Maintenance of Railway Infrastructure Using Cyber-Physical Systems

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) facilitate the recent advancements in manufacturing to make it a comprehensive system that incorporates computational intelligence, communication technologies, context-awareness and data analytics. The potential of CPS is not only confined to manufacturing but are also applicable to other complex infrastructure systems that necessitate improved life cycle and asset management system. The maintenance of such a system of systems necessitates a holistic view of the infrastructure for effective decision support methodologies. This paper discusses infrastructure maintenance from the viewpoint of life cycle management within the structure of cyber-physical systems. This paper also discusses several assisting technologies to support the development of CP. In addition, some use cases are provided from the literature and based on their experience, a CPS framework is developed for Swedish Railway Infrastructure. This CPS system also enables the development of Digital Twin for Railways.ISBN för värdpublikation: 978-981-15-3642-7, 978-981-15-3643-4</p

Reduplication with fixed segmentism

Fixed segmentism is the phenomenon whereby a reduplicative morpheme contains segments that are invariant rather than copied. We investigate it within Optimality Theory, arguing that it falls into two distinct types, phonological and morphological. Phonological fixed segmentism is analyzed under the OT rubric of emergence of the unmarked. It therefore has significant connections to markedness theory, sharing properties with other domains where markedness is relevant and showing context-dependence. In contrast, morphological fixed segmentism is a kind of affixation, and so it resembles affixing morphology generally. The two types are contrasted, and claims about impossible patterns of fixed segmentism are developed