Lifting of D1-D5-P states

We consider states of the D1-D5 CFT where only the left-moving sector is excited. As we deform away from the orbifold point, some of these states will remain BPS while others can `lift'. We compute this lifting for a particular family of D1-D5-P states, at second order in the deformation off the orbifold point. We note that the maximally twisted sector of the CFT is special: the covering surface appearing in the correlator can only be genus one while for other sectors there is always a genus zero contribution. We use the results to argue that fuzzball configurations should be studied for the full class including both extremal and near-extremal states; many extremal configurations may be best seen as special limits of near extremal configurations.Comment: 51 pages, 6 figure

Hidden symmetry of the three-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell equations

It is shown how to generate three-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell fields from known ones in the presence of a hypersurface-orthogonal non-null Killing vector field. The continuous symmetry group is isomorphic to the Heisenberg group including the Harrison-type transformation. The symmetry of the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system is also studied and it is shown that there is the $SL(2,{\bf R})$ transformation between the Maxwell and the dilaton fields. This $SL(2,{\bf R})$ transformation is identified with the Geroch transformation of the four-dimensional vacuum Einstein equation in terms of the Ka{\l}uza-Klein mechanism.Comment: 5 page

Planet formation, orbital evolution and planet-star tidal interaction

We consider several processes operating during the late stages of planet formation that can affect observed orbital elements. Disk-planet interactions, tidal interactions with the central star, long term orbital instability and the Kozai mechanism are discussed.Comment: 26 pages, TeX, 3 figures (2 in color), 2 style files (ppiv-style.tex and epsf.sty), to be published in "Protostars and Planets IV," eds. A. Boss, V. Mannings, and S. Russel

Eccentricity Evolution of Extrasolar Multiple Planetary Systems due to the Depletion of Nascent Protostellar Disks

Most extrasolar planets are observed to have eccentricities much larger than those in the solar system. Some of these planets have sibling planets, with comparable masses, orbiting around the same host stars. In these multiple planetary systems, eccentricity is modulated by the planets' mutual secular interaction as a consequence of angular momentum exchange between them. For mature planets, the eigenfrequencies of this modulation are determined by their mass and semi-major axis ratios. But, prior to the disk depletion, self gravity of the planets' nascent disks dominates the precession eigenfrequencies. We examine here the initial evolution of young planets' eccentricity due to the apsidal libration or circulation induced by both the secular interaction between them and the self gravity of their nascent disks. We show that as the latter effect declines adiabatically with disk depletion, the modulation amplitude of the planets' relative phase of periapse is approximately invariant despite the time-asymmetrical exchange of angular momentum between planets. However, as the young planets' orbits pass through a state of secular resonance, their mean eccentricities undergo systematic quantitative changes. For applications, we analyze the eccentricity evolution of planets around Upsilon Andromedae and HD168443 during the epoch of protostellar disk depletion. We find that the disk depletion can change the planets' eccentricity ratio. However, the relatively large amplitude of the planets' eccentricity cannot be excited if all the planets had small initial eccentricities.Comment: 50 pages including 11 figures, submitted to Ap

New Five Dimensional Black Holes Classified by Horizon Geometry, and a Bianchi VI Braneworld

We introduce two new families of solutions to the vacuum Einstein equations with negative cosmological constant in 5 dimensions. These solutions are static black holes whose horizons are modelled on the 3-geometries nilgeometry and solvegeometry. Thus the horizons (and the exterior spacetimes) can be foliated by compact 3-manifolds that are neither spherical, toroidal, hyperbolic, nor product manifolds, and therefore are of a topological type not previously encountered in black hole solutions. As an application, we use the solvegeometry solutions to construct Bianchi VI$_{-1}$ braneworld cosmologies.Comment: LaTeX, 20 pages, 2 figures Typographical errors corrected, and references to printed matter added in favour of preprints where possibl

Semi-transparent brane-worlds

We study the evolution of a closed Friedmann brane perturbed by the Hawking radiation escaping a bulk black hole. The semi-transparent brane absorbes some of the infalling radiation, the rest being transmitted across the brane to the other bulk region. We characterize the cosmological evolution in terms of the transmission rate $\epsilon$. For small values of $\epsilon$ a critical-like behaviour could be observed, when the acceleration due to radiation pressure and the deceleration induced by the increasing self-gravity of the brane roughly compensate each other, and cosmological evolution is approximately the same as without radiation. Lighter (heavier) branes than those with the critical energy density will recollapse slower (faster). This feature is obstructed at high values of $\epsilon$, where the overall effect of the radiation is to speed-up the recollapse. We determine the maximal value of the transmission rate for which the critical-like behaviour is observed. We also study the effect of transmission on the evolution of different source terms of the Friedmann equation. We conclude that among all semi-transparent branes the slowest recollapse occurs for light branes with total absorption.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure

Asymmetric embedding in brane cosmology

We derive a system of cosmological equations for a braneworld with induced curvature which is a junction between several bulk spaces. The permutation symmetry of the bulk spaces is not imposed, and the values of the fundamental constants, and even the signatures of the extra dimension, may be different on different sides of the brane. We then consider the usual partial case of two asymmetric bulk spaces and derive an exact closed system of scalar equations on the brane. We apply this result to the cosmological evolution on such a brane and describe its various partial cases.Comment: 10 page

Aspects and consequences of a dressed-quark-gluon vertex

Features of the dressed-quark-gluon vertex and their role in the gap and Bethe-Salpeter equations are explored. It is argued that quenched lattice data indicate the existence of net attraction in the colour-octet projection of the quark-antiquark scattering kernel. This attraction affects the uniformity with which solutions of truncated equations converge pointwise to solutions of the complete gap and vertex equations. For current-quark masses less than the scale set by dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, the dependence of the dressed-quark-gluon vertex on the current-quark mass is weak. The study employs a vertex model whose diagrammatic content is explicitly enumerable. That enables the systematic construction of a vertex-consistent Bethe-Salpeter kernel and thereby an exploration of the consequences for the strong interaction spectrum of attraction in the colour-octet channel. With rising current-quark mass the rainbow-ladder truncation is shown to provide an increasingly accurate estimate of a bound state's mass. Moreover, the calculated splitting between vector and pseudoscalar meson masses vanishes as the current-quark mass increases, which argues for the mass of the pseudoscalar partner of the \Upsilon(1S) to be above 9.4 GeV. The absence of colour-antitriplet diquarks from the strong interaction spectrum is contingent upon the net amount of attraction in the octet projected quark-antiquark scattering kernel. There is a window within which diquarks appear. The amount of attraction suggested by lattice results is outside this domain.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figure

Brane World Dynamics and Adiabatic Matter creation

We have treated the adiabatic matter creation process in various three-brane models by applying thermodynamics of open systems. The matter creation rate is found to affect the evolution of scale factor and energy density of the universe. We find modification at early stages of cosmic dynamics. In GB and RS brane worlds, by chosing appropriate parameters we obtain standard scenario, while the warped DGP model has different Friedmann equations. During later stages, since the matter creation is negligible the evolution reduces to FRW expansion, in RS and GB models.Comment: Replaced with TEX file,No figures, Corrected References and typos. Accepted in IJMP

Penentu Kesejahteraan Pengusaha "Pemindangan" di Kabupaten Tabanan

Ikan pindang merupakan salah satu hasil pengolahan dengan kombinasi perlakuan antara penggaraman dan perebusan. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara langsung menggunakan kuisioner kepada 99 responden. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini adalah analisis dekriptif dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kesejahteraan pelaku USAha pemindangan di Kabupaten Tabanan sebanyak 83 responden berada UMK Kabupaten Tabanan Tahun 2016. Hasil analisis statistik diperoleh bahwa variabel sosial demografi (X1) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel input produksi (X2) dan kesejahteraan (Y2) sedangkan output produksi (Y1) berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan. Variabel sosial demografi (X1) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap output produksi (Y1) melalui melalui input produksi (X2), atau dengan kata lain bahwa input produksi (X2) berperan sebagai mediasi sempurna hubungan antara variabel sosial demografi dengan output produksi