Inappropriate antimicrobial use in Turkish pediatric hospitals: A multicenter point prevalence survey

Objectives: Although well-defined principles of rational antimicrobial use are available, inappropriate prescribing patterns are reported worldwide. Accurate information on the usage of antimicrobials, including factors associated with and influencing their use, is valuable for improving the quality of prescription practices. Methods: In this cross-sectional point prevalence survey, data on patients hospitalized in 12 different children's hospitals were collected on a single day. Appropriateness of prescription was compared between the types of antimicrobials prescribed, indications, wards, and presence of/consultation with an infectious disease physician (IDP). Results: A total 711 of 1302 (54.6%) patients evaluated were receiving one or more antimicrobial drugs. The antimicrobial prescription rate was highest in pediatric intensive care (75.7%) and lowest in the surgery wards (37.0%). Of the 711 patients receiving antimicrobials, 332 patients (46.7%) were found to be receiving at least one inappropriately prescribed drug. Inappropriate use was most frequent in surgery wards (80.2%), while it was less common in oncology wards (31.8%; p < 0.001). Respiratory tract infection was the most common indication for antimicrobial use (29.4%). Inappropriate use was more common in deep-seated infections (54.7%) and respiratory infections (56.5%). Fluoroquinolones were used inappropriately more than any other drugs (81.8%, p = 0.021). Consultation with an IDP appears to increase appropriate antimicrobial use (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Inappropriate antimicrobial use remains a common problem in Turkish pediatric hospitals. Consultation with an IDP and prescribing antimicrobial drugs according to microbiological test results could decrease the inappropriate use of antimicrobials

Childhood Immune Thrombocytopenia: Long-term Follow-up Data Evaluated by the Criteria of the International Working Group on Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

OBJECTIVE: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common bleeding disorder in childhood, characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia. The International Working Group (IWG) on ITP recently published a consensus report about the standardization of terminology, definitions, and outcome criteria in ITP to overcome the difficulties in these areas. METHODS: The records of patients were retrospectively collected from January 2000 to December 2009 to evaluate the data of children with ITP by using the new definitions of the IWG. RESULTS: The data of 201 children were included in the study. The median follow-up period was 22 months (range: 12-131 months). The median age and platelet count at presentation were 69 months (range: 7-208 months) and 19x109/L (range: 1x109/L to 93x109/L), respectively. We found 2 risk factors for chronic course of ITP: female sex (OR=2.55, CI=1.31-4.95) and age being more than 10 years (OR=3.0, CI=1.5-5.98). Life-threatening bleeding occurred in 5% (n=9) of the patients. Splenectomy was required in 7 (3%) cases. When we excluded 2 splenectomized cases, complete remission at 1 year was achieved in 70% (n=139/199). The disease was resolved in 9 more children between 12 and 90 months. CONCLUSION: Female sex and age above 10 years old significantly influenced chronicity. Therefore, long-term follow-up is necessary in these children

Congenital malformation in children with acute leukemia: Single center report

Introduction:Leukemia is a multifactorial disease. Some genetic syndromes is well known related to leukemia. We evaluated non-syndromic malformation and leukemia relation.Materials and Methods: 288 patients diagnosed with acute leukemia are included the study. 201 patients with non-malign hematologic disease are accepted as a control. Syndromic children were excluded both group. All children were examined according to ICD-10th, Chapter XVII for congenital malformation. The type and number of malformations were compared both group.Results: There were no differences between leukemia and control group in terms of age at diagnosis, gender, consanguinity between parents, parents age at birth, family history of cancer and pregnancies of mother. Congenital malformations were more observed in leukemic population (p<0.001). The most common malformation in the control group was on the skin. Whereas the most common malformation in leukemic children was seen in the circulatory system, second region was skin. Having circulatory system malformation explained 12.53 high of the leukemia risk.Conclusions: Malformations were more common in leukemic children. We found that having a circulatory system malformation significantly increased the risk of leukemia. But the risk was very high previous study. This related to we evaluated echocardiography result which is common use for basal test