Until now, however, our ability to understand the effect of a city's built environment on social and economic outcomes has been limited by the lack of quantitative data on urban perception. Here, we build on the intuition that inequality is partly conspicuous to create quantitative measure of a city's contrasts. Using thousands of geo-tagged images, we measure the perception of safety, class and uniqueness; in the cities of Boston and New York in the United States, and Linz and Salzburg in Austria, finding that the range of perceptions elicited by the images of New York and Boston is larger than the range of perceptions elicited by images from Linz and Salzburg. We interpret this as evidence that the cityscapes of Boston and New York are more contrasting, or unequal, than those of Linz and Salzburg. Finally, we validate our measures by exploring the connection between them and homicides, finding a significant correlation between the perceptions of safety and class and the number of homicides in a NYC zip code, after controlling for the effects of income, population, area and age. Our results show that online images can be used to create reproducible quantitative measures of urban perception and characterize the inequality of different cities.MIT Media Lab Consortiu

Industry in Motion: Using Smart Phones to Explore the Spatial Network of the Garment Industry in New York City

Industrial agglomerations have long been thought to offer economic and social benefits to firms and people that are only captured by location within their specified geographies. Using the case study of New York City’s garment industry along with data acquired from cell phones and social media, this study set out to understand the discrete activities underpinning the economic dynamics of an industrial agglomeration. Over a two week period, data was collected by employing the geo-locative capabilities of Foursquare, a social media application, to record every movement of fashion workers employed at fashion design firms located both inside and outside the geographical boundaries of New York City’s Garment District. This unique method of studying worker activity exposed the day-to-day dynamics of an industrial district with a precision thus far undocumented in literature. Our work suggests that having access to the cluster provides almost the same agglomeration economies as residing within its borders.Rockefeller Foundatio

Researches on the rootstock potentiality of chestnut types (Castanea sativa Mill.) grown in Marmara Region

Bu çalışma, 19-23 Ekim 1998 tarihleri arasında Bordeaux Fransa'daki Uluslararası 2. Kestane Sempozyumunda bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.This research was conducted, with the aim to select the chestnut types which have superior quality with respect to their emergency rate, seedling growth and tolerance to drought. Fruit samples were collected from various parts of the Marmara Region, in different years. In total 56 types and / or cultivars were studied. Germination rates of unstratified seeds of some types were generally low (5.0-37.5 %) with one exception (52.5 %). While seeds of some types could break their dormancy after one month of stratification, the others needed 2-4 months. Average emergency rates of the types or cultivars varied from 17.6% to 86.6%. Soil conditions drastically affected these rates. Values of seedling height and diameter were changed, by the types. Maximum diameter was 6-7 mm, and height was nearly 30 cm after a season's growth. The coefficient of variance (CV) of height and diameter, straight growth habit, were also different according to the types. Albino seedling rate reached to 22 % in one type. More or less differences in tolerance to drought were determined among the types tested. The first sign of damage from water loss, commenced at the level of 8.1-17.7 % soil water content, and the complete damage occurred at 6.1-11.4% soil-water level, depending on the type. Water loss, from per cm(2) of leaf area was negatively correlated with the total surface leaf area of the type. When all data taken are into consideration, the following types could be distinguished in the first step of the selection study. 52112, 52114, 51101, 51104, 51205, 76, 60.INRAConseil Reg AquitaineAgri ObtentionsCtif

Behaviour of Prunus cultivars and hybrids towards Agrobacterium tumefaciens estimated from hardwood cuttings

Using the hardwood cuttings method, the behaviour of different Prunus spp, which can be used as rootstocks, was evaluated for susceptibility to the telluric bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens that induces crown gall. The results show that: i) for Prunus cerasifera all the clones studied are susceptible (among them the clone P2032 seems the least susceptible), and so are the different hybrids issued from crosses including P cerasifera, except P2038 which is an hybrid between P besseyi and P cerasifera; ii) for Prunus domestica there is a low level of susceptibility among the clones and the hybrids issued from crosses including P domestica. P domestica seems interesting to use in breeding programs to introduce a low susceptibility to A tumefaciens.Comportement d'hybrides et de cultivars de Prunus, vis-à-vis d'Agrobacterium tumefaciens, estimé à partir de boutures ligneuses. En utilisant la méthode de boutures ligneuses, le comportement de différents Prunus, pouvant servir de porte-greffe, est étudié vis-à-vis de la bactérie tellurique Agrobacterium tumefaciens, microorganisme responsable de la galle du collet. Les résultats montrent que : i) pour les Prunus cerasifera, tous les clones étudiés sont sensibles (parmi eux, le clone P2032 semble le moins sensible) ainsi que les différents hybrides issus de croisements comportant P cerasifera, excepté le P2038 qui est un hybride entre P besseyi et P cerasifera ; ii) pour les Prunus domestica, le niveau de sensibilité est faible tant parmi les clones que parmi les hybrides ayant P domestica comme parent. P domestica apparaît intéressant à utiliser dans des plans de croisements, pour introduire une moindre sensibilité à A tumefaciens

Peach/plum graft incompatibility: structural, physiological and genetic aspects

International audienc

Les nématodes à galles chez les Prunus : vers la création de porte-greffe hautement résistants

National audienc