Tesadüfi saptanan Rinolith vakaları

Rinolitler; nazal kavitede yerleşimli, bir nidus etrafında biriken mineraller kaynaklı oluşan kalsifiye kitleler olup, çok nadir olarak görülmektedirler. Bu olgu serisinin amacı; rinolit tanısı konulan hastaların klinik özelliklerini ve radyolojik bulgularını sunmaktır. 18 ve 28 yaşlarında iki erkek hasta dental ağrı şikayeti nedeniyle Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi Bölümü'ne başvurmuştur. Panoramik radyografilerinde nazal kavite içerisinde kalsifiye kitle gözlenen hastalardan konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi alınmıştır. Rinolit ön tanısı ile hastalar kulak-burun-boğaz polikliniğine yönlendirilmiştir. Hastalardan birinin nazal kavitesi opere edilmiştir ve ön tanı biyopsi sonuçları ile uyumlu bulunmuştur. Bu sunumda rinolit tanısında diş hekiminin rolü vurgulanmaktadır

Three-Dimensional Volumetric/ Linear Analysis and Axial Classification of Root Resorptions Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the volumetric-linear analysis and to present a new axial classification of root resorptions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: A total of 43 teeth with root resorption (external cervical resorption (ECR) (n=27), external replacement resorption (ERR) (n=4) and internal root resorption (IRR) (n=12)) from 34 patients were included in this study. On CBCT images of teeth, the volume of total tooth and resorption for the volumetric analysis, the widest lengths of resorptions and the amount of thinnest dentin thickness around them for the linear analysis were measured, and volumetric/linear measurements were compared according to age and gender. In addition, the eight regional axial classification was performed, and these regions were compared. Data were evaluated using Shapiro-Wilk, Pearson’s r., Kruskal-Wallis and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner post-hoc tests. Significance was set at p=0.05 for statistical analysis. Results: No significant difference was found between the volumetric and linear measurements of ECRs, ERRs, and IRRs. No difference between genders in volumetric and linear measurements of ECRs and IRRs, except total tooth volume, was higher in males than in females in ECRs (

Retrospective radiological analysis of cemento-osseous dysplasia

Background. Osseous dysplasia (OD) is a form of fibro-osseous lesion located in the jaws that may interfere with the adjacent anatomical structures. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of radiographic imaging features, the morphological characteristics and the lesion volume of OD with the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods. The study included radiologically diagnosed lesions followed up for at least 1 year. The prevalence and distribution of the OD types were defined in terms of age, sex, lesion location, teeth, relationship with the anatomical structures, and lesion volume. Results. The mean age gradually increased from the periapical group to the florid group (p = 0.018). It was observed that the mandible was the most frequently affected bone (85.5%) (p < 0.05). The margins of the lesions were well defined, and had an irregular or circular shape. The buccal cortical bone was the most affected structure (84.5%), and the damage in the cortical bone increased with an increase in the lesion volume. With regard to teeth, the most frequent disorder was a discontinuous lamina dura (83.0%). Conclusions. Osseous dysplasia lesions affect a wide range of different anatomical areas, and show different volume and morphometric characteristics

Localization of mandibular canal in dentulous and edentulous regions

Objective: Retrospective determination of the changes in the mandibular canal (MC) course in male and female in the second premolar, first molar and second molar regions of the dentulous and edentulous mandible. Method: In CBCT images of 274 patients aged 18-88 years who were systemically healthy, the distances of the outer cortex of the MC to the mandible superior, lingual, inferior and buccal cortical bone border were measured in the right and left mandible 2nd premolar, 1st molar and 2nd molar regions. In these regions, the differences in MC course between left and right hemimandible, dentulous and edentulous, and males and females were examined by independent t-test and paired t-test (p<.05). Results: As a result of the statistical analysis, statistical significance was observed in the linear measurements of the MC to the superior cortical bone border in dentulous and edentulous patients in the relevant regions. In female and male patients, the distance of the MC to the inferior cortical edge of the mandible in the dentulous and edentulous dentition was statistically lower in females. The superior distance of the mandible was found to be lower in the edentulous regions than in the dentulous regions. Conclusion: The course of the MC in the posterior mandible is generally close to the inferior and lingual wall, but it changes direction towards the superior and buccal regions as it approaches the mental foramen. Furthermore, in women, the MC is located closer to the inferior border of the mandible compared to male

The effects of vitamin D deficiency on mandibular bone structure: a retrospective radiological study

Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the mandibular bone structure by fractal analysis and panoramic morphometric indices. Methods Ninety participants were divided into three groups as 30 individuals with severe vitamin D deficiency, 30 individuals with vitamin D deficiency, and 30 individuals with vitamin D sufficiency. Fractal dimension analysis (FD), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), and mandibular cortical thickness measurement (CTM) were evaluated on panoramic radiographs. Results FD values of the patients with vitamin D deficiency were found to be statistically lower than the patients with vitamin D sufficiency (p 0.05). PMI was significantly lower in patients with severe vitamin D deficiency (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in MCI values between the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency causes a decrease in bone mineral density in the mandible, and an increase in alveolar porosity. FD analysis and radiomorphometric indices in panoramic radiographs can be used to assess osteoporotic changes in patients with vitamin D deficiency

Evaluation of tooth development stages with deep learning-based artificial intelligence algorithm

Background: This study aims to evaluate the performance of a deep learning system for the evaluation of tooth development stages on images obtained from panoramic radiographs from child patients. Methods: The study collected a total of 1500 images obtained from panoramic radiographs from child patients between the ages of 5 and 14 years. YOLOv5, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based object detection model, was used to automatically detect the calcification states of teeth. Images obtained from panoramic radiographs from child patients were trained and tested in the YOLOv5 algorithm. True-positive (TP), false-positive (FP), and false-negative (FN) ratios were calculated. A confusion matrix was used to evaluate the performance of the model. Results: Among the 146 test group images with 1022 labels, there were 828 TPs, 308 FPs, and 1 FN. The sensitivity, precision, and F1-score values of the detection model of the tooth stage development model were 0.99, 0.72, and 0.84, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, utilizing a deep learning-based approach for the detection of dental development on pediatric panoramic radiographs may facilitate a precise evaluation of the chronological correlation between tooth development stages and age. This can help clinicians make treatment decisions and aid dentists in finding more accurate treatment options

Occipital spurs on lateral cephalometric radiographs: morphologic and morphometric features

Objective To evaluate the presence of occipital spurs, morphologic/morphometric features, and the presence of ossification of ligamentum nuchae (ONL) on lateral cephalometric radiographs of individuals aged under and over 18 years. Methods Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 1430 individuals aged between 14-50 years were scanned. The presence of ONL and occipital spurs was evaluated in 1312 patients who met the inclusion criteria, and existing occipital spurs were measured and their types (flat/crest/spine) were recorded. Results Occipital spurs were detected in 63 patients aged over 18 years (63/120; 52.5%) and 57 patients aged under 18 years (57/120; 47.5%). When the spur length by age category and sex was evaluated, no statistically significant difference was observed. The spur types seen were flat (40.8%; 49/120), crest (30%; 36/120) and spine (29.2%; 35/120), respectively. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the spur types seen in terms of age, a significant difference was observed between the sexes in the total group (p < 0.001). Spine-type spurs (66.7%; 18/27) were the most common in females, and flat-type spurs (45.2%; 42/39) were the most common in males. ONL was detected in only three individuals. Conclusion No relationship was found between the presence of occipital spurs and ONL. Although spur length was not affected by age and sex, spur types were found to vary according to sex. Occipital spurs are mostly asymptomatic and detected incidentally on lateral cephalometric radiographs. They are one of the important anatomic formations that should be diagnosed by physicians

Three- dimensional verification of the radiographic visibility of the root pulp used for forensic age estimation in mandibular third molars

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of panoramic radiography (OPG) using age estimation method using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) verification in the evaluation of radiographic visibility of root pulp (RPV) of mandibular third molars for age estimation. Methods CBCT and OPG images of 429 mandibular third molars from 290 patients were evaluated. RPV of fully mineralized mandibular third molars was evaluated as stages 0, 1, 2, and 3 for both imaging methods. Descriptive statistics were performed separately for stages by age for both genders. The consistency of these scores with chronological age was evaluated for both imaging methods. The reliability of OPG evaluation was also analyzed with CBCT scores. Results Spearman's rho correlation demonstrated a positive correlation between RPV and chronological age for both genders and for OPG and CBCT evaluation. Considering the minimum ages of both imaging methods, all stages were above the age of 18 except for the female group of Stage 2 and all Stage 0. For the comparison of OPG and CBCT RPV Staging scores, the Kappa score was found to be 0.312 (p < 0.001), indicating a fair agreement. Conclusion In conclusion, the absence of Stage 3 at age of 18 and under might have a forensic value for RPV age estimation method. Considering the fair agreement in the verification of OPG scores, it is not possible to determine the exact age with the RPV detected in OPG images, the use of CBCT for the RPV evaluation is recommended to available cases

Three-dimensional volumetric/linear analysis and axial classification of root resorptions using cone beam computed tomography: A retrospective study

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the volumetric-linear analysis and to present a new axial classification of root resorptions using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: A total of 43 teeth with root resorption (external cervical resorption (ECR) (n=27), external replacement resorption (ERR) (n=4) and internal root resorption (IRR) (n=12)) from 34 patients were included in this study. On CBCT images of teeth, the volume of total tooth and resorption for the volumetric analysis, the widest lengths of resorptions and the amount of thinnest dentin thickness around them for the linear analysis were measured, and volumetric/linear measurements were compared according to age and gender. In addition, the eight regional axial classification was performed, and these regions were compared. Data were evaluated using Shapiro-Wilk, Pearson’s r., Kruskal-Wallis and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner post-hoc tests. Significance was set at p=0.05 for statistical analysis. Results: No significant difference was found between the volumetric and linear measurements of ECRs, ERRs, and IRRs. No difference between genders in volumetric and linear measurements of ECRs and IRRs, except total tooth volume, was higher in males than in females in ECRs (p<0.05). With increasing age in ECRs, the buccal dentin thickness increased, and bucco-lingual length and total tooth volume decreased (p<0.05). In axial classification, ECRs were mostly found in lingual, while IRRs and ERRs did not show regional differences. Conclusions: Although root resorptions had different localizations and classifications, they did not differ in terms of volumetric and linear measurements due to having similar nature. Using CBCT imaging, the volumetric/linear analysis and axial classification of resorptions, and demographic differences according to these parameters can help clinicians in understanding the nature of resorption and in determining appropriate management

Three-Dimensional Volumetric/ Linear Analysis and Axial Classification of Root Resorptions Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the volumetric-linear analysis and to present a new axial classification of root resorptions using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: A total of 43 teeth with root resorption (external cervical resorption (ECR) (n=27), external replacement resorption (ERR) (n=4) and internal root resorption (IRR) (n=12)) from 34 patients were included in this study. On CBCT images of teeth, the volume of total tooth and resorption for the volumetric analysis, the widest lengths of resorptions and the amount of thinnest dentin thickness around them for the linear analysis were measured, and volumetric/linear measurements were compared according to age and gender. In addition, the eight regional axial classification was performed, and these regions were compared. Data were evaluated using Shapiro-Wilk, Pearson’s r., Kruskal-Wallis and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner post-hoc tests. Significance was set at p=0.05 for statistical analysis. Results: No significant difference was found between the volumetric and linear measurements of ECRs, ERRs, and IRRs. No difference between genders in volumetric and linear measurements of ECRs and IRRs, except total tooth volume, was higher in males than in females in ECRs (p<0.05). With increasing age in ECRs, the buccal dentin thickness increased, and bucco-lingual length and total tooth volume decreased (p<0.05). In axial classification, ECRs were mostly found in lingual, while IRRs and ERRs did not show regional differences. Conclusions: Although root resorptions had different localizations and classifications, they did not differ in terms of volumetric and linear measurements due to having similar nature. Using CBCT imaging, the volumetric/linear analysis and axial classification of resorptions, and demographic differences according to these parameters can help clinicians in understanding the nature of resorption and in determining appropriate management