SSRと移行期の正義

「平和構築と治安部門改革(SSR) : 開発と安全保障の視点から」第三部「SSRの諸活動」コラム

Revisiting the 'Nuremberg legacy' : societal transformation and the strategic success of international war crime tribunals : lessons from the Tokyo trial and Japanese experience

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Individual and Collective Guilt: Post-War Japan and the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal

It is a popular view that international war crimes tribunals are a tool for social transformation and reconciliation after conflicts. According to advocates, one of their strengths in this regard is the individual punishment of criminals, which is said to achieve justice for victims while avoiding the collectivization of guilt. This is also said to have the effect of endorsing the transformation of the nation by freeing it from the burden of collective guilt while detaching those responsible for war crimes from the society concerned and eliminating their political influence. Does individual criminal punishment achieve these And is the de-collectivization of guilt through international trials desirable for post-conflict social transformation and reconciliation This article addresses these questions by focusing on the impact of the Tokyo International Military Tribunal, which is analyzed through the ways in which it has been perceived in post-war Japan. It argues that the Tribunal s punishment of wartime leaders produced an ambiguous effect on the Japanese people s sense of war guilt and responsibility, which in turn became an obstacle for the nation to achieve reconciliation not only with its former victims but also with its own past. The article questions the assumption that international criminal justice can promote social transformation and reconciliation.

The Politics of the Death Penalty in Countries in Transition

The increase in the number of countries that have abolished the death penalty since the end of the Second World War shows a steady trend towards worldwide abolition of capital punishment. This book focuses on the political and legal issues raised by the death penalty in "countries in transition", understood as countries that have transitioned or are transitioning from conflict to peace, or from authoritarianism to democracy. In such countries, the politics that surround retaining or abolishing the death penalty are embedded in complex state-building processes.In this context, Madoka Futamura and Nadia Bernaz bring together the work of leading researchers of international law, human rights, transitional justice, and international politics in order to explore the social, political and legal factors that shape decisions on the death penalty, whether this leads to its abolition, reinstatement or perpetuation.Covering a diverse range of transitional processes in Asia, Africa, Latin America, Europe, and the Middle East, The Politics of the Death Penalty in Countries in Transition offers a broad evaluation of countries whose death penalty policies have rarely been studied. The book would be useful to human rights researchers and international lawyers, in demonstrating how transition and transformation, ‘provide the catalyst for several of interrelated developments of which one is the reduction and elimination of capital punishment’

The Politics of the Death Penalty in Countries in Transition

The increase in the number of countries that have abolished the death penalty since the end of the Second World War shows a steady trend towards worldwide abolition of capital punishment. This book focuses on the political and legal issues raised by the death penalty in "countries in transition", understood as countries that have transitioned or are transitioning from conflict to peace, or from authoritarianism to democracy. In such countries, the politics that surround retaining or abolishing the death penalty are embedded in complex state-building processes.In this context, Madoka Futamura and Nadia Bernaz bring together the work of leading researchers of international law, human rights, transitional justice, and international politics in order to explore the social, political and legal factors that shape decisions on the death penalty, whether this leads to its abolition, reinstatement or perpetuation.Covering a diverse range of transitional processes in Asia, Africa, Latin America, Europe, and the Middle East, The Politics of the Death Penalty in Countries in Transition offers a broad evaluation of countries whose death penalty policies have rarely been studied. The book would be useful to human rights researchers and international lawyers, in demonstrating how transition and transformation, ‘provide the catalyst for several of interrelated developments of which one is the reduction and elimination of capital punishment’

Toward Bringing Stability in Afghanistan : A Review of the Peacebuilding Strategy

Contributors ii Introduction: A Need for 'Change' in the Peacebuilding Strategy for Afghanistan / Yuji Uesugi 1 Chapter 1: What Was Wrong With Afghanistan? Reflection upon the Past and Prospect for the Future / Hideaki Shinoda 13 Chapter 2: Examining Regime Change Dynamics in Afghanistan through Relationships between States and Armed Groups / Tatsuo Yamane 25 Chapter 3: Security Sector Reform in Afghanistan / Masoon Stanekzai and Masaki Kudo 39 Chapter 4: Assessing the Role of DDR in Afghanistan: Internal Security Provision and External Environment / Shamsul Hadi Shams 55 Chapter 5: Impact of Illicit Drugs on the Afghan Peacebuilding Process and the Establishment of the Rule of Law / Miwa Kato 77 Chapter 6: Transitional Justice in the Afghan Peacebuilding Process: The Potential and Limitations / Madoka Futamura 101 Chapter 7: Japanese Assistance to the Security Sector in Afghanistan / Nobutaka Miyahara 119 Chapter 8: Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Insecurity: Counter-insurgency in Afghanistan / Yuji Uesugi 13