Depositional properties and geochemistry of Holocene perched springline tufa deposits and associated spring waters: A case study from the Denizli province, Western Turkey

The Güney waterfall area is a perched springline tufa site developed on the southeast slope of the Büyük Menderes River near Güney town, in the Denizli province, Western Turkey. The site is 12 km away from Güney and 72 km from the city centre of Denizli. The spring waters emerge from the boundary between Palaeozoic marble and micaschist and precipitated tufa deposits downslope at the altitudes ranging from 220 to 400 metres. The tufa deposits cover an area of about 20 hectares. Flat upper surfaces of the deposits are indicative of mature stage. The waters are of the Ca-HCO3 type and supersaturated with respect to CaCO3. The stable isotope values of the spring waters are -49.94 for δ2H and-7.15 for δ18O. The δ13C and δ18O values of active and passive tufa samples are in the range from -9.13 to -6.0‰, and from -8.44 to -7.40‰, respectively. These isotopic values are typical for fresh water tufa. The passive tufas give the 14C age in the range from 2000 to 5800 yr BP. According to the 14C age data, passive tufas are not older than Holocene. The stable isotope composition is similar south European examples. © The Geological Society of London 2010

Investigation of the interaction between Turkey's CDS premiums, BIST 100, exchange rates and bond rates via cDCC-EGARCH and causality analysis in variance

Kredi temerrüt swapları (CDS), ülke risklerinin önemli bir göstergesidir. Çalışma 12.04.2013-03.12.2020 dönemine ilişkin günlük verilerle yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’nin CDS primlerindeki değişimler ile BİST 100 endeksi, döviz kurları ve tahvil faizleri arasındaki etkileşimin test edilmesidir. Elde edilen bulgularla risk izleme, risk yönetimi ve yatırım portföyü açısından politika yapıcılara ve yatırımcılara önerilerde bulunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda CDS ile BİST 100 endeksi, döviz kurları ve tahvil faiz oranı arasındaki etkileşim cDCC-EGARCH ve varyansta nedensellik ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda CDS, USD/TL, EU/TL ve tahvil faiz serileri için artışların yarattığı şokların etkisinin azalışların yarattığı şoklara göre daha fazla ve anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Varyansta nedensellik analizi sonuçlarına göre döviz kurları ve faizlerden CDS primlerine doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmuştur. CDS primlerinden ise BİST 100 endeksine doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi belirlenmiştir. Döviz kurlarındaki ve tahvil faizlerindeki oynaklık izlenerek ilk gecikmeden itibaren CDS primlerindeki oynaklığın öngörülmesi mümkündür. Elde edilen sonuçlar Türkiye’de kurun seviyesinde istikrarın sağlanması halinde CDS primlerinin uygun aralıkta kalmasının sağlanarak borçlanma maliyetlerinin azaltabileceğini göstermektedir.Credit default swaps (CDS) are an important indicator of country risks. The study was carried out with daily data for 12.04.2013-03.12.2020. The aim of the study is to test the interaction between the changes in Turkey's CDS premiums and the BIST 100 index, exchange rates, and bond rates. The findings obtained aim to make recommendations to policymakers and investors in terms of risk monitoring, risk management, and investment portfolio. The interaction between CDS and BIST 100 index, exchange rates, and bond interest rates was analyzed via cDCC-EGARCH and causality in variance. As a result of the analysis, it has been seen that the effect of shocks created by increases for CDS, USD/TL, EU/TL, and bond interest series is more and more significant than shocks created by decreases. According to the results of causality analysis in variance, a unidirectional causality relationship was found from exchange rates and interest rates to CDS premiums. A causality relationship was determined from CDS premiums to the BIST 100 index. It is possible to predict the volatility in CDS premiums from the first lag by monitoring exchange rates and bond yields volatility. The results show that if the stability in the exchange rate level in Turkey is ensured, the CDS premiums can be kept in the appropriate range, and the borrowing costs can be reduced

Approach towards application of commercial off-the-shelf internet of things devices in the military domain

Battlefield environments are evolving and presenting new challenges for the military all around the world. This is pushing the necessity for evolution of military sensor technologies at an unprecedented rate. While military contractors and manufacturers are coming up with newer and improved technologies, the commercial domain is growing at a much faster rate. It is high time that the military introduces the use of Commercial off-the-Shelf (COTS) sensors due their inherent advantages. In this paper, we present an approach towards using the COTS Internet of Things (IOT) sensors for sensing and surveillance on Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) which form a part of a convoy. The data gathered is processed and distributed between the UGVs, over the convoy vehicles and to higher echelons using existing military communication framework extended by the MIOT architecture. The data distribution on the ground between the UGVs and convoy vehicles is carried out using the NATO Generic Vehicle Architecture (NGVA). The publishing of consolidated and processed data from the ground to the higher echelons like command centres is carried out using the Multilateral Interoperability Programme (MIP) specification