クリープ時のひずみ速度効果におよぼす交換性陽イオンの影響に関する研究

金沢大学工学部研究課題/領域番号:X00210----375267研究期間(年度):1978出典：「クリープ時のひずみ速度効果におよぼす交換性陽イオンの影響に関する研究」研究成果報告書　課題番号X00210----375267（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-X00210----375267/）を加工して作

粘性土における吸着水の構造及び力学的特性に及ぼす影響に関する研究

金沢大学工学部研究課題/領域番号:X00210----175258, 研究期間(年度):1976出典：「粘性土における吸着水の構造及び力学的特性に及ぼす影響に関する研究」研究成果報告書　課題番号X00210----175258（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-X00210----175258/）を加工して作

飽和粘土のせん断特性に及ぼす温度の影響に関する研究

金沢大学工学部研究課題/領域番号:X00210----275261, 研究期間(年度):1977出典：「飽和粘土のせん断特性に及ぼす温度の影響に関する研究」研究成果報告書　課題番号X00210----275261（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-X00210----275261/）を加工して作

ヘムオキシゲナーゼ1によるクルクミン誘導末梢血単球炎症性サイトカイン産生の制御

取得学位 : 博士（保健学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第2109号 , 学位授与年月日 : 平成22年3月23日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大学, 審査結果の報告日 : 平成22年2月16

Mechanisms of simultaneous linear and nonlinear computations at the mammalian cone photoreceptor synapse

Neurons enhance their computational power by combining linear and nonlinear transformations in extended dendritic trees. Rich, spatially distributed processing is rarely associated with individual synapses, but the cone photoreceptor synapse may be an exception. Graded voltages temporally modulate vesicle fusion at a cone’s ~20 ribbon active zones. Transmitter then flows into a common, glia-free volume where bipolar cell dendrites are organized by type in successive tiers. Using super-resolution microscopy and tracking vesicle fusion and postsynaptic responses at the quantal level in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus, we show that certain bipolar cell types respond to individual fusion events in the vesicle stream while other types respond to degrees of locally coincident events, creating a gradient across tiers that are increasingly nonlinear. Nonlinearities emerge from a combination of factors specific to each bipolar cell type including diffusion distance, contact number, receptor affinity, and proximity to glutamate transporters. Complex computations related to feature detection begin within the first visual synapse

ヘムオキシゲナーゼ1によるクルクミン誘導末梢血単球炎症性サイトカイン産生の制御

クルクミン(diferuloyl methane)は香辛料ターメリックの活性成分であり、試験管内あるいは生体内において強い抗酸化あるいは抗炎症作用などを示すとされているが、このような生物活性の機序としてheme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)の誘導を介することが知られている。本研究では、末梢血単球の炎症性サイトカイン産生におけるクルクミンの関与を明らかにすることを目的として行った。その結果、クルクミンは lipopolysaccharide により末梢血単核球に誘導されたTNF-alpha や IL-6の産生を抑制した一方で、IL-10やHO-1活性を有意に増強した。また、本研究で用いたクルクミンの濃度範囲において、アポトーシスや細胞死はほとんど認めなかったことから、クルクミンによる炎症性サイトカインの抑制効果はクルクミンの細胞毒性に起因したものではないといえた。さらに、HO活性抑制物質SnPP添加により単核球の培養後期においてクルクミンの抑制効果は部分的に解除された、このことから、クルクミンはHO-1産生を介した炎症性サイトカインの抑制を部分的に誘導することが示唆された一方で、他機序を介した単球への関与についても示唆された。クルクミンのような非細胞毒性を示す薬剤を利用することによる単球機能の調節は、さまざまな炎 症性疾患の新しい抗炎症治療への可能性が期待される。Curcumin (diferuloyl methane) is the active component of the spice turmeric and it exerts potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism through which curcumin exhibits its biological functions is through induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the direct effect of curcumin on inflammatory cytokine production by irculating monocytes. Curcumin inhibited lipopolysaccharide induced production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, whereas it induced significant levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and HO-1. The inhibitory effect of curcumin was not via cytotoxicity of the reagent because there was no significant apoptosis or cell death induced over the range of concentrations used for the assay. The inhibitory effect of curcumin was partially abrogated by adding HO inhibitor SnPP at the late phase of the culture, indicating that the curcumin induced suppression of inflammatory cytokine is partly through production of HO-1. In addition, curcumin may act on monocytes through multiple mechanisms to regulate its inflammatory cytokine production. Modulation of monocyte functions by non-cytotoxic reagent such as curcumin may offer a novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders

High speed crystallization of a-Si by lateral sweep annealing in steep temperature gradient

The a-Si films deposited on quartz substrates were crystallized by lateral sweep annealing in steep temperature gradient using a gas burner. Random nucleation in amorphous region was effectively suppressed in the temperature gradient, so lateral solid phase epitaxial growth from crystallites generated at the initial stage of lateral sweep annealing spread over 100 µm. Their crystallographic orientations were mostly (100)

Outcome of fetuses with prenatal diagnosis of isolated severe bilateral ventriculomegaly: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective To quantify from the published literature survival and neurodevelopmental outcome of fetuses with prenatally detected isolated severe bilateral ventriculomegaly. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched electronically. Only cases with a prenatal diagnosis of apparently isolated severe ventriculomegaly and postnatal neurodevelopmental assessment were selected and included. Severe ventriculomegaly was defined as enlargement of the ventricular atria, with a diameter of greater than 15 mm in the transventricular plane. All cases in which the investigators were unable to detect associated structural abnormality, chromosomal abnormality or fetal infection, and in which the ventriculomegaly was therefore regarded as apparently isolated, were included. Those for which the etiology was identified prenatally were excluded, whereas those with postnatal identification of the underlying cause were not excluded, since this information was not available prenatally. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies. Pregnancy outcomes such as termination, stillbirth, neonatal survival and developmental outcome of the baby, were recorded. The degree of disability was classified as no, mild or severe disability. Statistical assessment was performed by meta‐analysis of proportions to combine data, weighting the studies using the inverse variance method and a random‐effects model. Proportions and CIs were reported. Results Eleven studies including 137 fetuses were found. Twenty‐seven pregnancies underwent termination and were excluded. The remaining 110 fetuses with apparently isolated severe ventriculomegaly for which continuation of pregnancy was intended, form the study population. Overall quality assessed using NOS for cohort studies was good. Survival was reported in 95/110 (pooled proportion 87.9% (95% CI, 75.6–96.2%)) cases. In 15/110 (pooled proportion 12.1% (95% CI, 3.8–24.4%)), either stillbirth or neonatal demise was reported. No disability was reported in 41/95 survivors (pooled proportion 42.2% (95% CI, 27.5–57.6%)). However, 17/95 showed mild/moderate disability (pooled proportion 18.6% (95% CI, 7.2–33.8%)) and 37/95 were reported to have severe disability (pooled proportion 39.6% (95% CI, 30.0–50.0%)). Conclusions Four‐fifths of fetuses with severe ventriculomegaly survive and, of these, just over two‐fifths show normal neurodevelopment. The overall survivors without disability account for more than one third of the total. Given that many cases undergo termination of pregnancy and require longer follow‐up in order to detect subtle abnormalities, mortality and prevalence of developmental delay may be even higher than that reported in this paper