Need for continual education about disaster medicine for health professionals in China-a pilot study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Disaster Medicine training is not included in medical education curriculum in China, even though the country has suffered various disasters annually. We intended to assess the need for continual education regarding disaster management for health professionals in China.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A survey was conducted among 324 health professionals who participated in the response to the Wenchuan earthquake medical relief and public health assessment in October, 2008.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The most of participants (67.3%) received informal disaster medicine training, and only a few (12.7%) participated in disaster drills. Most of the participants wanted to get continual education about disaster medicine training (89.8%), but prefer on-line training course for the flexibility of time scheduling and travel through China.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The need for continual disaster medicine training is high; health professionals should be equipped with knowledge and skills for disaster management.</p

Rime length, stress, and association domains

Every regular Chinese syllable has a syllable tone (the tone we get when the syllable is read in isolation). In some Chinese languages, the tonal pattern of a multisyllabic expression is basically a concatenation of the syllable tones. In other Chinese languages, the tonal pattern of a multisyllabic expression is determined solely by the initial syllable. I call the former M -languages (represented by Mandarin) and the latter S -languages (represented by Shanghai). I argue that there is an additional difference in rime structures between the two language groups. In S-languages, all rimes are simple, i.e., there are no underlying diphthongs or codas. In M-languages, all regular rimes are heavy. I further argue that a syllable keeps its underlying tones only if it has stress. Independent metrical evidence tells us that heavy rimes may carry inherent stress. Thus, in M-languages, all regular syllables are stressed and retain their underlying tones (which may or may not undergo further changes). In contrast, in S-languages, regular rimes do not carry inherent stress; instead, only those syllables that are assigned stress by rule can keep their underlying tones and hence head a multisyllabic tonal domain.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42998/1/10831_2005_Article_BF01440582.pd

Optimized design for heavy mound venturi

The venturi scrubber is one of the most efficient gas cleaning devices for removal of contaminating particles in industrial flue-gas purification processes. The velocity of the gas entering the scrubber is one of the key factors influencing its dust-removal efficiency. In this study, the shapes of the heavy mound and tube wall are optimized, allowing the girth area to become linearly adjustable. The resulting uniformity of velocity distribution is verified numerically

Warping and Surface Checking Analysis of Engineered Wood Flooring for Heating Systems

The objective of this paper was to investigate the warping and surface checking of engineered wood flooring that was exposed to a heating system. The effects of decorative veneer type, wood structure, and wood shape on warping and surface checking were studied in a laboratory with a simulated heating system. Poplar/seven layer plywood engineered hardwood (structure C) or a 9 mm think poplar substrate layer wood was used, which contained the two veneer surface layers, structure A and structure B. For each structure, two shapes (mono-block or three splice) were tested, and a total of eight different veneer wood types were used. The highest degree of warping was seen in Eucalyptus or sapele veneer types. The degree of warping was the greatest for structure C with mono-block, followed by structure A with mono-block, structure C with three splice, and structure A with three splice. According to the surface checking tests for wood type, American ash, eucalyptus, maple, or birch exhibited the easiest wear, whereas, eastern black walnut exhibited the hardest wear. The surface checking tests revealed that the ranking from easiest to hardest wear was structure B, structure A, and structure C

Research on thermal energy management for PHEV based on NSGA-II optimization algorithm

The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is a new type of energy vehicle that has extremely high demands for vehicle energy consumption management. This study aims to achieve refined energy management of PHEVs, while avoiding high-energy consumption associated with independent control of the thermal management system. For this purpose, a reliable co-simulation platform based on a particular PHEV energy and thermal management system architecture is developed. The platform aims to optimize engine fuel consumption and ensure the stability of the coolant temperature. This study introduces the NSGA-II genetic algorithm to the field of vehicle R&D to collaboratively control the rotary speed of the pump and fan, which highly accelerating the vehicle development cycle. The results show that the optimized algorithm for engine thermal management system efficiently improved fuel economy under dynamics driving conditions. Under SFTP-US06 conditions, the fuel consumption of the PHEV reduced by 0.46L/100 km, resulting in a fuel-saving rate of 5.67%, and the average power of low-voltage accessories was reduced by 81.81%.The approach used in this research can increase the accuracy of the virtual calibration and help shorten the automotive development cycle

Effects of Decorative Veneer and Structure on the Thermal Conductivity of Engineered Wood Flooring

This paper explores the thermal conductivity of engineered wood flooring, which is widely used in world market. The effects of decorative veneer type and structure on the thermal conductivity of engineered wood flooring were studied. Four decorative veneer types and three different structures of engineered wood flooring served as test specimens. All samples were placed in a laboratory simulating a heating system environment, of which the temperature should be measured three times every five minutes. The temperature differences between the upper and lower surfaces were as follows: cherry > maple > birch > eastern black walnut. Three types of structures also showed differences in temperature changes, based on five-minute observations. The larger the decorative veneer’s density, the higher the thermal conductivity, and the faster the heat transferred, meaning less heat was lost. The thermal conductivity of three-layer engineered wood flooring, with decorative veneer made of sawn wood, exhibited the best properties. The second best of the three samples was the three-layer engineered wood flooring with decorative veneer made of thick veneer and plywood. Finally, a multilayered engineered wood flooring performed the worst. The engineered wood flooring for use in heating systems should be chosen for its larger density of decorative veneer made of sawn wood

A Novel Sawing Method for Small-Diameter Log

The commercial feasibility of sawmilling mainly depends on the expected productionyield. At the same time, the choice of sawing method is one of primary factors affecting yield.Therefore, choosing a reasonable sawing method is also necessary in small-diameter logs sawingprocess. In this study, a novel sawing method was proposed, and a comparison was made betweenthe volume yield for the most common sawing method in China, and the yield produced by anovel sawing method. This study shows that hexagon sawing give higher yield than the othersawing methods. The mean yield for the whole diameter range is: 82.7 % for hexagon sawing,53.3 % for live sawing, 56.7 % for hexagon sawing, 63.2 % for hexagon sawing.Validerad; 2015; Nivå 2; 20150129 (matse)</p

Effects of surface treatment on the properties of UV coating

The influence of the surface treatment of raw medium-density fiberboard on the properties of 1st ultraviolet putty coating film and the effects of primer coating arrangement on the qualities of 1st ultraviolet primer film were investigated. With regard to surface roughness and the recorded adhesion of the coating film, there were significant variations when the surface treatment was modified or when the coating arrangement was changed. The findings led to the conclusion that there was a close relationship between the surface treatment as well as the coating arrangement and properties of the coating film.Validerad; 2015; Nivå 2; 20150827 (aliwan)</p