105 research outputs found
An attempt to explore the production routes of Astatine radionuclides: Theoretical approach
In order to fulfil the recent thrust of Astatine radionuclides in the field
of nuclear medicine various production routes have been explored in the present
work. The possible production routes of At comprise both light and
heavy ion induced reactions at the bombarding energy range starting from
threshold to maximum 100 MeV energy. For this purpose, we have used the nuclear
reaction model codes TALYS, ALICE91 and PACE-II. Excitation functions of those
radionuclides, produced through various production routes, have been calculated
using nuclear reaction model codes and compared with the available measured
data. Contribution of various reaction mechanisms, like, direct, preequilibrium
and equilibrium reactions, to the total reaction cross section has been studied
using the codes. Result shows that equilibrium reaction mechanism dominates in
all cases over other reaction mechanisms
Spallation reactions. A successful interplay between modeling and applications
The spallation reactions are a type of nuclear reaction which occur in space
by interaction of the cosmic rays with interstellar bodies. The first
spallation reactions induced with an accelerator took place in 1947 at the
Berkeley cyclotron (University of California) with 200 MeV deuterons and 400
MeV alpha beams. They highlighted the multiple emission of neutrons and charged
particles and the production of a large number of residual nuclei far different
from the target nuclei. The same year R. Serber describes the reaction in two
steps: a first and fast one with high-energy particle emission leading to an
excited remnant nucleus, and a second one, much slower, the de-excitation of
the remnant. In 2010 IAEA organized a worskhop to present the results of the
most widely used spallation codes within a benchmark of spallation models. If
one of the goals was to understand the deficiencies, if any, in each code, one
remarkable outcome points out the overall high-quality level of some models and
so the great improvements achieved since Serber. Particle transport codes can
then rely on such spallation models to treat the reactions between a light
particle and an atomic nucleus with energies spanning from few tens of MeV up
to some GeV. An overview of the spallation reactions modeling is presented in
order to point out the incomparable contribution of models based on basic
physics to numerous applications where such reactions occur. Validations or
benchmarks, which are necessary steps in the improvement process, are also
addressed, as well as the potential future domains of development. Spallation
reactions modeling is a representative case of continuous studies aiming at
understanding a reaction mechanism and which end up in a powerful tool.Comment: 59 pages, 54 figures, Revie
WOSMIP II- Workshop on Signatures of Medical and Industrial Isotope Production
Medical and industrial fadioisotopes are fundamental tools used in science, medicine and industry with an ever expanding usage in medical practice where their availability is vital. Very sensitive environmental radionuclide monitoring networks have been developed for nuclear-security-related monitoring [particularly Comprehensive Test-Ban-Treaty (CTBT) compliance verification] and are now operational
- …