The engineering performance of eco-friendly concretes containing diatomite fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag

Approximately 10 % of CO2 is emitted from an ordinary Portland cement production. In cement and concrete production, CO2 emissions can be greatly reduced by using Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs). In addition, the microstructure and durability properties of concrete are greatly improved when silica-rich SCMs are used. In this study, Eco-Friendly concrete design was carried out using three different SCMs. Diatomite, ground granulated blast furnace (GGBFS) and fly ash (FA) were used as the SCM in the concrete mixtures. SCMs were used instead of cement at ratios of 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %. When diatomite was used at the rate of 20 %, the standard consistency water increased 1.7 times as compared to the reference mixture. With the increase in the replacement ratio, the final setting times of the pastes increased. The high active SiO2 content of diatomite shortened the initial setting time and increased the compressive strength. The use of 5 % diatomite reduced the slump value by 57 % as compared to the reference mixture. The slump and Ve-Be tests of GGBFS and FA mixtures showed similar properties to the reference mixture. The 28-day compressive strength of concrete varied between 29.2–34.6 MPa. With the increase in the curing time of the concrete mixtures, up to 50 % improvements were observed in the compressive strength. Especially on the 180th day, a compressive strength of 44.1 MPa was obtained in concrete mixtures with a 10 % replacement ratio. While using the FA in the mixtures improved the abrasion properties, the opposite result was observed in the case of the GGBFS. It was observed that the mixtures with 5 % FA showed the closest properties to the reference mixture. As a result, it was determined that SCMs with different properties could be used in environmentally friendly concrete mixtures by up to a 20 % replacement ratio

Ground penetrating Radar Clutter Removal via 1D Fast Sub band Decomposition

Target detection performance in ground-penetrating radar (GPR) deteriorates highly in the presence of clutter. Multi-scale (wavelet transform) or the recently proposed multi-scale and multi-directional decomposition based methods can efficiently remove the clutter, however they have high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a new multi-scale method which requires only 1D fast subband decomposition of the rows of the GPR image. The resulting detail layers directly provide the clutter-free target component of the GPR image. The proposed method is compared to the state-of-art clutter removal methods both visually and quantitatively using a realistic simulated dataset which is constructed by the gprMax simulation software. The results show that the proposed 1D subband decomposition scheme approximates the classical 2D wavelet decomposition successfully and even presents a performance increase as well as a complexity decrease for fast decomposition methods based on lifting wavelet transform and a trous wavelet transform

Brexit Sonrası Alternatif Ticaret Senaryoları ve Olası İktisadi Etkileri

2016 yılında BK’nın AB’den ayrılmasına yönelik gerçekleştirilen referandum sonucu, hem AB hem de BK tarihinde önemli bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. BK, Brexit olarak adlandırılan süreç sonucunda AB’den ayrılmaya karar veren ilk ülke olma konumundadır. Brexit süreci, AB'nin tarihinde bugüne kadar karşı karşıya kaldığı en sorunlu ve karmaşık süreçlerden biri olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, Brexit, BK-AB ticari ilişkileri ile ilgili belirsizlikleri de beraberinde getirmiştir. Çalışmada, Brexit sonrasında taraflar arasında uygulanması tartışılan alternatif dış ticaret modelleri, güçlü ve zayıf yönleri dikkate alınarak incelenmiş ve söz konusu ticaret modellerinin BK ekonomisi üzerindeki olası ekonomik etkileri tartışılmıştır. Genel olarak, Brexit’in BK ekonomisi ve dış ticareti üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olacağı ifade edilmektedir. Bu çerçevede, Brexit’in iktisadi etkileri, BK’nın AB’den ayrılması sonrasında hangi alternatif ticaret modelini benimseyeceğine bağlı olacaktır

A rare entity bilateral first rib fractures accompanying bilateral scapular fractures

First rib fractures are scarce due to their well-protected anatomic locations. Bilateral first rib fractures accompanying bilateral scapular fractures are very rare, although they may be together with scapular and clavicular fractures. According to our knowledge, no case of bilateral first rib fractures accompanying bilateral scapular fractures has been reported, so we herein discussed the diagnosis, treatment, and complications of bone fractures due to thoracic trauma in bias of this rare entity

Cost Optimization of Mortars Containing Different Pigments and Their Freeze-Thaw Resistance Properties

Nowadays, it is common to use colored concrete or mortar in prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete construction elements. Within the scope of this study, colored mortars were obtained with the addition of brown, yellow, black, and red pigments into the white cement. Those mixtures are examined for their compressive strength, unit weight, water absorption, and freeze-thaw resistance. Subsequent to comparison of these properties, a cost optimization has been conducted in order to compare pigment costs. The outcomes showed that the pore structure in architectural mortar applications plays an important role in terms of durability. And cost optimization results show that light colored minerals can be used instead of white cements

A rare and serious syndrome that requires attention in emergency service: traumatic asphyxia

Traumatic asphyxia is a rare syndrome caused by blunt thoracoabdominal trauma and characterized by cyanosis, edema, and subconjunctival and petechial hemorrhage on the face, neck, upper extremities, and the upper parts of the thorax. Traumatic asphyxia is usually diagnosed by history and inspection; however, the patient should be monitored more closely due to probable complications of thoracoabdominal injuries. Treatment is conservative, but the prognosis depends on the severity of the associated injuries. Herein we present a traumatic asphyxia due to an elevator accident in a 32-year-old male patient and discuss the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis by reviewing the relevant literature

Sastav masnih kiselina i slobodnih aminokiselina sinbiotičkog kozjeg sira sa slobodnim i inkapsuliranim probioticima

The aim of this study was to determine the changes in free fatty acids and amino acids during storage of synbiotic microcapsule-added goat cheeses and determine the effect of microencapsulation on these changes during storage. Another objective was also to determine the effects of probiotics and synbiotics (probiotic + prebiotics) added in free form during the production of white goat cheese on amino acid and fatty acid values. In the study, three types of microcapsules including probiotic bacteria (Lacticaseibacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum), probiotic + fructooligosaccharide (FOS), and probiotic + inulin containing microcapsules were prepared and cheeses were produced using these microcapsules. Cheese samples were stored at +4 °C for 180 days and the amino acids and free fatty acid content of the cheeses were determined during the storage period. The saturated fatty acid with the highest ratio in goat cheeses was palmitic acid (C16) whereas the unsaturated fatty acid with the highest ratio was determined as oleic acid (C18:1). At the end of ripening, the amino acid with the highest amount was glutamic acid in cheese samples, followed by leucine, proline, aspartic acid, and lysine, respectively. It has been determined that inoculation of probiotic cultures, either in free or microencapsulated form, into cheese milk positively influences the total amino acid and fatty acid levels. The addition of inulin along with probiotics on the 180th day of storage was effective in amino acid formation compared to cheeses with free FOS added. It could also be concluded that the addition of free or microencapsulated FOS was effective in the formation of free fatty acids. In addition, regardless of the used form (free or microcapsules), inulin was more effective in amino acid formation.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi promjene u slobodnim masnim kiselinama i aminokiselinama tijekom skladištenja kozjih sireva s dodatkom mikroinkapsuliranih sinbiotika te utvrditi učinak mikroinkapsulacije na te promjene tijekom skladištenja. Također, cilj je bio utvrditi utjecaj probiotika i sinbiotika (probiotika + prebiotika) dodanih u slobodnom obliku tijekom proizvodnje kozjeg sira tipa feta na sastav aminokiselina i masnih kiselina. U istraživanju su pripremljene tri vrste mikrokapsula uključujući probiotičke bakterije (Lacticaseibacillus casei i Bifidobacterium longum), probiotik + fruktooligosaharid (FOS) i mikrokapsule koje sadrže probiotik + inulin, a koje su dodane tijekom proizvodnje sireva. Uzorci sireva čuvani su na +4 °C tijekom 180 dana tijekom kojih je određivan udjel aminokiselina i slobodnih masnih kiselina u sirevima. Od zasićenih masnih kiselina bila je najzastupljenija palmitinska kiselina (C16), dok je od nezasićenih masnih kiselina najzastupljenija bila oleinska kiselina (C18:1). Na kraju zrenja utvrđeno je da su svi uzorci sadržavali najviše glutaminske kiseline, a zatim su po udjelima slijedili leucin, prolin, asparaginska kiselina i lizin. Dodatak inulina zajedno s probioticima 180. dana čuvanja pozitivno je djelovao u formiranju aminokiselina u usporedni sa sirevima u kojima FOS nisu dodani. Osim toga, dodatak slobodnog ili mikrokapsuliranog FOS pozitivno je utjecao na povećanje udjela slobodnih masnih kiselina. Zaključno, dodatak inulina u slobodnom ili u obliku mikrokapsula, bio je učinkovitiji u povećanju udjela aminokiselina

A new perspective on the future of Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology: Young Radiation Oncologists Group (TROD/GROG 001)

Radiation oncology is a field of medicine that has been rapidly growing with advances in technology, radiobiology, treatment algorithms and quality of life of modern radiotherapy over the last century. In the context of these advances, it is critical to be aware of the role of the young radiation oncologists and enable them to discover new perspectives. For this purpose, “The Young Radiation Oncologists Group” (GROG) has been established by the Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology (TROD), a subgroup which has focused on the professional developments, early career and integrating into the TROD family while supporting education and innovative research of young radiation oncologists. The purpose of this paper was to outline the structure and responsibilities of GROG and its scientific and social activities within TROD and in its own right.

Experimental investigation of thermal performance characteristics of external wall

Dünya genelinde enerji tüketimi son 25 yılda kişi başına sadece yüzde 5 kadar artmış olmakla beraber, gelişmekte olan Türkiye'de son 25 yıldaki artış oranı yüzde 100 rakamının üzerindedir. Enerji tüketiminin artması ülke ekonomisine yük getirmesinin yanı sıra çevre kirliliğine de yol açmaktadır. Sınırlı fosil yakıt kaynakları, enerjinin verimli şekilde kullanılmasını gerektirmektedir. Dış duvarların iç mekân koşullarının belirlenmesine etkisi, dış duvarın yapısı ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada, dış duvar özelliklerinin ısıl performansı deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla dış duvar numunelerinde XPS ve EPS ısı yalıtımı malzemesi ve üç farklı ısı yalıtım kalınlığı kullanılmıştır. Isıl performans deneyi, TS EN ISO 8990 standardına göre sıcak kutu deney cihazı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Üretilen duvar numunelerine ait U değerleri ısıl performans deneyi sonucunda elde edilmiştir. Yalıtımlı dış duvar deney sonuçları, hem birbirleri ile hem de yalıtımsız kontrol duvarları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Nümerik analiz ve deney sonuçlarına göre, Ankara ili için dış duvarlarda kullanılacak en uygun ısı yalıtım malzemesi 5 cm kalınlığında XPS olarak belirlenmiştir.The last 25 years throughout the world per capita energy consumption increased only by 5 percent, although emerging in Turkey is over 100 per cent increase in the last 25 years. Load performance by increasing energy consumption as well as the country's economy leads to environmental pollution. Limited fossil fuel resources required efficient use of the energy. The effect on determining the interior conditions of exterior walls is directly related to the structure of exterior walls. In this study, thermal performance of properties of exterior wall was investigated as experimental. For this purpose, XPS and EPS heat insulation materials and three different thicknesses of heat insulation were used on the exterior wall samples. The test of thermal performance was carried out according to TS EN ISO 8990 standard by hot-box test instrument. U values of produced exterior wall samples were obtained by thermal performance test. The test results of insulated exterior wall were compared both each other and with uninsulated control exterior wall. According to the test results and numerical analysis, the most suitable insulation material using on exterior walls for the province of Ankara was determined as XPS of 5 cm thickness