THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEALTHY LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS AND QUALITY OF LIFE: AN ANALYSIS ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WHO ARE ENGAGED IN SPORTS AND WHO ARE NOT

Introduction and Purpose: Developing healthy lifestyle behaviors during university years is important in terms of supporting students’ health and well-being. Assessing the students’ quality of life levels in this period may provide a source of reference for their subsequent years. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between healthy lifestyle behaviors and quality of life of students studying at the university and to determine the effect of a number of variables, including but not limited to engaging in sports, on healthy lifestyle behaviors and quality of life. Method: The data analyzed in the study were collected through the “Personal Information Form”, “Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II and “Whoqol-Bref (TR) Quality of Life Scale”. The data pertaining to 851 students who filled the scale questionnaires completely were evaluated. The Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale, developed by Walker et al. (1987), and revised in 1996 was adapted to Turkish language in 2008, by Bahar et al., who also carried out the validity and reliability analysis of the scale. The scale consists of 52 items and 6 sub-factors. The rating of the scale is of 4-point likert type. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF-TR) is a form developed by the World Health Organization. Validity and reliability tests of the scale were performed in 1999 by Eser et al. The scale allows analyzing the quality of life with reference to 4 distinct domains. The scores for individual domains can be in the 4-20 range. Firstly, the normality test was applied, and descriptive statistics were assessed for the data obtained from the scale. The data was found to exhibit normal distribution. In addition, according to the results of the Levene test, the variances were found to be homogeneous. Independent sample T-test, One Way Variance Analysis (Anova), Manova analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used for the analysis of the data. Scheffe test, which is the 2nd Level Post Hoc Test, was employed to determine the groups among which significant variation occurred. Data were tested at α = 0.05 significance level. Findings and Conclusion: The study's findings showed that the students’ healthy lifestyles and quality of life levels were moderately correlated. Healthy lifestyle behaviors and quality-of-life levels of licensed sports students were significantly more emphasized than those of the students who did not engage in sports. The mean scores the students studying in Physical Education and Sports High School had for the physical activity and diet sub-factors were found to be significantly higher compared to those studying in other departments. Moreover, it was seen that having breakfast regularly affects the students’ quality of life. As a conclusion, it can be said that the healthy lifestyle behaviors of university students are moderately correlated to their quality of life and regular sports have an impact on the variables analyzed in the present study.  Article visualizations

17 Ağustos 1999 İzmit depremi sonrası Marmara Bölgesindeki gravite alanın zaman içindeki değişiminin belirlenmesi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu çalışmanın amacı; Marmara Bölgesi'nde 17 Ağustos 1999 İzmit Depremi sonucunda oluşan zaman bağımlı gravite alan değişimlerinin ölçülmesi ve analiz edilmesidir.Amaç doğrultusunda kullanılan gravite alan verileri, ?Türkiye'nin Deprem Riski Yüksek Jeo-Stratejik ? ancak tektonik rejimleri farklı ? Bölgelerinde Deprem Davranışının Çok Disiplinli Yaklaşımlarla Araştırılması - TÜRDEP? ve ?Marmara Bölgesi'ndeki Düşey Yerkabuğu Hareketlerinin Mutlak Gravite ve GPS ile Araştırılması? projeleri kapsamında 2006-2011 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen zamansal bağıl gravite kampanya ölçümleri sonucu elde edilmiştir.Ölçümler, drift hatalarının kontrolü için gidiş-dönüş ölçüm tekniği temel alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçümler de gravite alan değerlerine katılan aletsel ve çevresel etkiler, gravite yöntemi kuramında yer alan ve çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak seçilen düzeltmeler ve indirgemeler ile ölçüm değerlerinden çıkarılmıştır. Düzeltme ve indirgeme işlemleri sonrasında farklı günlerde ölçülen geçkilerin, birbirleriyle birlikteliklerinin sağlanması ve belli bir düzeye indirgenmeleri için dengelenmiştir. Düzeltme, indirgeme ve dengeleme işlemleri; GRAVAP yazılımı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kampanyalar kapsamında belirlenen gravite alan değerlerinden, her bir ölçüm noktası için gravite zaman serileri oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen zaman serilerine Ağırlıklı En Küçük Kareler Yöntemi uygulanmış ve yıllık gravite hız değerleri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen gravite verilerinin, viskoelastik modelleme ile analiz edilmesine karar verilmiştir. Bu amaçla, yeryüzünde oluşan zaman bağımlı deformasyonların kaynağını oluşturan jeoid ve gravite alan değişimlerini hesaplayan bir sayısal model oluşturulmuştur.. Sayısal modelleme yaklaşımı ile istenilen duyarlılıkta ve optimum zamanda gerçekleştirilecek modelleme işlemi için uygun değişkenlerin belirlenmesi ve gerçekleştirilecek modelleme çalışmasının doğruluğu ve güvenilirliğinin tespit edilmesi önemlidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; referans analitik çözümler ve sayısal çözüm sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda, sayısal modelin doğruluğu ve güvenilirliği için gerekli çalışma değerleri tespit edilmiştir.Modelleme işleminde öncelikle; Marmara Bölgesi'nin gravite alan değişimleri temel alınarak, sünek yapıya sahip alt kabuk ve üst mantonun viskozite değerinin belirlenmesine yönelik testler yapılmıştır. Testler sonucunda yarısonsuz viskoelastik ortam için viskozite değeri 5x1018 Pa.s civarı olarak belirlenmiştir. Modelleme işlemi sonrasında; Marmara-doğu ve Marmara-batı bölgelerinde model ve ölçülen gravite alan değişimleri arasındaki uyum incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonrasında Marmara-doğu bölgesinde, gravite değişimleri yüksek uyumla modellenebilmiş ve gravite değişime neden olan olaylar tanımlanabilmiştir.. Marmara-batı bölgesinde ise uzun dönem değişimler modellenebilmiş ama modelden elde edilen genlik değerleri ölçülen veriye göre düşük kalmıştır. Marmara-batı bölgesindeki model ve ölçülen veri arasındaki genlik farkının; salt 1999 depremleri sonucu oluşan deformasyonlar ile modellenmesinin yetersiz olmasından, bu bölgedeki kabuk yapısındaki yanal değişimlerden kaynaklandığı öngörülmüştür.The objective of this study is the measurement and analysis of the time dependent microgravity area changes occurring as a result of the August 17, 1999 İzmit Earthquake in the Marmara Region.The microgravity data for this purpose were obtained by time dependent campaign measurements accomplished between the years 2006-2011 within the scope of the TUBITAK, MRC, Earth and Marine Sciences projects ?TÜRDEP - multi-disciplinary earthquake research in high risk geostrategic regions of Turkey with different tectonic regimes and investigation of vertical displacements of the earth?s crust in the Marmara Region by absolute gravity and GPS?.Round trip measurement technique was employed in order to control the drift errors. Instrumental and environmental effects that may be included in the measurement values are corrected and reduced according to the microgravity area theory and the scope of this study. After the correction and reduction operations, scaling is also performed in order to associate measurements performed at different days. Correction, reduction and scaling operations are accomplished using the GRAVAP software. Microgravity time series were created for each measurement location from the microgravity area values determined during the campaign.Weighted least squares regression was applied to the time series data obtained and annual micro gravity velocity values were obtained. It was decided to analyze the obtained microgravity data by viscoelastic modeling. For this purpose, a numerical model was created to compute the changes in the microgravity area and the geoid, constituting the source of time dependent deformations occurring on the earth. By the numerical modeling approach, it is significant to determine the suitable modeling parameters at the optimum time with the required accuracy. For this purpose, reference analytic solutions were compared against the numerical modeling solutions. The results showed that the numerical model is accurate and reliable.Modeling operation was primarily done in the Marmara Region based on microgravity area changes and tests were performed in order to determine the viscosity values of the low crust of ductile structure and the upper mantle. After the tests, the viscosity value was determined as approximately 5x1018 Pa.s for semi-infinite viscoelastic medium. After the modeling operation, the harmony was investigated between the model and the measured microgravity area changes in the Eastern Marmara and the Western Marmara regions. After this investigation, microgravity changes could be modeled in high harmony in the Eastern Marmara region and the events could be identified inducing the microgravity changes. Long term changes could be modeled in the western Marmara region but the amplitude values obtained from the model were lower than the measured data. It is expected that the amplitude difference between the model and the measured data in the Western Marmara region is either a result of insufficient modeling using only the deformations occurring after the 1999 earthquake or the lateral changes in the crustal structure of this region

Energy and spectral-efficient lens antenna subarray design in MmWave MIMO Systems

Lens antenna subarray (LAS) is one of the recently introduced technologies for future wireless networks that significantly improves the energy efficiency of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems while achieving higher spectral efficiency compared to single-lens MIMO systems. However, a control mechanism for the LAS-MIMO design is considered a challenging task to efficiently manage the network resources and serve multiple users in the system. Therefore, in this paper, a sub-grouped LAS-MIMO architecture along with a hybrid precoding algorithm are proposed to reduce the cost and hardware overhead of traditional hybrid MIMO systems. Specifically, the LAS structure is divided into sub-groups to serve multiple users with different requirements, and an optimization problem based on the achievable sum-rate is formulated to maximize the spectral efficiency of the system. By splitting the sum-rate problem into sub-rate optimization problems, we develop a low-complexity hybrid precoding algorithm to effectively control the proposed architecture and maximize the achievable sum-rate of each subgroup. The proposed precoding algorithm selects the beam of each lens from a predefined set within a subgroup that maximizes the subgroup sum-rate, while the phase shifters and digital precoders in each subgroup are computed independently. The link between subgroups is updated based on successive interference cancelation to minimize interference between users of different subgroups. Our analysis and simulation results show that the proposed precoding algorithm of the sub-grouped LAS-MIMO architecture performs almost as well as traditional fully-connected hybrid MIMO systems in terms of spectral efficiency at low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). It also outperforms traditional fully-connected and sub-connected hybrid MIMO systems in terms of energy efficiency, even when a large number of lenses are employed.National Science Foundation (NSF

CUMHURİYETİN 100. YILINDA TÜRKİYE’DE ÇALIŞMA STANDARTLARI

ÖZ: Bu çalışmanın amacı; çalışma standartlarının Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ndeki 100 yıllık dönüşümünün dönemsel olarak incelenmesi ve çalışma standartlarının uygulamadaki sorunlarının belirgin hale getirilmesidir. İmparatorluktan Cumhuriyete geçişle oluşan endüstri ilişkileri sisteminin dönüşümünün gözlemlenebilmesi için hatta imparatorluk dönemi, Cumhuriyetin ilk yılları ve küreselleşeme sürecine geçiş ve sonrası dönemlerinde çalışma standartlarındaki dönüşümün incelenmesi çalışma standartlarının sosyo-kültürel etkilerini de görmek açısından oldukça önemlidir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu döneminden itibaren tarihsel süreç içerisinde zamanla olumlu gelişme gösteren çalışma standartları, 1980’li yıllar itibariyle küreselleşme olgusunun da etkisiyle birlikte olumsuz yönde gelişmeler yaşamaktadır. Bu durum dünyada endüstri ilişkilerinin değişmesine neden olduğu gibi gelişmekte olan ülkeleri de çalışma standartları konusunda dibe doğru bir yarışın içerisine çekmektedir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti de 1990’lı yılların sonrasında bu dibe doğru yarışın aktörlerinden birisi haline gelmiş ve ucuz emeği doğrudan yabancı yatırımları çekebilmek adına bir avantaj olarak kullanmaya başlamıştır. 2000’li yıllardan itibaren Türkiye hızlı bir ekonomik büyüme sürecine girmiş olduğu görünse de elde edilen refahın çalışma standartlarının arttırılması konusunda etkili olmadığı hatta yapılan sektör (İnşaat gibi) tercihleri ile birlikte çalışma standartların düştüğü görülmektedir. Bu süreçte sadece sektör tercihlerinin değiş düzensiz göç gibi dışsal faktörlerin de etkisi oldukça fazladır. Bu çalışma sonucunda; 100 yaşında olan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin endüstri ilişkileri ile ilgili politikalarını ILO sözleşmeleriyle uyumlu hale gelecek şekilde dönüştürmesi sonucunda çalışma standartlarındaki muhtemel gelişmeler tartışılmış ve sonraki politika tartışmaları için alan açılmıştır. ABSTRACT: This study aims to periodically examine the 100-year transformation of labor standards in the Republic of Turkey and to clarify the problems in the practice of labor standards. To observe the transformation of the industrial relations system formed by the transition from the Empire to the Republic, it is very important to examine the transformation in the working standards in the imperial period, the first years of the Republic, the transition to the globalization process and the following periods, to see the socio-cultural effects of the working standards. Working standards, which have shown positive development over time in the historical process since the Ottoman Empire period, have been experiencing negative developments with the effect of globalization as of the 1980s. This situation not only causes changes in industrial relations in the world but also draws developing countries into a race to the bottom in terms of labor standards. The Republic of Turkey has also become one of the actors in this race to the bottom after the 1990s and has started to use cheap labor as an advantage to attract foreign direct investments. Although it seems that Turkey has entered a rapid economic growth process since the 2000s, it is seen that the welfare achieved is not effective in increasing the working standards, and even the working standards have decreased with the sector (such as Construction) preferences. In this process, not only sector preferences but also external factors such as irregular migration have a significant impact. As a result of this study; As a result of the 100-year-old Republic of Turkey's transformation of its industrial relations policies in line with ILO conventions, possible developments in labor standards were discussed and space was opened for further policy discussions

Supply Responses of Agricultural Crops Cultivated in Yeşilirmak Agricultural Basin within Turkey Agricultural Basins Production and Support Model

Bu araştırmada destekleme politikası araçlarından biri olan Türkiye Tarım Havzaları Üretim ve Destekleme Modeli kapsamındaki Yeşilırmak Tarım Havzası'nda yetiştirilen bazı tarım ürünlerinin arz duyarlılıkları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma dönemi 1995-2012 yıllarını kapsamaktadır. Havza bazında seçilen ürünlerin reel ve cari fiyatları, ekiliş alanı, üretim miktarı ve verimlerinin genel eğilimleri trend denklemleri ile belirlenmiştir. Ürünlere ait arz duyarlılıkları ise panel regresyon yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Bağımlı değişken olarak üretim miktarı ele alınmıştır. Modele dahil edilen bağımsız değişkenler; ilgili ürünün reel fiyatının bir gecikmeli değeri, rakip ürünün reel fiyatının bir gecikmeli değeri, destekleme politikası değişkeni, motorin fiyatları, yıllık sıcaklık ortalaması, yıllık ortalama yağış miktarı ve traktör sayısıdır. Panel regresyon sonuçlarına göre, ilgili ürünlerin reel fiyatların bir gecikmeli değeri, yıllık yağış ortalaması, yıllık sıcaklık ortalaması ve havzadaki traktör sayısı tüm ürünler için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Rakip ürünün etkisi, sadece ayçiçeğinde anlamlı bulunmuştur. Destekleme politikası, arpa, ayçiçeği ve nohut üretiminde anlamlı bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, fiyat faktörünün tarımsal üretimin planlanmasında dikkate alınması, teknolojik gelişmelerin tarımsal üretim boyutunda üretici ile buluşturulması, destekleme politikasının gerek uygulama açısından gerekse destekleme miktarı bakımından ulusal ve uluslararası dinamikler göz önünde bulundurarak reel anlamda üretime yansımasının sağlanması, üreticilerin geleneksel tutumlarının üretim deseni üzerindeki etkilerinin dikkate alınması öneriler olarak değerlendirilebilir.In this research, supply response of some agricultural crops cultivated in Yeşilırmak Agricultural Basin of Turkey Agricultural Basins Product and Support Model which is one of the support policy instruments was determined. The research period included 1995-2012 years. The general trends of real price and current price, planting area, production quantity and yield of selected crops within the basin were determined by using trend equations. Supply response of crops was determined by the Panel Regression Method. Amount of production was dependent variable. The independent variables included in the model are one year lagged real price for relevant crop, one year lagged real price for competitive crop, support policy variable, diesel price, the average annual temperature, the average annual rainfall and number of tractors. According to Panel Regression results, one year lagged real prices for relevant crops, the average annual rainfall, the average annual temperature and number of tractors in basin were statistically significant for all crops. Impact of competitive crop was statistically significant only for sunflower. Support policy was statistically significant for barley, sunflower and pea. According to results of the research, it is suggested that price factor is considered in production planning, technological developments is brought together with producer in agricultural production size, support policies is revised again both in term of application and support quantity considering national and international dynamics and provided reflecting to product in real terms and impact on production patterns of traditional attitudes of producers is considered

Quasisynchronous LoRa for LEO nanosatellite communications

Perfect synchronization in LoRa communications between Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and ground base stations is still challenging, despite the potential use of atomic clocks in LEO satellites, which offer high precision. Even by incorporating atomic clocks in LEO satellites, their inherent precision can be leveraged to enhance the overall synchronization process, perfect synchronization is infeasible due to a combination of factors such as signal propagation delay, Doppler effects, clock drift and atmospheric effects. These challenges require the development of advanced synchronization techniques and algorithms to mitigate their effects and ensure reliable communication from / to LEO satellites. However, maintaining acceptable levels of synchronization rather than striving for perfection, quasisynchronous (QS) communication can be adopted which maintains communication reliability, improves resource utilization, reduces power consumption, and ensures scalability as more devices join the communication. Overall, QS communication offers a practical, adaptive, and robust solution that enables LEO satellite communications to support the growing demands of IoT applications and global connectivity. In our investigation, we explore different chip waveforms such as rectangular and raised cosine. Furthermore, for the first time, we study the Symbol Error Rate (SER) performance of QS LoRa communication, for different spreading factors (SF), over Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channels.IEEE Communications Societ

Fatal child abuse-maltreatment syndrome; a case report

Abstract: Child abuse-maltreatment syndrome can be described as child death due to repeated episodes of physical abuse and neglect. Here we present a case of child physical abuse and neglect causing death due to duodenal perforation. A five year old boy was reported to have stomachache occurring one day before death. He was admitted to a private health clinic where he was discharged after an analgesic injection. Because of increasing complaints he was applied to the same clinic, afterwards sent to an Emergency Department where he died during resuscitation. At autopsy, external examination revealed several traumatic injuries and two bite marks of different age, while internal examination revealed 500 ml of dirty yellowishgreenish free liquid in abdominal cavity and a perforation 0.5 cm in diameter of the duodenum wall. Insufficient parental supervision in spite of continuous traumas strongly indicates negligence or intentional abuse by parents. Additionally, insufficient medical follow up, besides; not disclosing the injuries on child's body adds medical malpractice aspect to this case. Key Words: child abuse-maltreatment syndrome, physical abuse of child, child neglect, domestic violence, death A s a recently recognized entity, Child abuse-maltreatment syndrome involves repeated episodes of intentional trauma and negligence of a child, which can result in chronic consequences or death. This syndrome includes a combination of maltreatment types. Examinations of such cases reveal various types of injuries of different age. In most cases, healed older injuries and findings of negligence are accompanied by a recent fatal injury that is the immediate cause of death Inflicted traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of death due to child abuse, while blunt abdominal trauma takes place as the second commonest cause of death among abused children. Duodenal injuries secondary to blunt trauma are rare but generally life threatening A case of death due to child abuse-maltreatment syndrome with multiple types of maltreatment is presented because of its interesting history and dramatic findings accompanied by medical malpractice. Case presentation The presented case, a five year-old boy, was previously diagnosed with mental retardation, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and had rehabilitation because of these issues. He had been followed up in a rehabilitation service until the family terminated the treatment. The subject was separated from his biological mother and had been living with his biological father, step mother and two step-siblings wh

Predictive factor for lymph node metastasis in non-metastatic colorectal adenocarcinomas

Objectives: To evaluate the predictive factors of lymph node involvement in non-metastatic colorectal adenocarcinomas (nmCRC). Methods: A total of 453 patients diagnosed with nmCRC were analyzed regarding T stage, lymphovascular invasion status, tumor grade and proposed risk score (RS), determined by the combination of these three factors for lymph node metastasis. Results: The median age was 62 (25-90 years), M/F ratio was 1.4:1 and majority of the patients had tumors localized on the left colon (70.6%). The number of excised lymph nodes was ≥12 in 77% of the cases. The postoperative pathological assessments revealed that 57.2% of patie,nts had N0 disease, 29.1% had N1 disease, and 13.7% had N2 disease. The T stages (p=0.007), grade (p<0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.002), RS (p<0.001), and number of excised lymph nodes (p=0.029) were significantly different between N0, N1, and N2 patients. Higher RS was associated with lymph node metastasis (p<0.001). Conclusion: The risk score may predict lymph node metastasis in patients with nmCRC and if validated may be helpful in the decision-making of adjuvant chemotherapy, especially in the elderly and patients with inadequate lymph node dissection