163 research outputs found
Event-based Compositional Reasoning of Information-Flow Security for Concurrent Systems
High assurance of information-flow security (IFS) for concurrent systems is
challenging. A promising way for formal verification of concurrent systems is
the rely-guarantee method. However, existing compositional reasoning approaches
for IFS concentrate on language-based IFS. It is often not applicable for
system-level security, such as multicore operating system kernels, in which
secrecy of actions should also be considered. On the other hand, existing
studies on the rely-guarantee method are basically built on concurrent
programming languages, by which semantics of concurrent systems cannot be
completely captured in a straightforward way. In order to formally verify
state-action based IFS for concurrent systems, we propose a
rely-guarantee-based compositional reasoning approach for IFS in this paper. We
first design a language by incorporating ``Event'' into concurrent languages
and give the IFS semantics of the language. As a primitive element, events
offer an extremely neat framework for modeling system and are not necessarily
atomic in our language. For compositional reasoning of IFS, we use
rely-guarantee specification to define new forms of unwinding conditions (UCs)
on events, i.e., event UCs. By a rely-guarantee proof system of the language
and the soundness of event UCs, we have that event UCs imply IFS of concurrent
systems. In such a way, we relax the atomicity constraint of actions in
traditional UCs and provide a compositional reasoning way for IFS in which
security proof of systems can be discharged by independent security proof on
individual events. Finally, we mechanize the approach in Isabelle/HOL and
develop a formal specification and its IFS proof for multicore separation
kernels as a study case according to an industrial standard -- ARINC 653
Diagnostic performance of microRNA-133a in acute myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis
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 Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of microRNA-133a in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods: Major databases including PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for case-controlled studies comparing AMI and non-AMI patients. The outcome was evaluated by the relative expression of microRNA-133a in plasma or serum. The Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio (OR) was calculated using a fixed-effects model meta-analysis for the outcome. The primary outcomes of interest were pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of microRNA-133a for AMI.
Results: Out of 137 identified related articles, 10 were found to conform with the inclusion and exÂclusion criteria of the study. The 10 case-controlled studies contained complete data for 1,074 patients (with no restrictions of race, age or sex), and a database containing 137 patients from the registry of each study. In addition to low heterogeneity, a statistically significant increase was found in overall microRNA-133a expression between AMI vs. non-AMI; the pooled OR was 22.84 (95% confidence interval [CI] 13.87–37.63), sensitivity was 0.84 (95% CI 0.75–0.90), specificity was 0.82 (95% CI 0.74–0.89) and area under curve (AUC) was 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.92).
Conclusions: Based on the meta-analysis of ten case-controlled studies including 1,074 patients,it was found that the level of microRNA-133a in blood serum or plasma maybe used as a diagnostic biomarker of AMI
Explicit Feature Interaction-aware Uplift Network for Online Marketing
As a key component in online marketing, uplift modeling aims to accurately
capture the degree to which different treatments motivate different users, such
as coupons or discounts, also known as the estimation of individual treatment
effect (ITE). In an actual business scenario, the options for treatment may be
numerous and complex, and there may be correlations between different
treatments. In addition, each marketing instance may also have rich user and
contextual features. However, existing methods still fall short in both fully
exploiting treatment information and mining features that are sensitive to a
particular treatment. In this paper, we propose an explicit feature
interaction-aware uplift network (EFIN) to address these two problems. Our EFIN
includes four customized modules: 1) a feature encoding module encodes not only
the user and contextual features, but also the treatment features; 2) a
self-interaction module aims to accurately model the user's natural response
with all but the treatment features; 3) a treatment-aware interaction module
accurately models the degree to which a particular treatment motivates a user
through interactions between the treatment features and other features, i.e.,
ITE; and 4) an intervention constraint module is used to balance the ITE
distribution of users between the control and treatment groups so that the
model would still achieve a accurate uplift ranking on data collected from a
non-random intervention marketing scenario. We conduct extensive experiments on
two public datasets and one product dataset to verify the effectiveness of our
EFIN. In addition, our EFIN has been deployed in a credit card bill payment
scenario of a large online financial platform with a significant improvement.Comment: Accepted by SIGKDD 2023 Applied Data Science Trac
Metasomatized lithospheric mantle for Mesozoic giant gold deposits in the North China craton
The origin of giant lode gold deposits of Mesozoic age in the North China craton (NCC) is enigmatic because high-grade metamorphic ancient crust would be highly depleted in gold. Instead, lithospheric mantle beneath the crust is the likely source of the gold, which may have been anomalously enriched by metasomatic processes. However, the role of gold enrichment and metasomatism in the lithospheric mantle remains unclear. Here, we present comprehensive data on gold and platinum group element contents of mantle xenoliths (n = 28) and basalts (n = 47) representing the temporal evolution of the eastern NCC. The results indicate that extensive mantle metasomatism and hydration introduced some gold (<1–2 ppb) but did not lead to a gold-enriched mantle. However, volatile-rich basalts formed mainly from the metasomatized lithospheric mantle display noticeably elevated gold contents as compared to those from the asthenosphere. Combined with the significant inheritance of mantle-derived volatiles in auriferous fluids of ore bodies, the new data reveal that the mechanism for the formation of the lode gold deposits was related to the volatile-rich components that accumulated during metasomatism and facilitated the release of gold during extensional craton destruction and mantle melting. Gold-bearing, hydrous magmas ascended rapidly along translithospheric fault zones and evolved auriferous fluids to form the giant deposits in the crust
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