Effect of Anesthetics on Phosphate (32P) Metabolism of the Rat Brain

The effect of chlorpromazine (Chp), ether, hexobarbital (evipal) and urethan on the content and turnover rate of phosphate compounds in rat brain tissue was investigated. 32P was taken up into various phosphate fractions in the following order of decreasing rate: ATP, creatine phosphate (CP), nucleoprotein (NP) and phospholipid (LP). ATP concentration was increased and the turnover rate of the fraction was diminished by Chp with evipal (Chp-evipal) and Chp with urethan (Chp-urethan) anesthesia. CP concentration was not appreciably changed but its turnover rate was decreased except for Chp with ether (Chp-ether) anesthesia in which a reduction of CP and acceleration of its turnover rate was noted. These findings suggest that the utilization of high energy phosphate esters is inhibited by Chp-evipal and Chp-urethan but not by Chp-ether. The incorporation of 32P into LP and NP was significantly decreased after 2-hour anesthesia, while it was rather increased within 30 minutes particularly with Chp-ether anesthesia. A different mode of action of Chp-ether on phosphate metabolism of the brain is suspected when compared with that of Chp-evipal as well as Chp-urethan

Diagnostically Challenging Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors: A Selective Review of 7 Jawbone Lesions

Considerable variation in the clinicopathologic presentation of epithelial odontogenic tumors can sometimes be confusing and increase the chance of misdiagnosis. Seven diagnostically challenging jawbone lesions are described. There were 2 cases of mistaken identity in our ameloblastoma file. One unicystic type, initially diagnosed and treated as a lateral periodontal cyst, showed destructive recurrence 6 years postoperatively. The other globulomaxillary lesion was managed under the erroneous diagnosis of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor and recurred 4 times over an 11-year period. This tumor was found in retrospect to be consistent with an adenoid ameloblastoma with dentinoid. The diagnosis of cystic squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) occurring as a radicular lesion of an impacted lower third molar was one of exclusion. Of two unsuspected keratocystic odontogenic tumors, one depicted deceptive features of pericoronitis, while the other case has long been in our files with the diagnosis of globulomaxillary SOT. Two cases of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma appeared benign clinically and exhibited unexpected findings; an impacted third molar began to erupt in association with the growth of carcinoma and another periradicular carcinoma showed dentinoid formation. Cases selectively reviewed in this article present challenging problems which require clinical and radiographic correlation to avoid potential diagnostic pitfalls

Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst of the Mandible with Heterotopic Cartilage

Cartilaginous metaplasia is a rare but well-documented phenomenon occurring in the wall of odontogenic keratocyst. The mural cartilage not associated with odontogenic keratocyst has been reported only once in a maxillary teratoid cyst of congenital origin to our knowledge. A case presented is a 38-year-old man with intraosseous keratinizing epidermoid cyst in the mandible, the wall of which contained a nodule of mature hyaline cartilage. The present lesion likely represents a previously undescribed, histologic hybrid consisting of orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst and cartilaginous heterotopia

A New Method for Quality Control of Geological Cores by X-Ray Computed Tomography: Application in IODP Expedition 370

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research used data provided by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP). We are grateful to the IODP and thank crew, drilling team, geologists and lab technicians on Chikyu and the staff of the Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research for supporting IODP 370-operations. We would like to thank Lucia Mancini for handling the editorial process and the three reviewers for submitting their helpful comments and improving the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Effect of Anesthetics on Phosphate (32P) Metabolism of the Rat Brain

The effect of chlorpromazine (Chp), ether, hexobarbital (evipal) and urethan on the content and turnover rate of phosphate compounds in rat brain tissue was investigated. 32P was taken up into various phosphate fractions in the following order of decreasing rate: ATP, creatine phosphate (CP), nucleoprotein (NP) and phospholipid (LP). ATP concentration was increased and the turnover rate of the fraction was diminished by Chp with evipal (Chp-evipal) and Chp with urethan (Chp-urethan) anesthesia. CP concentration was not appreciably changed but its turnover rate was decreased except for Chp with ether (Chp-ether) anesthesia in which a reduction of CP and acceleration of its turnover rate was noted. These findings suggest that the utilization of high energy phosphate esters is inhibited by Chp-evipal and Chp-urethan but not by Chp-ether. The incorporation of 32P into LP and NP was significantly decreased after 2-hour anesthesia, while it was rather increased within 30 minutes particularly with Chp-ether anesthesia. A different mode of action of Chp-ether on phosphate metabolism of the brain is suspected when compared with that of Chp-evipal as well as Chp-urethan