Impact of row spacing, seeding rate and seeding date on soybean

Non-Peer Reviewe

Nitrogen rate for irrigated oats on terminated alfalfa

Non-Peer Reviewe

Laboratory to the marketplace: scientific challenges in commercializing a phosphate solubilizing microorganism

Non-Peer ReviewedThe commercialization of phosphate inoculant is a challenging process. The active ingredient of the phosphate inoculant JumpStart® (P. bilaiae) was isolated in 1982. Although the concept of P solubilization was proven, much additional research was required. Cost effective manufacturing processes, packaging and QA systems, and easy-to-use, shelf stable formulations needed to be developed. Extensive field research to confirm efficacy was needed. Comprehensive data on compatibility with seed-applied pesticides were required. Development continues to be an on-going process with the use of the product on new crops, improved production methods and formulations, new applications, and continuing market research to monitor changing farmer needs

Pretargeted adjuvant radioimmunotherapy with Yttrium-90-biotin in malignant glioma patients: A pilot study

In a previous study we applied a three-step avidin–biotin pretargeting approach to target 90Y-biotin to the tumour in patients with recurrent high grade glioma. The encouraging results obtained in this phase I–II study prompted us to apply the same approach in an adjuvant setting, to evaluate (i) time to relapse and (ii) overall survival. We enrolled 37 high grade glioma patients, 17 with grade III glioma and 20 with glioblastoma, in a controlled open non-randomized study. All patients received surgery and radiotherapy and were disease-free by neuroradiological examinations. Nineteen patients (treated) received adjuvant treatment with radioimmunotherapy. In the treated glioblastoma patients, median disease-free interval was 28 months (range=9–59); median survival was 33.5 months and one patient is still without evidence of disease. All 12 control glioblastoma patients died after a median survival from diagnosis of 8 months. In the treated grade III glioma patients median disease-free interval was 56 months (range=15–60) and survival cannot be calculated as only two, within this group, died. Three-step radioimmunotherapy promises to have an important role as adjuvant treatment in high grade gliomas, particularly in glioblastoma where it impedes progression, prolonging time to relapse and overall survival. A further randomized trial is justified

Razvoj radiomarkiranog β-humanog koriogonadotropina

-human chorionic gonadotropin (-hCG) was successively labeled with [67Ga] gallium chloride after conjugation with freshly prepared diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid dianhydride (ccDTPA). After solid phase purification of the radiolabeled hormone, high performance liquid chromatography showed radiochemical purity higher than 95 % under optimized conditions (specific activity = 2223 TBq mM1, labeling efficiency 80 %). Preliminary in vivo studies (ID g1, %) in male wild-type rats showed marked gonadal uptake of the tracer after 240 minutes in agreement with the biodistribution studies and reported -hCG receptors. Target to blood ratios were 5.1 and 15.2 after 3 and 24 hours, respectively, while target to muscle ratios were 35 and 40 after 3 and 24 hours, respectively.Beta-humani korionski gonadotropin (beta-hCG) uspješno je markiran s [67Ga] galijevim kloridom nakon konjugacije sa svježe priređenim dianhidridom dietilentriaminpentaoctene kiseline (ccDTPA). Nakon čišćenja radiomarkiranog hormona na čvrstoj fazi, radiokemijska čistoća bila je prema HPLC veća od 95 % (specifična aktivnost = 22-23 TBq mM-1, učinkovitost markiranja 80 %). Preliminarni in vivo pokusi (ID g-1, %) na mužjacima divljeg tipa štakora pokazali su da obilježeni hormon značajno ulazi u gonade nakon 240 minuta, što je u suglasnosti s ispitivanjima biodistribucije i podacima o receptorima za beta-hCG. Omjer koncentracija u gonadama i krvi bio je 5,1, odnosno 15,2 nakon 3, odnosno 24 sata, dok je omjer koncentracija u gonadama i mišićima bio 35, odnosno 40 nakon 3, odnosno 24 sata

Albumin-derived peptides efficiently reduce renal uptake of radiolabelled peptides

Contains fulltext : 88022.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)PURPOSE: In peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), the maximum activity dose that can safely be administered is limited by high renal uptake and retention of radiolabelled peptides. The kidney radiation dose can be reduced by coinfusion of agents that competitively inhibit the reabsorption of radiolabelled peptides, such as positively charged amino acids, Gelofusine, or trypsinised albumin. The aim of this study was to identify more specific and potent inhibitors of the kidney reabsorption of radiolabelled peptides, based on albumin. METHODS: Albumin was fragmented using cyanogen bromide and six albumin-derived peptides with different numbers of electric charges were selected and synthesised. The effect of albumin fragments (FRALB-C) and selected albumin-derived peptides on the internalisation of (111)In-albumin, (111)In-minigastrin, (111)In-exendin and (111)In-octreotide by megalin-expressing cells was assessed. In rats, the effect of Gelofusine and albumin-derived peptides on the renal uptake and biodistribution of (111)In-minigastrin, (111)In-exendin and (111)In-octreotide was determined. RESULTS: FRALB-C significantly reduced the uptake of all radiolabelled peptides in vitro. The albumin-derived peptides showed different potencies in reducing the uptake of (111)In-albumin, (111)In-exendin and (111)In-minigastrin in vitro. The most efficient albumin-derived peptide (peptide #6), was selected for in vivo testing. In rats, 5 mg of peptide #6 very efficiently inhibited the renal uptake of (111)In-minigastrin, by 88%. Uptake of (111)In-exendin and (111)In-octreotide was reduced by 26 and 33%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The albumin-derived peptide #6 efficiently inhibited the renal reabsorption of (111)In-minigastrin, (111)In-exendin and (111)In-octreotide and is a promising candidate for kidney protection in PRRT.1 februari 201

A novel immunoscintigraphy technique using metabolizable linker with angiotensin II treatment

Immunoscintigraphy is a tumour imaging technique that can have specificity, but high background radioactivity makes it difficult to obtain tumour imaging soon after the injection of radioconjugate. The aim of this study is to see whether clear tumour images can be obtained soon after injection of a radiolabelled reagent using a new linker with antibody fragments (Fab), in conditions of induced hypertension in mice. Fab fragments of a murine monoclonal antibody against human osteosarcoma were labelled with radioiodinated 3′-iodohippuryl N-ɛ-maleoyl-L-lysine (HML) and were injected intravenously to tumour-bearing mice. Angiotensin II was administered for 4 h before and for 1 h after the injection of radiolabelled Fab. Kidney uptake of 125I-labelled-HML-Fab was much lower than that of 125I-labelled-Fab radioiodinated by the chloramine-T method, and the radioactivity of tumour was increased approximately two-fold by angiotensin II treatment at 3 h after injection, indicating high tumour-to-normal tissue ratios. A clear tumour image was obtained with 131I-labelled-HML-Fab at 3 h post-injection. The use of HML as a radiolabelling reagent, combined with angiotensin II treatment, efficiently improved tumour targeting and enabled the imaging of tumours. These results suggest the feasibility of PET scan using antibody fragment labelled with 18F-fluorine substitute for radioiodine. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaig

Response of chickpea to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization

Non-Peer ReviewedA field study conducted in 1996 at four locations on soils with relatively low levels of available N and/or to investigate the N and P fertility requirements of desi- and kabuli-type chickpea. The treatments included four levels of “starter N” (46-O-O at 0, 15, 30, and 45 kg N ha-l) and 3 levels of seed-placed P205 (11-54-o at 0,20, and 40 kg P205 ha-l). Regular monitoring of the plots indicated that although growth stages during active plant growth (i.e., days to flowering, pod formation, etc.) were largely unaffected by fertilizer application, seed maturity was, in some instances, extended as a consequence of fertilizer application. Estimates of symbiotic N2 fixation suggest that increasing increments of fertilizer N resulted in concomitant reductions in symbiotic N2 fixation by kabuli-type chickpea whereas symbiotic NZ fixation by desi-type chickpea was less sensitive to inorganic N. Application of “starter N” and seed-placed P205 did not confer a predictable seed yield advantage to either desi- or kabuli-type chickpea. Because results of the 1996 field season indicated few, if any, yield responses to seed-placed N and P, the field design was modified in 1997 to accommodate side-band applications of PI05 fertilizer. As was observed in 1996, application of starter N reduced NZ fixation and did not result in a significant seed yield advantage. Moreover, in 1997, application of P205 did not confer a consistent seed yield advantage at all sites. Similarly, the influence of P205 placement on seed yield was not consistent