DETERMINATION OF THE ENERGY USAGE EFFICIENCY IN EGG CHICKEN REARED

This study was performed with the purpose of determining the energy usage efficiency of egg chicken reared. To achieve this study, the energy input-output of 1000 egg chickens reared was calculated. This study was done an egg chicken’s farm in Isparta province, the between years 2015-2016. The energy input and output were calculated as 588779.56 MJ/1000 chickens and 1107962.30 MJ/1000 chickens in egg chicken reared. The composition of energy inputs was 88.51% (521147 MJ/1000 chickens) feed energy, 8.24% (48507 MJ/1000 chickens) fuel energy, 1.71% (10504.80 MJ/1000 chickens) electricity energy, 1.01% (5967.81 MJ/1000 chickens) machinery energy, 0.37% (2165.80 MJ/1000 chickens) human labour energy, 0.08% (464.85 MJ/1000 chickens) chickens energy, 0.07% (392.92 MJ/1000 chickens) transportation energy and 0.01% (79.38 MJ/1000 chickens) water energy. Energy usage efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy and net energy for egg chicken reared were calculated as 1.88, 0.03 kg MJ-1, 31.63 MJ kg-1 and 519182.74 MJ/1000 chickens, respectively. Feed energy was determined as the highest ratio (88.51%) of total energy input. According to study results, egg chicken reared can be accepted as economic in terms of energy usage efficiency

Potential of walnut (Juglans regia L.) nursery production and its economic importance in Turkey

In this study, data such as the total amount of nursery stock production in Turkey, walnut rootstock production (seedling rootstock), walnut nursery stock production per variety, number of certified nursery stock producers and distribution per province, number of producers with breeding blocks, walnut nursery stock export-imports and the amount of state funding per year have been statistically analyzed and the results provided. Data have been acquired from the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, General Directorate of Plant Production. During the 2014-2016 period, the total certified and non-certified nursery stock production was 105,418,395 saplings. Apple plant production (30%) was followed by walnut plant production (16%) and grape plant production (11%). Looking at the distribution of walnut nursery enterprises per province, Balıkesir province was ranked first, Bursa province was ranked second, while Izmir province was ranked third. According to the General Directorate of Plant Production data, a total of 3,487,710 buds were used in walnut nursery stock production in Turkey during the 2014-2016 period. These consisted of Altınova-1, Bilecik, Şebin, Chandler, Fernette, Ferron, Franquette, Gültekin-1, Kaman 1, Kaplan-86, Maraş 18, Oğuzlar 77, Pedro, Sütyemez 1, Şen-1, Şen-2, Tokat-1, Yalova-1, Yalova-2, Yalova-3, Yalova-4 and Yavuz-1. During the 2005-2016 period, the amount of assistance provided for certified and non-certified walnut nursery stock production was TRY 100,785,483. © 2019 International Society for Horticultural Science. All rights reserved

DETERMINATION OF ENERGY USE EFFICIENCY OF COTTON PRODUCTION IN TURKEY: A CASE STUDY FROM HATAY PROVINCE

As there was no related research for the Hatay province, this study aimed at determining the energy efficiency of cotton production in that area.This study aimed at determining the energy efficiency of cotton production in the Hatay region of Turkey. Data were gathered in the sea-son of 2016-2017 from 136 enterprises which were chosen by the Simple Random Sampling Method. In order to determine the energy efficiency of cotton, data provided by farmers were utilized. The energy input and output in cotton production were calculated as 57134.25 MJ ha-1 and 63270.54 MJ ha-1, respectively. Energy inputs consist of; electrical by 20914.02 MJ ha-1 (36.61%), chemical fertilizer by 15466.06 MJ ha-1 (27.07%), diesel fuel by 13828.61 (24.20%), irrigation by 4378.50 MJ ha-1 (7.66%), machinery by 1136.59 MJ ha-1 (1.99%), chemical by 830.85 MJ ha-1 (1.45%), seed energy by 311.99 MJ ha-1 (0.55%), and human labour by 267.62 MJ ha-1 (0.47%). Energy in cotton production could be classified as 68.94% direct, 31.06% indirect, 8.67% renewable, and 91.33% non-renewable. Energy efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity, and net energy in cotton production were calculated as 1.11, 10.66 MJ kg-1, 0.09 kg MJ-1, and 6136.29 MJ ha-1.This study was funded by the Hatay Musta-fa Kemal University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project No: 16322)