Wastewater treatment and reuse: an institutional analysis for Hyderabad, India

River basinsWater pollutionSewageEffluentsPollution controlLegislationWaste managementWater qualityGuidelinesWastewater irrigationHealth hazardsRiceGrassesInstitutional reformCase studies

Continuous-wave, multimilliwatt, mid-infrared source tunable across 6.4–7.5 μm based on orientation-patterned GaAs

We report a continuous-wave (cw) source of tunable mid-infrared radiation providing tens of milliwatt of output power in the 6460–7517 nm spectral range. The source is based on difference-frequency generation (DFG) in orientation-patterned (OP)-GaAs pumped by a Tm-fiber laser at 2010 nm and a 1064 nm-Yb-fiber-pumped cw optical parametric oscillator. Using a 25.7-mm-long OP-GaAs crystal, we have generated up to 51.1 mW of output power at 6790 nm, with >40 mW and >20 mW across 32% and 80% of the mid-infrared tuning range, respectively, which is to the best of our knowledge the highest tunable cw power generated in OP-GaAs in this spectral range. The DFG output at maximum power exhibits passive power stability better than 2.3% rms over more than 1 h and a frequency stability of 1.8 GHz over more than 1 min, in high spatial beam quality. The system and crystal performance at high pump powers have been studiedPostprint (published version

Tamil Literature at a Glance at the Food and Food Science of the Ancient Tamils

Man's quest for food made him undergo successive evolutions. After human society started its agriculture on the banks of rivers, it gradually reached the pinnacle of its civilization. Mahakavi Bharathi's slogan "If there is no food for a single person, we will destroy this world" shows us that food is an essential necessity for all living beings Thirumoolar refers to the body as the temple and the life itself as God. His poem tells us that when the two work in harmony, the energy found there will flow into great energy. The health of the body is the source of the power of the intellect and the wellbeing of the mind. This research article seeks to know how the food and food science of our ancient Tamils who stood with ethics and knowledge were there

A Rare Xanthogranulomatous Oophoritis Presenting as Ovarian Cancer

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is an uncommon form of chronic inflammation that is destructive to affected organs; it is characterized by the presence of lipid-filled macrophages with admixed lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils. Only a few cases of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis have been reported to date. We describe a rare case of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis with involvement of omentum

Nematophagous fungi: Metarhizium anisopliae

Plant-parasitic nematodes are major pests affecting many economically important crop productions throughout the world. Some chemicals are widely used against the phytonematodes. Because of hazardous effects of these compounds on human beings, animals and on the environment, there is a need to develop other control strategies. Biocontrol of phytonematodes is an important method among environment-friendly measures of nematode management. There are some soil-inhabiting fungi that have biocontrol potential on phytonematodes, which can be used for nematode management. The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, originally is an entomopathogenic bioagent has been utilizing as bionematicides. The fungus produces some secondary metabolite which may play a role in pathogenicity. Biocontrol potential of this fungus on some phytonematodes has been reported and its utilization is a major approach towards sustainable and environment friendly agricultural production